1. The money market interest rate used by investors for discount is higher than that used by borrowers for loans, so the discount interest is higher than that of loans.
2. The short-term rate of return in the non-monetary market held by investors is greater than the money market interest rate used by borrowers for loans. Investors can get higher returns by depositing money in the money market or non-money market, while borrowers can only get lower returns from the money market.