What does the pre-loan investigation include, and what is its legality and compliance?
Liaoning Yuheng Financing Guarantee Company gives you the most professional answer: extra points! Pre-loan investigation is an important procedure and link of credit management, and it is the cornerstone of loan issuance, which is directly related to the correctness of loan decision. Individual credit officers only look at the information provided by loan applicants, which leads to inaccurate pre-loan investigation. In the pre-loan investigation, in addition to the necessary investigation of the applicant in the general way, it is also necessary to find out the true background of the applicant. If the pre-lending investigation is not solid, it may increase the risk of credit assets and may lose the opportunity to establish credit relations with every excellent customer. Pre-loan investigation is mainly divided into personal loans and corporate loans. Compared with corporate loans, the pre-loan investigation of personal loans is more intuitive, focusing on the customer's previous credit records, followed by the customer's education, experience, management ability, performance, social relations, hobbies, living habits, conduct, age, health status and so on. Finally, the second source of repayment. The pre-loan investigation of loans from enterprises and institutions is complicated, so we should focus on the following aspects: First, the borrower's qualification. Review whether the enterprise has the loan conditions, look at the enterprise legal person and business license, and determine whether the borrower is an approved and registered enterprise (business) legal person or other economic organization. Look at social relations, hobbies, living habits, conduct, age, health status, etc. Investigate its legal representative, and then understand the number and composition of employees, especially the professional skills and experience of managers and scientific and technological personnel. For example, no matter how high the registered capital of an enterprise is, if there are no corresponding managers, scientific and technological personnel and management culture concepts, the products produced by the enterprise will not be too competitive, so the profitability cannot be too strong, which will bring considerable risks to bank funds. Finally, check the other liabilities, financing and external guarantees of the enterprise, which should be implemented in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of External Guarantees and Guarantors of Borrowers formulated by the bank. Enterprises that exceed this standard will not be eligible for loans. Second, data analysis and collection. Check the history of the enterprise, whether there is a credit relationship with the bank, other capital transactions, bad records, guarantees, other personal liabilities and so on. First of all, we should look at the historical records of enterprises and banks as opposites. Through the analysis in the first step, a preliminary conclusion is drawn, and the feasibility, profitability, comprehensive ability of legal representative, other management personnel and financial personnel of the business project are investigated on the spot to find out whether the electricity consumption of the enterprise has increased or decreased significantly in the near future, and analyze the reasons, because the electricity consumption can basically reflect the production situation of the enterprise from the side. Among them, the financial statements of the last year should be signed by the financial department, and the balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement of the last month. Third, investigate the reasons for borrowing. The reason, purpose and plan of the borrower's loan application are the main contents of the pre-loan investigation. It is necessary to analyze whether the borrower applying for a loan has the basic conditions such as marketable products, profitable production and operation, no misappropriation of credit funds, and abiding by credit. Whether the business activities of the loan applicant are legal and meet the requirements of the national industrial policy and social development plan. Fourth, analysis and summary. After the analysis and summary of the above steps, we will further analyze the relevant situation of enterprises, specifically distinguish the product categories of enterprises, and treat different types of enterprises differently, so as to determine their loan term. For example, some enterprises have short production cycle, while others have long production cycle.