What account should be recorded for bank loans?
Question 1: Which accounting account should be included in the company's repayment of bank loans? Which account was included in the past loans, and which account should be included in the existing repayments? .
If a short-term loan was included in the past loan, the current repayment is: short-term loan
Loan: bank deposit
If it was included in the past loan It is a long-term loan. When repaying, it is borrowed: long-term loan
Loan: bank deposit
Question 2: What accounting items are recorded for bank loans? Loans from banks should be recorded according to the length of time. Short-term borrowing and long-term borrowing accounts.
Assume that you borrowed 20,000 yuan from the bank and repaid it in 5 months. It is a short-term loan. The accounting entries are:
Debit: bank deposit 20,000
Loan: Short-term borrowing 20,000
If it is long-term, it is
Borrow: bank deposit 20,000
Loan: long-term borrowing 20,000
Short-term borrowing Both long-term borrowings and long-term borrowings are liability accounts. Increases are recorded on the credit side and decreases are recorded on the debit side. Bank deposits are asset accounts, with increases recorded on the debit side and decreases recorded on the credit side.
Question 3: What accounts do bank loans belong to? Loans belong to negative account accounts;
Detailed reasons:
Bank loan accounts belong to negative account accounts, mainly This is reflected in the fact that I apply for a loan to the bank, and then through the bank's approval, I owe the bank money, thus becoming a liability to the bank;
Depending on the length of time, it can be a short-term loan or a long-term loan;< /p>
Short-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings within one year, and long-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings of more than one year;
Loans refer to a financial act in which the creditor transfers the right to use funds to the debtor;< /p>
Bank loans mainly depend on your credit report and debt problems. If your debts are in good condition, you can apply for a loan from the bank.
Summary: Loan is a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds according to certain interest rates and must be returned. Loans in a broad sense refer to the general term for lending funds such as loans, discounts, and overdrafts. Banks invest their concentrated currency and monetary funds through loans, which can meet the society's need for supplementary funds to expand reproduction and promote economic development; at the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation. Loan refers to a financial behavior in which the creditor transfers the right to use funds to the debtor.
Question 4: What account should be included in the repayment of bank loan principal? The return of bank deposit principal should be included in the debit side of long-term borrowing or short-term borrowing.
The accounting entries are:
Debit: long-term borrowing/short-term borrowing
Credit: bank deposit/cash on hand
Question 5: How to record a loan from a bank? Borrow: bank deposits
Credit: short-term borrowings
Question 6: What are the accounting items for bank loans? Bank loans should be included in short-term borrowings/long-term borrowings.
The accounting entries are:
Debit: bank deposit
Loan: short (long) term borrowing---bank loan
Accounting Network Tips: Determine whether a short-term loan or a long-term loan is based on the length of the loan period; anything within three years can be classified as short-term borrowing, and anything over three years is included in long-term borrowing.
Question 7: What kind of account does a loan belong to? A loan belongs to a negative account:
Depending on the length of time, it can be a short-term loan or a long-term loan;
Short-term borrowing refers to a Bank borrowings within one year, long-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings over one year.
Question 8: How to set up the accounting account voucher for bank loans? 1. Loan entry; borrow: bank deposit--500
Loan: short-term borrowing---500
2. Ordinary interest preparation entry: borrow: financial expenses-- Interest expense (average sharing)
Loan: Interest payable --- bank
Question 9: What does "loan" in accounting subjects refer to? 1303 Loans 1. Enterprises accounted for in this subject ( Various customer loans issued by banks according to regulations, including mortgage loans, guaranteed loans, credit loans, etc.
Syndicated loans, trade financing, agreement overdrafts, credit card overdrafts, on-loans and advances issued by enterprises (banks) in accordance with regulations are accounted for in this account; "Syndicated Loans", "Trade Financing", etc. can also be set separately "Agreement overdraft", "credit card overdraft", "re-loan", "advance" and other items. Enterprise (insurance) policyholders can change this account to the "1303 Policyholder" account. For enterprise (pawn) and mortgage loans, this account can be changed to "1303" or "1305 mortgage loan" accounts. If an enterprise entrusts a bank or other financial institution to lend money to other units, this account can be changed to the "1303 entrusted loan" account. 2. This account can be detailedly calculated according to loan types and customers, such as "principal", "interest adjustment", "impaired", etc. 3. Main accounting processing of loans. (1) For loans issued by enterprises, this account (principal) should be debited according to the contract principal of the loan, and "deposits received", "money deposited with the central bank" and other accounts should be credited according to the actual amount paid. If there is a difference, , debit or credit this account (interest adjustment). On the balance sheet date, the interest receivable and uncollected shall be calculated and determined based on the contract principal and contract interest rate of the loan, and the "interest receivable" account shall be debited. The interest income shall be calculated and determined based on the amortized cost and actual interest rate of the loan, and shall be credited The "interest income" account is debited or credited according to the difference (interest adjustment). If the difference between the contract interest rate and the actual interest rate is small, the contract interest rate can also be used to calculate the interest income. When recovering a loan, accounts such as "Deposits Absorbed" and "Amounts Deposited with the Central Bank" should be debited according to the amount returned by the customer, and the "Interest Receivable" account should be credited according to the amount of interest receivable recovered, and the account "Interest Receivable" should be credited according to the amount of loan principal returned. , this account (principal) is credited, and the difference is credited to the "interest income" account. If there is an interest adjustment balance, it should also be carried forward at the same time. (2) On the balance sheet date, if it is determined that a loan is impaired, the "asset impairment loss" account will always be recorded and the "loan loss provision" account will be credited according to the amount that should be written down. At the same time, the balance of this account (principal and interest adjustment) should be transferred to this account (impaired), debited to this account (impaired), and credited to this account (principal and interest adjustment). On the balance sheet date, the interest income should be calculated and determined based on the amortized cost of the loan and the actual interest rate, and the "Loan Loss Provision" account will be debited and the "Interest Income" account will be credited. At the same time, the amount of interest receivable determined based on the contract principal and contract interest rate will be registered off-balance sheet. When recovering an impaired loan, the "deposits from customers" and "money deposited with the central bank" should be debited according to the actual amount received, and the "loan loss provision" account should be debited according to the relevant loan loss reserve balance, and the "loan loss reserve" account should be debited according to the relevant loan balance. , this account (impaired) is credited, and the difference is credited to the "asset impairment loss" account. For loans that are truly irrecoverable, they will be written off as bad debts after approval according to management authority. The "Loan Loss Provision" account will be debited and this account (impaired) will be credited. After approval according to management authority, the off-balance sheet interest receivable and uncollected will be written off to reduce the amount of the off-balance sheet "interest receivable and uncollected" account. If a loan that has been confirmed and written off is later recovered, this account (impaired) will be debited and the "loan loss provision" account will be credited based on the original impaired loan balance that was written off. According to the actual amount received, the accounts such as "Deposits from Abroad" and "Amounts Deposited with the Central Bank" are debited. According to the balance of the impaired loan that was originally written off, this account (impaired) is credited. According to the difference, the account is credited. "Asset impairment loss" account. 4. The debit balance at the end of this account reflects the amortized cost of loans issued by the enterprise in accordance with regulations and yet to be recovered.
Question 10: What accounts should be accrued for repaying the principal and interest of the loan? Long-term (or short-term) borrowing (principal), borrowing financial expenses (interest), borrowing bank deposits
Reference information:
What are bank loan subjects?
What types of subjects do loans belong to?
Loans are negative account subjects:
Depending on the length of time, you can borrow short-term or long-term loans;
Short-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings within one year, and long-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings of more than one year.
What is a loan?
You should know the equation in the question, right? Assets = Liabilities Owner's Equity
Loans A are generally included in short-term borrowings or long-term borrowings, both of which are liability accounts. Bank deposits are asset accounts. Deposits are repaid with loans. Bank deposits and loans are both at the same time. Decrease means both assets and liabilities decrease at the same time.
B The fact that you didn’t ask means that you know clearly. I will give you the entries and you will know. Regardless of the tax issue, borrow: accounts receivable and loan: main business income. The income will eventually be transferred to The undistributed profit account leads to an increase in undistributed profits. Undistributed profits are owners' equity accounts, and both assets and owners' equity increase at the same time
D borrowing money from the bank means increasing bank deposits and loans. , as mentioned in A, the loan is a liability account, and both assets and liabilities increase at the same time
The office supplies purchased by C are generally included in expenses, and the expenses will eventually be transferred to undistributed profits, resulting in undistributed profits. Distributed profits decrease, cash is paid, and assets decrease. Both assets and owner's equity decrease at the same time, which is similar to the increase in B. So the answer should be wrong! Choose ABCD
But given the answer, I guess the question is based on low-value consumables or other asset classes. Therefore, the result is an increase and decrease in assets at the same time, which does not affect the other part of the equation. side. I can't see this in the question you gave, so I can only guess like this!
What accounts should be recorded for loans from banks?
Various borrowings from banks or other financial institutions with a term of less than 1 year (including 1 year) are called short-term loans, and the borrowing period is All kinds of borrowings for more than one year are called long-term borrowings.
What accounting items are recorded for bank loans?
Loans from banks should be recorded in short-term borrowing and long-term borrowing accounts according to the length of time.
Suppose you borrowed 20,000 yuan from the bank and repaid it in 5 months. It is a short-term loan. The accounting entries are:
Debit: bank deposit 20,000
Loan: Short-term borrowing 20,000
If it is long-term, it is
Borrow: bank deposit 20,000
Loan: long-term borrowing 20,000
Short-term borrowing Both long-term borrowings and long-term borrowings are liability accounts. Increases are recorded on the credit side and decreases are recorded on the debit side. Bank deposits are asset accounts, with increases recorded on the debit side and decreases recorded on the credit side.
What accounts do bank loans belong to?
Loans belong to negative accounts;
Detailed reasons:
The accounts of bank loans belong to negative accounts. Such subjects are mainly reflected in the fact that I apply for a loan to the bank, and then through the bank's application, I owe the bank money, thus becoming a liability to the bank;
Depending on the length of time, it can be a short-term loan or Long-term loans;
Short-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings within one year, and long-term borrowings refer to bank borrowings of more than one year;
Loans refer to a type of transfer of the right to use funds from the creditor to the debtor. Financial behavior;
Bank loans mainly depend on your credit report and debt problems. If your debts are good, you can apply for a loan to the bank.
Summary: Loan is a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds according to certain interest rates and must be returned. Loans in a broad sense refer to the general term for lending funds such as loans, discounts, and overdrafts. Banks invest their concentrated currency and monetary funds through loans, which can meet the society's need for supplementary funds to expand reproduction and promote economic development; at the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation. Loan refers to a financial behavior in which the creditor transfers the right to use funds to the debtor.
What accounting subjects do loans belong to?
Loans are a special account for banks and other financial enterprises, and are asset accounts. Non-bank and other financial enterprises can set this account.
The accounting treatment principles for loans and receivables are generally the same as held to maturity. Specifically:
1. For loans issued by financial enterprises based on current market conditions, the sum of the principal of the loan and related transaction costs shall be the initial recognition amount. Generally, when an enterprise sells goods or provides services to external parties, the receivable claims shall generally be based on the contract or agreement price receivable from the purchaser as the initial recognition amount.
2. The interest income recognized during the loan holding period shall be calculated based on the actual interest rate. The actual interest rate shall be determined at the time the loan is obtained and shall remain unchanged for as long as the loan is overdue or for a shorter period of time. If the difference between the actual interest rate and the contract interest rate is small, the interest income can also be calculated based on the contract interest rate.
3. When an enterprise recovers or disposes of loans and receivables, the difference between the price obtained and the book value of the loan and receivables shall be included in the current profit and loss.
Accounting Entries
Set Account Settings
Loan - Principal
Loan - Interest Adjustment
Provision for loan losses
Loans - Impaired
(1) Loans that have not been impaired
(1) Loans issued by enterprises
Debit: loan - principal
Credit: absorb deposits, etc.
Loan - interest adjustment (the difference may be on the debit side)
(2) Debit on the balance sheet date: interest receivable (determined based on the contract principal of the loan and the contract interest rate)
Loan - interest adjustment (the difference may be on the debit side)
Credit: interest income (Determined based on the amortized cost of the loan and the actual interest rate)
(3) Recovery of the loan
Debit: absorbing deposits, etc.
Loan: loan - principal
Interest receivable
Interest income
(2) Impaired loans
(1) Impaired loans
Debit: asset impairment loss at the same time:
Debit: loan - impaired
Credit: loan loss provision
Credit: loan ( Principal, interest adjustment)
(2) Interest income
Debit: Loan loss provision (interest income determined based on loan amortization cost and actual interest rate)
< p>Loan: Interest incomeAt the same time, the amount of interest receivable determined based on the contract principal and contract interest rate will be registered off-balance sheet
(3) Loan recovery
< p>Debit: deposits from othersProvision for loan losses
Credit: loan - impaired
Asset impairment loss (difference)
(3) Loans that are truly irrecoverable
Debit: loan loss provision
Credit: loan - impaired
(4) Confirmed And write off the loans that were later recovered
Debit: Loans - Impaired
Debit: Deposits received, etc.
Credit: Loan loss provisions
Loan: Loan - Impaired
Asset impairment loss (difference)
What are the six major categories of accounting items?
1. Assets
11001 Cash on hand
21002 Bank deposits
31003 Central bank deposits
41011 Deposits with banks
51012 Other monetary funds
61021 Settlement reserves
71031 Deposits of margin
81101 Trading financial assets< /p>
91111 Financial assets purchased under resale agreements
101121 Notes receivable
111122 Accounts receivable
121123 Prepaid accounts
131131 Dividends receivable
141132 Interest receivable
151201 Subrogation recovery receivable
161211 Reinsurance accounts receivable
171212 Receivable reinsurance contract reserves
181221 Other receivables
191231 Bad debt provisions
201301 Discounted assets
211302 Placement funds
221303 Loans
231304 Loan loss provisions
241311 Agency redemption of securities
251321 Agency business assets
261401 Material Procurement
271402 Materials in Transit
281403 Raw Materials
291404 Material Cost Difference
301405 Inventory Goods
311406 Issue goods
321407 Price difference between purchase and sale of goods
331408 Entrusted processing materials
341411 Turnover materials
351421 Consumable organisms Assets
361431 Precious metals
371441 Debt-repossessed assets
381451 Surplus materials
391461 Financial lease assets
401471 Provision for inventory decline
<p>411501 Held-to-maturity investments
421502 Impairment provisions for held-to-maturity investments
431503 Available-for-sale financial assets
441511 Long-term equity investments
451512 Impairment provision for long-term equity investments
461521 Investment real estate
471531 Long-term receivables
481532 Unrealized financing income< /p>
491541 Deposited capital deposit
501601 Fixed assets
511602 Accumulated depreciation
521603 Fixed assets impairment provision
531604 Projects under construction
541605 Project materials
551606 Fixed assets liquidation
561611 Unguaranteed residual value
571621 Productive biological assets
581622 Accumulated depreciation of productive biological assets
591623 Public welfare biological assets
601631 Oil and gas assets
611632 Accumulated depreciation
621701 Intangible assets
631702 Accumulated amortization
641703 Impairment provision for intangible assets
651711 Goodwill
661801 Long term Amortized expenses
671811 Deferred income tax assets
681821 Separate account assets
691901 Pending property gains and losses
II. Liabilities< /p>
702001 Short-term borrowing
712002 Deposit as margin
722003 Loan funds
732004 Borrow from the Central Bank
742011 Deposits from customers
752012 Deposits from other banks
762021 Discount liabilities
772101 Trading financial liabilities
782111 Financial assets sold under repurchase agreements
792201 Notes payable
802202 Accounts payable
812203 Accounts received in advance
822211 Employee compensation payable
832221 Taxes payable
842231 Interest payable
852232 Dividends payable
862241 Other payables
872251 Policy dividends payable
882261 Reinsurance accounts payable
892311 Agency payment for securities trading
902312 Agency underwriting securities payment
912313 Agency payment for securities payment
922314 Agency business liabilities
932401 Deferred income
942501 Long-term borrowings
952502 Bonds payable
962601 Unexpired liabilities ......
What are the general ledger accounts?
1. Asset category
11001 Cash on hand Cash on hand of the enterprise
21002 Bank deposits Various amounts deposited by enterprises in banks or other financial institutions
31003 Deposits with the Central Bank Various amounts deposited by enterprises (banks) with the People's Bank of China (hereinafter referred to as the "Central Bank"), including business Allocate funds, handle intra-city bill exchanges and cross-system fund transfers in different places, withdraw or deposit cash, etc.
41011 Amounts deposited by interbank enterprises (banks) in domestic, overseas banks and non-bank financial institutions
51012 Bank draft deposits, cashier's check deposits, and credit cards of other monetary capital enterprises Deposits, letter of credit margin deposits, investment deposits, deposits from other places and other monetary funds.
61021 Settlement reserve fund is the amount of money deposited by an enterprise (securities) to a designated clearing agency for the purpose of fund clearing and settlement of securities transactions. The settlement fees charged by enterprises (securities) from customers and the settlement fees paid to stock exchanges.
71031 Deposit deposit refers to the various deposits that enterprises (finance) need to deposit or pay for business operations.
81101 Trading financial assets The fair value of trading financial assets such as bond investments, stock investments, and fund investments held by enterprises for trading purposes
91111 Financial assets purchased under resale agreements Funds raised by an enterprise (finance) from financial assets such as bills, securities, and loans that are purchased first and then resold at a fixed price in accordance with the resale agreement
101121 Notes receivable Enterprises sell goods and provide services Commercial bills of exchange received, including bank acceptance bills and commercial acceptance bills.
111122 Accounts receivable are the amounts that should be collected by the enterprise for selling goods, providing services and other business activities
121123 Prepayments are the amounts paid in advance by the enterprise in accordance with the provisions of the contract. If there are not many prepayments, you can also not set up this account and record the prepayments directly into the "Accounts Payable" account
131131 Dividends receivable Cash dividends that should be collected by the enterprise and distributions that should be collected from other units profit.
141132 Interest receivables include corporate trading financial assets, held-to-maturity investments, available-for-sale financial assets, loans, deposits with the central bank, placement funds, financial assets purchased for resale, etc. Interest charged.
151201 Subrogation recovery amount receivable from the enterprise (insurance) is the subrogation recovery amount recognized after assuming the responsibility for paying insurance premiums in accordance with the original insurance contract
161211 Reinsurance accounts receivable from the enterprise (insurance) ) Amounts receivable for engaging in reinsurance business
171212 Receivable reinsurance contract reserves Receivable unexpired liability reserves receivable recognized by an enterprise (reinsurance cedant) engaged in reinsurance business, and receivable reinsurance reserves Insurance liability reserves shared back by the recipient
181221 Other receivables include deposits of enterprises, except for deposits of deposits, financial assets purchased under resale agreements, notes receivable, accounts receivable, prepaid accounts, and dividends receivable. , interest receivable, subrogation receivables, reinsurance accounts receivable, reinsurance contract reserves receivable, long-term receivables, and other various receivables and temporary payments.
191231 Bad debt provision for enterprise receivables
201301 Discount assets Funds raised by enterprises (banks) for discounting and rediscounting of commercial bills.
211302 The amounts lent by lending companies (finance) to other domestic and overseas financial institutions
221303 Various customer loans issued by lending companies (banks) in accordance with regulations.
231304 Loan loss provision is the impairment provision for enterprise (bank) loans. Assets for which loan loss provisions are made include discounted assets, placement funds, customer loans, syndicated loans, trade financing, agreement overdrafts, credit card overdrafts, on-lending and advances, etc.
241311 Agency for redemption of securities companies ( Securities, banks, etc.) accept entrusted agents to redeem mature securities.
251321 Agency business assets are assets formed by agency business for which the enterprise does not bear risks.
261401 Material procurement companies use planned costs for daily accounting of materials and purchase costs of purchased materials.
271402 Materials in transit Enterprises use actual costs (or purchase prices) for daily accounting of materials, commodities and other materials, and the purchase costs of materials in transit that have been paid but have not been accepted into the warehouse.
281403 Raw Materials Enterprise...
What types of subjects are central bank deposits and loans? What are the bank accounting subjects that can be tested?
"Amounts deposited with the Central Bank" is an asset class account that accounts for various amounts deposited by enterprises (banks) with the People's Bank of China, including the allocation of business funds, handling intra-city bill exchanges, and cross-system fund transfers in different places. , withdraw or deposit cash, etc.
Loans are asset items. For banks, loans are an asset.
The exam mainly focuses on the accounting treatment of industrial enterprises. For the accounting treatment of financial enterprises, you only need to follow the example questions in the textbook and teacher's handouts.
What are the bank accounting subjects?
The first-level subjects include assets, liabilities, assets and liabilities, owner's equity and profit and loss, and below this are It includes nearly a hundred secondary subjects, taking assets as an example, including precious metals, deposits with the central bank, deposits with interbanks, placements with interbanks, trading financial assets, derivative financial assets, financial assets purchased under resale agreements, corporate loans, and trade. Financing, personal loans, discounts, rediscounts, advances, interest receivable, loan interest adjustments, dividends receivable, other receivables, available-for-sale financial assets, held-to-maturity investments, long-term equity investments, fixed assets, Asset liquidation, construction in progress, investment real estate, repossessed assets, intangible assets, goodwill, amortized expenses, deferred income tax assets, etc. deal with property losses and losses, loss provisions, bad debt provisions, and asset impairment provisions. For detailed information, the author can click on this link wenku.baidu/...8
What accounting items are recorded for bank loans?
The accounting treatment of bank loans is as follows:
1 , When receiving a loan
Borrow: bank deposit
Loan: Long-term borrowing
2. When accruing interest
Borrow: Finance Expenses
Loan: interest payable
3. Monthly repayment and interest
Debit: interest payable
Loan: bank deposit
Borrow: long-term loan
Loan: bank deposit
4. If it is repaid, it will look like this:
Borrow: Finance Fee - loan interest
Loan: bank deposit
Extended information
Long-term borrowing can be divided into: policy bank loans, commercial bank loans and loans from other financial institutions .
1. Policy bank loans refer to banks that perform national policy loan business and issue loans to key national construction projects or local government construction projects, usually long-term loans.
For example, the loans provided by the China Development Bank to meet the funding needs of enterprises to undertake national key projects also include export credit payments.
2. Commercial bank loans refer to loans provided by commercial banks to enterprises to meet the needs of enterprises for production and operation funds, including long-term and short-term loans.
3. Loans from other financial institutions mainly refer to trust investment loans in monetary and physical forms obtained from trust investment companies; various commercial medium- and long-term loans obtained from financial companies; projects and projects obtained from insurance companies. Property and other insurance loans.