(1) For the transferor who acquires credit assets, the significance of the transfer of credit assets lies in:
Improve asset liquidity. The transferor's financial institutions sell long-term loans such as housing mortgage loans and syndicated loans through the credit asset transfer market to obtain the most liquid cash, which directly improves the overall liquidity of bank assets and is conducive to the matching of the term structure of assets and liabilities.
Improve the capital adequacy ratio. The risk weight of general industrial and commercial loans is 100%, and it is necessary to maintain a net capital of not less than 8% according to regulations. After the transfer of some loans, the risk weight of these assets will be reduced to zero, which can effectively reduce the demand for capital and thus improve the capital adequacy ratio. In the current situation of scarce bank capital, the transfer of credit assets is of direct practical significance to banks.
Resolve non-performing loans and dispose of mortgaged assets. The time and space for resolving non-performing loans within banks are limited. Selling non-performing loans and mortgaged assets with appropriate combination and pricing through asset transfer can greatly reduce the non-performing rate of bank assets in a short period of time.
Reduce credit concentration and adjust loan structure. The traditional way to adjust credit concentration and loan structure is compression and extrusion, which increases the fluctuation of customer capital chain and credit risk and causes the loss of customers. The transfer of credit assets provides a new means of loan concentration and structure management, which can realize the bank's own loan optimization management in a way that does not affect customers.
Increase profit channels. Scientifically arranging the transfer of credit assets can make banks realize certain adjustments while taking into account profits. For example, through reasonable loan transfer pricing, business income can be directly obtained; Accelerate capital turnover through loan transfer and improve the overall income of credit business; By forecasting the trend of interest rate, we can transfer low-interest loans before raising interest rates, and then borrow after raising interest rates to obtain interest rate changes.
For the transferee of outright credit asset transfer, the advantages of credit asset transfer business are:
Expand the customer base. Transferring the credit assets of the same trade is equivalent to using the customer resources of the same trade to develop their own business, and promoting the business content to develop into a business joint venture. For example, banks accept loans from finance companies, and at the same time take advantage of their advantages in network, settlement, capital and business functions to provide customers with all-round services together with finance companies, so that the transferee can give full play to its professional advantages.
The transfer of credit assets helps banks to establish competitive advantages in their professional fields. Professional field is a specific industry and regional field with good business experience and professional advantages formed by banks according to their own characteristics in the business field where they provide services. In the professional field, banks can not only directly develop customers' credit business, but also obtain such credit from peers through asset transfer, thus consolidating and expanding their business share and strength.
(2) For the transferor of the repo-type credit asset transfer, the significance of the transfer lies in:
Get liquidity. For example, China Development Bank and other countries carry out repurchase-type indirect syndicated business, and sell loan shares to other financial institutions to obtain liquidity.
Increase the income of intermediary business. For example, some commercial banks with more loan projects transfer their loan shares to other financial institutions in the form of repurchase of indirect syndicates after the loan business is launched, and there is a price difference between their loan interest rates and the loan shares transferred by other financial institutions, which is the loan transfer fee income. While gaining liquidity, the transferor has increased the income from intermediary business.
For the transferee of the repo-type credit asset transfer, the significance of the transferee lies in:
It provides a low-risk and high-yield channel for the transferee to use funds. The nature of repo-type credit asset transfer business is similar to that of capital business, but compared with interbank lending and bill discount, the transferee of repo-type credit asset transfer obtains higher interest rate, which provides a channel for the transferee to use funds with relatively high credit income attached to banks.