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Loan is a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds at a certain interest rate and must return them. Loans in a broad sense refer to loans, discounts, overdrafts and other borrowing funds. Banks put concentrated money and monetary funds out through loans, which can meet the needs of social expansion and reproduction and promote economic development. At the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation. The "three principles" refer to safety, liquidity and efficiency, and are the fundamental principles of commercial banks' loan operation. Commercial banks take safety, liquidity and efficiency as their operating principles, and the primary problems faced by commercial banks are self-management, self-risk, self-financing and self-disciplined loan security. Liquidity refers to the ability to recover the loan according to the predetermined time limit or realize it quickly without loss to meet the needs of customers to withdraw deposits at any time; Efficiency is the basis of sustainable operation of banks. For example, if a long-term loan is issued, the interest rate will be higher than that of a short-term loan, and the benefit will be good. However, if the loan term is long, the risk will increase, the security will decrease and the liquidity will weaken. Therefore, the "three natures" should be harmonious, so that there can be no problem with the loan.
Review the legal status of the borrower, including its legal establishment and continuous and effective existence. If it is an enterprise, it shall examine whether the borrower is legally established and whether it has the qualifications and qualifications to engage in related businesses, and check the business license and qualification certificate. Pay attention to whether the relevant certificates have passed the annual inspection or related verification. Regarding the credit status of the borrower, check whether the registered capital of the borrower is consistent with the loan; Examine whether there is a clear situation in registered capital flight; Past loans and repayments; And whether the borrower's product quality, environmental protection, tax payment and other illegal conditions may affect the repayment. Regarding the borrower's loan conditions, whether the borrower has opened basic account and general deposit accounts in accordance with relevant laws and regulations; Whether the foreign investment of the borrower (such as a company) exceeds 50% of its net assets; Whether the borrower's debt ratio meets the requirements of the lender; With regard to the guarantee, for the guarantor, the qualification, reputation and performance ability of the guarantor should be investigated.