The total length of Nan 'ao Bridge is 1 1.08 km, and construction started in 2009. Because the bridge is located at the horn of Houjiangwan Strait, the hydrological, geological and meteorological environment is complex and changeable, and the construction progress of the bridge is constantly extended. After 68 months of hard work, this bridge leading to Laiwu at the end of the mountain will soon become the most convenient mode of transportation for citizens to enter and leave South Australia Island.
In these 68 months, the most difficult and crucial link of Nan 'ao Bridge is underwater construction. With the successful completion of this link, Nan 'ao Bridge has also set a new record for bridge construction in Guangdong Province-becoming the first successful and practical bridge with steel pipe piles as the pile foundation in Guangdong Province.
It is understood that all steel pipe piles are used as pile foundations in the 5.3km deep water area of Nan 'ao Bridge, and 593 steel pipe piles have been laid along the whole line, forming 120 offshore piers. Due to the complex construction environment, strict technical requirements and urgent construction period, especially in South Australia, sudden strong winds and foggy weather are frequent, and pile sinking construction is often blocked. In the first eight months, the construction party only completed 56 steel pipe piles, which seriously affected the progress of pile sinking. In addition, the sinking of steel pipe piles of the same pier often happens that individual piles can't reach the design elevation, which is more than 20 meters at most. Therefore, the construction unit should carry out geological survey and static and dynamic load test in time, and comprehensively correct the pile length according to the relevant results, and implement it after being approved by experts. After the modification, all 537 piles were successfully completed in only three months, creating a miracle of bridge steel pipe pile sinking.
At that time, in order to successfully complete piling, the construction company also mobilized the world's most advanced piling boat "Li Hai 80 1". The lifting capacity of this piling boat is 600 tons, and the piling length is 80 meters plus the water depth. The steel pipe pile can be lifted horizontally to the final vertical position at one time. It has assisted in the construction of Hangzhou Bay Bridge and Jingtang Bridge.
The close-range measurement control error of "Eye of the Sky" satellite positioning system is controlled within 2 cm.
Total length of Nan 'ao Bridge11.08km. How to achieve accurate positioning in the vast sea is a big problem. In this process, the construction unit relies on advanced satellite positioning technology and strict measurement monitoring, and always strictly controls the bridge construction error within the standard range of 2 cm.
It is understood that most of the South Australia Bridge is at sea, and there is no base point that can be controlled at sea. Therefore, the construction unit adopts the GPS satellite positioning system for the whole bridge survey and control, and then sets 10 GPS control points on the land on both sides of the river as the benchmark for the whole bridge survey and control. In order to facilitate offshore construction, the construction unit also laid seven GPS encryption control points on the pier of the offshore platform. Using these satellite positioning base points, the construction unit regularly uses measuring instruments to track and measure, and adjusts and corrects the errors in time when they are found, and each error must be strictly controlled within the standard range of 2 cm.
Two-way two-lane design considering actual traffic volume
Nan 'ao Bridge is designed as a two-way and two-lane bridge. Many citizens have questions: Since it is such an important cross-sea bridge, why is it so "thin"? The reporter learned that this design is not only limited by cost, but also based on the actual traffic volume of Nan 'ao Island.
The roundabout road in South Australia is the only access to the island. This road is designed to be two-way and two-lane. If the traffic volume of the corresponding Nan 'ao Bridge is too large, the road will suddenly "shrink" after entering the island, which may lead to greater traffic hazards. In fact, if the traffic volume on the island increases in the future, the existing bridge can hardly meet the demand of vehicles entering and leaving the island, and another bridge can be built, which can also be used for reference in the history of bridge construction in China. It is understood that at present, the initial top speed of the South Australia Bridge should not exceed 60 kilometers per hour, and the ultimate load capacity is 55 tons. The bridge will be equipped with monitoring equipment every 500 meters to monitor the traffic situation and vehicle driving behavior of the bridge in real time, without blind spots.
Affected by weather, sea conditions and other factors, the expansion project cost increased by nearly 500 million yuan.
Affected by the weather, sea conditions and other objective factors, the real closing time of the bridge has been extended by more than two years compared with the original design period, and the cost has also increased by nearly 500 million yuan.
The original contract period of Nan 'ao Bridge Project was 3 years, but it was often affected by various objective factors after the project started. Taking the weather as an example, there are few effective working days in the sea area of bridge engineering construction, and the actual working days are about 150 days per year, which is much lower than the 270 days in the bidding documents. In this way, it also increases the cost of the project. For example, there is a mixing boat that supplies concrete, and the monthly rent is as high as 700,000 yuan. Because of the problem of boulders at the bottom of the sea, the construction period was delayed for one year and it was idle for one year. Similar cost increases make people feel helpless and distressed. "But for the high-quality completion of the project, these expenses are to be borne." A leader of China Communications No.1 Navigation Bureau told reporters.
It is understood that the total cost of the bridge has been adjusted from the original 1 1.0 1 billion yuan to158.2 million yuan. Nevertheless, CCCC No.1 Navigation Bureau ensured the progress of the project through various efforts such as bank factoring and corporate loans. Nan 'ao Bridge is the first truly sea-crossing bridge in Guangdong Province. It starts from Laiwu Wai, Chenghai, our city, and connects with Laimei Road of provincial highway S336, and ends at Kuluping, Changshanwei, South Australia, and connects with the highway around the island. The total length of the route is 1 1.08 km, of which the total length of the bridge is about 9.3km..
16 1 bus route
With the completion and opening of the Nan 'ao Bridge, the transition history of citizens from Nan 'ao to the island is over. The reporter learned from Shantou Municipal Transportation Bureau that the bus line 16 1 (Qishan Bus Station to Nan 'ao County) will be opened in Shantou soon, and will be put into trial operation simultaneously with the completion and opening of Nan 'ao Bridge, which will make it more convenient and economical for South Australian citizens to travel, solve the problem that they can't travel to and from downtown or South Australia after 6 pm, and further promote the equalization of public transport services in Shantou.
It is understood that the bus line 16 1 is an express bus line, connecting passenger hubs such as Qishan bus terminal, bus terminal, passenger center station, railway station and civil aviation terminal, covering the whole northern area of the central city, and at the same time undertaking the transfer of short-distance trains in the whole city and Shantou Chaojie; The line only stops at downtown 1 1 station. During the trial operation, 12 Xiamen Jinlong LNG buses will be put into operation, and the vehicle capacity will be gradually increased as appropriate. The operation adopts split mode, with the first shift from Shantou to South Australia at 6: 30, the last shift at 20: 30, the first shift from South Australia to Shantou at 7: 00 and the last shift at 2 1: 00.
In addition, during the trial operation, a temporary bus interchange station will be set up at Laimei Road, the T-junction at the entrance of the west approach road of Nan 'ao Bridge near Laiwu, providing the ability to connect with buses such as 105 and 203 and transfer to Nan 'ao County, providing more choices for citizens to go to South Australia. Among them, bus 105 starts from People's Square, passes through Haibin Road, Zhongshan East Road (Times Square South Station) and jin hong Highway, and ends at Laiwu Ferry. Citizens in the south of the central city can take this line, and citizens in Chaoyang, Chaonan and Haojiang District can also change to this line at People's Square. Bus No.203 starts from Chenghai Bus Terminal, passes Guangyi Road and Laimei Road, and ends at Laiwu Bathroom. Citizens in Chenghai District can take this line.
Bus line 16 1 From Qishan Bus Terminal to Nan 'ao County, passing Qishan Bus Terminal-Chaoshan Road-Xinghua Road-Jinsha Road-Zhangshan Road-Jinhu Road-Changjiang Road-songshan road-Zhujiang Road-Taishan Road (Passenger Center Station) -324 National Road-Laiwu Road-Nan 'ao Bridge-Nan 'ao County. Stops: Qishan Bus Terminal, TV Tower, Bus Terminal, Jinsha Township West, Dongxia Middle School North Campus, long hu cun North, Huaxin Garden, Zhujiang Road Middle, Passenger Center Station, Shanfen Taishan Road Intersection, Waisha Town Government, South Australia Bridge West, Changshanwei, Dachuan 'ao, Qianao Resort, Xiangyun Square, Visitor Center and Peak Park (county pier).
With the approval of Shantou Municipal Price Bureau, the total bus fare of 16 1 bus from Qishan Bus Terminal to Nan 'ao County is 14 yuan/person, and the new bus fare of Shantou Shenzhan is tentatively set as May 1 day. At the same time, segmented fares are implemented, with 7 yuan as the boundary to the west of Nan 'ao Bridge.
According to reports, since the opening of the 16 1 bus line, which was put into trial operation simultaneously with the Nan 'ao Bridge, it has become the most convenient, economical and environmentally friendly means of transportation for citizens to go to Nan 'ao Island and Nan 'ao citizens. At present, 16 1 bus is divided into line A and line B, in which line A takes jin hong Highway and line B takes National Highway 324. The original fare 12 yuan/person is adjusted to 14 yuan/person. At the same time, it is charged by stages. At present, Qishan Bus Terminal to the west of Nan 'ao Bridge and Nan 'ao Bridge to Nan 'ao County are adjusted from the original 6 yuan/person to 7 yuan/person.
According to Hu Peng, deputy general manager of Shantou Shenzhan Bus, at present, the number of 16 1 bus has increased from the original 12 to 20, and it has increased to 25 on holidays, which further facilitates citizens and tourists to take public transport to the island. Laichang ferry
I learned from ChangFerry that Laichang Ferry currently sails four times a day due to passenger flow, seasons and other reasons, and the flights are not split.
According to reports, since the trial operation of the Nan 'ao Bridge, except for large vehicles, almost all vehicles entering and leaving the island have crossed the bridge. Most passengers on the ferry are citizens driving motorcycles and bicycles, and this part of tourists is extremely limited. Therefore, after the Spring Festival, Laichang Ferry only operates four times a day, one at 9: 00 a.m. and 3: 00 p.m. respectively, and one at 10 a.m. and one at 4: 00 p.m. respectively, and the frequency and sailing time will be adjusted appropriately during holidays.
According to the person in charge of Laichang Ferry Station, the Nan 'ao Bridge is still in the trial operation stage and is free of vehicle tolls. After the bridge is officially charged, the ferry will adjust the frequency according to the passenger flow. Notice on Operation and Management of Nan 'ao Bridge
According to the Reply of Guangdong Provincial People's Government on Relevant Issues of Vehicle Toll for Nan 'ao Bridge in Shantou City (Yue Fu Han [20 15] No.44), Nan 'ao Bridge is scheduled to be officially put into operation at 0: 00 on April 2015. The relevant issues of operation management are hereby notified as follows:
1. Vehicle travel time: 24 hours (except special weather or traffic control).
2. The toll station is located at the land junction of South Australia, and the management office of Laiwu Side Upper Bridge is equipped with a physical gate. Vehicles entering the island are paid and released. Vehicles entering the bridge take the cartoon lane, and vehicles leaving the island are released by swiping their cards.
3. Vehicle toll standards are: 48 yuan/train for Class I vehicles, 72 yuan/train for Class II vehicles, 96 yuan/train for Class III vehicles, 44 yuan/train for Class IV vehicles, and Kloc-0/train for Class V vehicles. Trucks are charged by weight. The charging method adopts one-way and two-way charging for vehicles entering the island.
Four, the bridge is equipped with interval speed measurement and safety bayonet, and the vehicles on the bridge must drive safely in accordance with signs, markings and related warning information. The speed limit of vehicles on the bridge is 60 km/h.
5. The Nan 'ao Bridge is restricted by the first-class load of the highway, and it is forbidden to overload vehicles on the bridge. Overloaded vehicles breaking into the bridge area should be evacuated from the bridge area in an orderly manner under the command and guidance of traffic, traffic police law enforcement officers and Nan 'ao Bridge management personnel, and punished according to regulations.
6. In case of special weather (such as typhoon, tropical storm, fog, etc. ), the bridge will be traffic controlled or closed as appropriate; No buses (or vehicles at the same level) are allowed to get on the bridge in windy weather of Grade 9; Bridges above 10 (including 10) are closed in windy weather.
7. Pedestrians and the following vehicles are prohibited from getting on the bridge: non-motor vehicles, motorcycles, tractors, disabled vehicles, tracked vehicles, wheeled mechanical vehicles, articulated buses and full trailers.
Eight, vehicles through the South Australia Bridge, prohibit the following acts:
(a) overtaking, reversing, retrograde, U-turn;
(two) parking on the bridge deck, passengers;
(three) riding, rolling lane boundary.
(4) Use high beam at night.
(5) It is forbidden to take photos overnight and litter.
Nine, when the vehicle is difficult to move on the bridge due to an accident or fault, it should immediately turn on the danger warning flash, and set up a warning sign behind the driving direction according to the regulations. Drivers and passengers should quickly transfer to the right emergency lane, and immediately call for help and turn on the position lights and rear position lights.
10. As the Nan 'ao Bridge belongs to the land-island connecting line and is terminal traffic, the current traffic capacity on the island is limited. The traffic police departments of Nan 'ao County and Chenghai District and the management unit of Nan 'ao Bridge will implement traffic control in due course according to the traffic situation.
This is a message for you.
Shantou Municipal People's Government
2065438+March 27th, 2005