After the reform and opening up, Taishan Industry has formed an industrial system with machinery, aluminum, electronic appliances, textiles, medicine, building materials, food, hardware, chemicals, clothing and other industries as the mainstay, and its products are exported to all parts of the world. Agriculture has initially established ten production bases of high-quality rice, mariculture, freshwater aquaculture, peanuts, sugar cane, vegetables, animal husbandry, fruits, flowers and trees.
In 20 12, Taishan's economic strength improved steadily. It is estimated that the annual GDP will reach 30.585 billion yuan, up 10% year-on-year. Budget revenue of public budget 176 1 100 million yuan, with an increase of 13.2%. Taishan County's comprehensive economic development strength ranks ninth in Guangdong Province.
In 20 13, the city's GDP reached 31900 million yuan, an increase of 8.2% year-on-year; The public budget revenue was 2.033 billion yuan, up by15.4%; The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 65.438+0.074 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+03%; The fixed assets investment of the whole society was 65.438+0.967 billion yuan, an increase of 654.38+00.1%; Total retail sales of social consumption165.3 billion yuan, an increase of12.4%; The total export volume was 654,380.4 billion US dollars, an increase of 8.3%. Taishan is a big agricultural city with rich resources and great development potential. There are 800,000 mu of cultivated land, 2.4 million mu of mountainous areas and 400,000 mu of tidal flats. Taishan is one of the national commodity grain bases with mild climate and abundant products. We will continue to intensify the adjustment of agricultural structure, actively promote the "three highs" agricultural industrialization, and initially form four pillar industries of rice, aquatic products, fruits and vegetables, and animal husbandry, and ten agricultural commodity production bases of rice, marine aquaculture, freshwater aquaculture, fruits, vegetables, peanuts, flowers, sugar cane, trees and livestock. Taishan agricultural production is developing in the direction of high quality, base, commercialization and modernization.
Farming system
Before the 1950s, the cropping system was mainly one or two crops a year, and the area of three crops was not large. Plant one crop (single crop) in low-wave farmland, low-enclosed farmland, high-kang farmland and leisure farmland in autumn and winter. 1955, we carried out "from earning manuscripts to ploughing", planting two crops in the morning and evening, planting sweet potatoes in winter and planting three crops a year, namely rice (early rice), rice (late rice) and potato (sweet potato). 1956 changed to rice, rice and wheat. 1958, iron and steel smelting and winter wheat planting stopped. From 1975 to 1977, rice was planted in China, and the triple cropping system was changed to rice, rice and rice. 1977 planted 9869 mu of rice. Because of rice continuous cropping, soil fertility is getting less and less, utilization and nutrition are unbalanced, yield is not high, and income is not great. Change to the planting system with green manure, rice and paddy as the main crops. From 65438 to 0979, the rural areas began to implement the economic system reform, and the joint production system was developed into three-dimensional agriculture. While ensuring the grain planting area, we planted cash crops and developed commodity production, which improved the ecological and economic benefits.
breed improvement
Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was a folk saying in Taishan that farmers paid great attention to the selection of improved varieties and introduced early (late) rice from other places, such as Xinxing Bai, Fujian Zhan, Luoding Zhan, Zengcheng Zhan, sweet potato and white cassava.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), the agricultural sector actively introduced excellent varieties of food crops. County agricultural institutes and rural agricultural machinery stations shall establish seed bases and organize farmers to exchange and update seeds. After the 1960s, the policy of "self-selection, self-retention, self-reproduction and self-use, supplemented by state regulation" was implemented. County supply and marketing cooperatives set up seed management departments to purchase and supply seeds in a unified way.
Rice varieties
In 1950s, Nantes 16, Plaza 7 and Plaza 13 popularized early rice with short white shells; Late rice includes Tangpu Dwarf, Late Baizhan and White Shell.
In 1960s, dwarfing varieties were popularized. Early rice includes Nante, Fangai, Zhenzhu, Guangai No.6 and so on. Late rice is dominated by Tangpu dwarf, Southwest dwarf, Shijiao dwarf and Muquan dwarf. These varieties have the characteristics of short stalk, fertilizer tolerance, lodging resistance and high yield.
During the "Cultural Revolution", the scientific research department was paralyzed, agricultural personnel were sent to cadre schools, improved rice varieties were introduced less, and the system of rice seed selection and seed retention was chaotic. The main varieties are Keqing No.3, Jian 'aizao, Jiangnan Dwarf, Raoping Dwarf, Qiuchang No.3 and Muquanxuan.
In the middle and late 1970s, the introduced rice varieties increased year by year, including Guang 6 Ai, Guang Jie 9, Hong Mei Zao, Nan Ke Xuan, Nanjing 1 1, Ke2, Ke6, Ke9, Narrow Julia, Kaizhen 3, Xin 4, Wanzhan, Baoxuan 2, Baotai Ai, Pingchao 9, and so on.
In the early 1980s, rice seeds in this county were basically improved. Early rice includes Bohuizhan, Long Dan Zhan, Qingyou, Guichao No.4, Guichao No.7, Shanyou No.2, Shanyou No.6, Shanyou No.36 and Qingyouzao. Late rice includes Xinyouzhan, Huiyouzhan, Yusuobao, Guishan Dwarf, Tsinghua Dwarf, Late Huahua and Shantou Dwarf.
From 65438 to 0985, the area of excellent rice varieties in the county reached 964,200 mu, accounting for 68% of the annual planting area.
All kinds of miscellaneous grains
The coarse cereals planted in Taishan mainly include sweet potato, cassava and corn. Sweet potatoes include red meat potatoes, white meat potatoes, croissants and sweet potatoes. In 1950s, Zhoufu potato, Leizhou potato, Zhengbo potato, radish potato and spring potato were introduced. The yield of potato in Leizhou is high, but its taste is light, so farmers often use it as pig feed. Cassava is mainly white cassava, which is toxic and needs to be boiled in water. After the reform and opening up, Hainan cassava with high yield and rich starch was introduced. The main varieties of corn are yellow seed package, white seed package and corn. 1960s, glutinous rice steamed stuffed bun, covered with gold and yellow gold queen were introduced.
Grain yield
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the rice yield in Taishan was very low. The yield per mu with good soil quality is 150 kg, the yield per mu with average soil quality is 100 kg, and the yield per mu in low-water fields and sandy shallow water fields is only 50-60 kg. "Xinning County Records" contains: "The grain has only been in for half a year".
In the middle of the Republic of China, the children of overseas Chinese, relying on remittances, were lazy in farming, and the soil fertility gradually became thinner. In addition, people often have disputes over mountains and graves, which leads to fighting and more and more serious damage to agricultural production. The planting area of grain crops (including miscellaneous grains, the same below) has decreased, and the output per unit area has decreased year by year. 2 1 (1932) is a normal year, with an average yield per mu 100 kg.
In 32 years of the Republic of China (1943), there was a severe drought, and the average yield of grain crops per mu was 15 kg to 20 kg.
In 38 years of the Republic of China (1949), the total output of grain crops was 149869.20 tons, and the yield per mu was 92 kilograms.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), water conservancy was vigorously built, farming system was reformed, and advanced science and technology were popularized. Grain production has developed year by year, and the output per unit area has been greatly improved. 1952, Taishan changed from a grain-deficient county to a grain-self-sufficient county, 1953 total grain output 198423.4 tons. 1963 The total grain output was 2711610.6 tons, and the average yield per mu increased from1949.92 kg to 147 kg.
From 1964 to 1976, the total grain output hovered between 250,000 tons and 330,000 tons, and the average yield per mu ranged from 137 kg to 185 kg.
1979- 1983 was the fastest period of grain growth after the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1979, the total grain output was 36,4371.75 tons, with an average yield per mu of 192 kg, 1983, with a total grain output of 414,893.9 tons, with an average yield of 268 kg, creating a history that the total grain output in Taishan county exceeded 400,000 tons. During Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, Baisha Coal Mine had used mechanical coal mining. In the early years of the Republic of China, some machinery and semi-machinery factories and workshops were established one after another, and handicraft production also developed. During the Japanese occupation of Taishan, industry and handicrafts were seriously damaged. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, industrial recovery was slow. 1949, the county's total industrial output value (original caliber, the same below) was only 4.4038+0 million yuan.
In the early days of the People's Republic of China, we began to restore and develop industrial production. 1954, there were 1329 industrial enterprises in the county, including 8 state-owned enterprises, 5 public-private joint ventures, 76 cooperative camps, 8 private enterprises 18, individual handicrafts 1222, and total industrial output value10/kloc.
1956, the socialist transformation of private industries and individual handicrafts in the county was basically completed, and 1 14 handicraft cooperatives were established. Sugar cake factories, food factories, tobacco factories, leather factories and grain processing factories in various districts (towns) were completed and put into operation, with a total industrial output value of 22.38 million yuan.
1958, the county cement plant and Baisha cement plant were put into operation, ending the history of importing cement. In addition, a porcelain factory, a saltworks and a machinery factory were built.
In 1960s, the county's industries were adjusted, and a number of large state-owned industries, such as phosphate fertilizer plant, pesticide plant, Doosan sugar plant and nitrogen fertilizer plant, were newly built. During this period, the production grew steadily, and the total industrial output value of the county reached 62.77 million yuan from 65438 to 0969.
In the 1970s, the collective industry developed rapidly, and the Second Light Industry Department invested a lot of money in publishing and reforming the Second Light Industry, which enabled cooperative factories such as bicycle parts factory, metal factory, clothing factory, wood factory, agricultural factory of Ministry of Water, public welfare hardware rolling factory and stamping machinery factory and a number of handicraft cooperatives to update their equipment, expand their scale and improve their production capacity. 1970, the total industrial output value of the second light industry was only 9130,000 yuan, and it developed to19.793 million yuan in 1979. From 1970 to 1979, the county's total industrial output value reached 103 1.47 million yuan.
In the 1980s, Taishan industry made new progress. The main industries are: building materials, fuels, chemicals, electrical appliances, electronics, machinery, sugar, salt, paper, medicine, ceramics, clothing, food, plastics, gold ornaments, handicrafts and so on. Among these industries, the household appliances industry has the fastest development, with 9 factories producing household appliances, accounting for more than 40% of the county's total industrial output value. In the building materials industry, six sugar factories have been set up (after adjustment, two have changed production), and the daily output of sugarcane is 3,200 tons. Do salt industry and build two saltworks, with an annual output of 4 196 tons of crude salt and an output value of 630,000 yuan. The pharmaceutical industry is also on the rise. Three pharmaceutical factories have been established to produce more than 70 kinds of drugs with an output value of 60 million yuan. There are 40 garment processing enterprises with more than 4,700 employees, processing 5 million garments annually.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the industrial output value of Taishan increased from 1950 to 1976, and it took 25 years to reach the first 10 billion yuan (original caliber, the same below); From 1976 to 198 1 year, it took six years, and the second 10 billion was spent; It took three years from 1982 to 1984 and won the third billion. 1985 the total industrial output value of the county is 682.23 million yuan, exceeding the agricultural output value for the first time.
Since the reform and opening up, Taishan industry has been developing continuously and the dragon has risen. State-owned collective, foreign capital, private and individual industries keep pace. Machinery manufacturing, electronic appliances, textiles and clothing, medicine and food, chemical plastics, building materials and other industries have been initially formed. * * * has 80 categories of products, 1500 varieties. The scale, grade and efficiency of industrial enterprises have improved, and their products have been exported to more than 50 countries and regions in the world.
20 1 1 year, Taishan's industry has formed an industrial system focusing on machinery, electronic appliances, textiles, medicine, building materials, food, hardware, chemicals, clothing and other industries, with more than 0.000 kinds of industrial products 1000 exported to all parts of the world. Taishan is one of the top 100 counties (cities) with comprehensive scientific and technological strength in China and one of the counties (cities) with strong scientific and technological strength in Guangdong Province. There are 29,000 professional technicians in the city, including 10 high-tech enterprises recognized by provinces and cities and 19 private technology enterprises. High-tech products involve 43 varieties in photoelectric integration, bioengineering, new materials, electronic information, microelectronics, household appliances, machinery and other technical fields. During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, the city won scientific and technological achievements 102 at or above the county (city) level; Promote 27 scientific and technological achievements; Organized and implemented 23 national and provincial science and technology projects, and obtained 42 patent applications/kloc-0 authorized by China National Intellectual Property Administration. Industry, agriculture and marine economy have changed from resource-based and extensive to technology-based and intensive, and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic growth has reached 45%, creating a sustainable development situation in which science and technology in Taishan promote each other with population, resources and environment.