Liabilities refer to the current obligations of an enterprise due to past transactions or events, which are expected to lead to the outflow of economic benefits from the enterprise. To confirm a current obligation as a liability, it is necessary to meet the definition of liability and the following two conditions:
1. The economic benefits related to this obligation are likely to flow out of the enterprise.
2. The amount of economic benefits flowing out in the future can be reliably measured.
Obligations related to contingencies are recognized as liabilities when the following three conditions are met at the same time, and are recognized and measured as estimated liabilities:
1. This obligation is the current obligation undertaken by the enterprise;
2. Fulfilling this obligation is likely to lead to the outflow of economic benefits from the enterprise;
3. The amount of this obligation can be measured reliably.
It's clear by comparison. The key point is that the current obligations are likely to flow out and can be measured reliably, and the contingencies are also formed by past transactions or events, so the estimated liabilities meet all the requirements of the definition and recognition conditions of liabilities.
Difference of contingent liabilities
One is that contingent liabilities may be potential obligations or current obligations, while expected liabilities are current obligations.
Second, the possibility of the outflow of economic benefits. For current liabilities, the expected liabilities account for more than 50% of the outflow possibility of enterprises, and the lower is contingent liabilities.
Question 2: What are the estimated liabilities? Whether the estimated liabilities are liabilities 1. Estimated liabilities generally reflect the current obligations that enterprises will undertake in the future. For example, the disposal expenses incurred when the fixed assets are scrapped, the product quality deposit paid in advance after the products are sold, and the pending litigation amount that may or basically determine the compensation, etc. 2. Estimated liabilities belong to liabilities.
280 1 estimated liabilities
1. This account accounts for the estimated liabilities of the enterprise, such as external guarantee, pending litigation, product quality assurance, restructuring obligation and loss contract.
Two, this course can be based on the formation of expected liabilities of transactions or events for detailed accounting.
Three, the main accounting treatment of estimated liabilities.
(1) The estimated liabilities arising from external guarantee, pending litigation and restructuring obligations of the enterprise shall be debited to "non-operating expenses" according to the determined amount and credited to this account. The estimated liabilities arising from product quality assurance shall be debited to the account of "sales expenses" according to the determined amount and credited to this account.
The estimated liabilities arising from the obligation to abandon assets shall be debited to the subject of "fixed assets" or "oil and gas assets" according to the determined amount and credited to this subject. Within the service life of fixed assets or oil and gas assets, determine the interest expenses that should be borne in each period through calculation, debit the "financial expenses" account and credit this account.
(two) the actual liquidation or write-off of the estimated liabilities, debit the subjects, credited to "bank deposits" and other subjects.
(3) If it is necessary to adjust the confirmed estimated liabilities according to conclusive evidence, adjust the increased estimated liabilities, debit the relevant subjects and credit the subjects; Adjust the reduced estimated liabilities and make the opposite accounting entries.
Four, the final credit balance of this course, reflecting the estimated liabilities that the enterprise has confirmed but has not yet paid.
Question 3: What kind of liabilities are long-term or short-term? The estimated liabilities are listed under the non-current liabilities in the balance sheet and belong to long-term liabilities according to the repayment period.
Question 4: What is the difference between estimated liabilities and liabilities? Estimated liabilities belong to liabilities, including not only estimated liabilities, but also taxes payable and accounts payable. In other words, the expected liability is a specific liability, and the liability is a general term for such subjects.
Question 5: Why are the estimated liabilities non-current liabilities? The estimated liabilities are due to the existence of contingencies. Contingency refers to an uncertain event formed by past transactions or events, and its result can only be determined by the occurrence or non-occurrence of a certain event in the future. So the estimated liabilities are also uncertain. General current liabilities are unique and certain, while estimated liabilities are uncertain, so they are classified as non-current liabilities.
Question 6: What subjects do the estimated liabilities belong to? Belong to the responsibility category, please refer to:
(1) Asset Category
1 100 1 cash
2 1002 bank deposit
3 1009 Other monetary funds
10090 1 foreign deposits
100902 cashier's check
100903 bank draft
100904 credit card
100905 l/c deposit
100906 investment deposit
4 1 10 1 short-term investment
110101stock
1 10 102 bonds
1 10 103 fund
1101kloc-0/0 others
5 1 102 short-term investment impairment reserve
6111/notes receivable
7 1 12 1 dividends receivable
8 1 122 interest receivable
9 1 13 1 accounts receivable
10 1 133 Other receivables
111/bad debt provision
121151prepayment
131161subsidies receivable
14 120 1 material procurement
151211raw materials
16 122 1 packaging
17 123 1 low-value consumables
18 1232 material cost variance
19 124 1 homemade semi-finished products
20 1243 goods in stock
2 1 1244 commodity purchase and sale price difference
22 125 1 entrusted processing materials
23 126 1 consignment
24 127 1 consignment goods
25 128 1 inventory depreciation reserve
26 129 1 installment delivery
27 130 1 prepaid expenses
28 140 1 long-term equity investment
140 10 1 stock investment
140 102 Other equity investments
29 1402 long-term debt investment
14020 1 bond investment
140202 other debt investment
30 142 1 long-term investment impairment reserve
3 1 143 1 entrusted loan
143 10 1 principal
143 102 interest
143 103 impairment reserve
32 150 1 fixed assets
33 1502 accumulated depreciation
34 1505 provision for impairment of fixed assets
35 160 1 engineering materials
160 10 1 special materials
160 102 special equipment
160 103 advance payment for large equipment
160 104 production tools and appliances
36 1603 Construction in progress
37 1605 Provision for impairment of construction in progress
38 170 1 Liquidation of Fixed Assets
39 180 1 intangible assets
40 1805 intangible assets impairment reserve
4 1 18 15 did not confirm the financing cost.
42 190 1 Long-term deferred expenses
43 19 1 1 Loss and overflow of pending property
1911kloc-0/loss and surplus of current assets to be handled.
19 1 102 loss and surplus of fixed assets to be handled.
(ii) Liabilities
44 2 10 1 short-term loans
45 2 1 1 1 notes payable
46 2 12 1 accounts payable
47 2 13 1 advance payment
48 2 14 1 consignment payment
49 2 15 1 Payables
50 2 153 benefits payable
5 1 2 16 1 dividend payable
52 2 17 1 tax payable
2 17 10 1 VAT payable
217101kloc-0/input tax
2 17 10 102 paid taxes
2 17 10 103 Transfer out unpaid VAT
2 17 10 104 tax relief
2 17 10 105 output tax
2 17 10 106 export tax rebate
2 17 10 107 input tax transfer-out
2 17 10 108 export tax rebate for domestic products
2 17 10 109 Transfer-out overpaid VAT
2171010 unpaid value-added tax
2 17 102 business tax payable
2 17 103 consumption tax payable
2 17 104 resource tax payable
2 17 105 income tax payable
2 17 106 land value-added tax payable
2 17 107 shall pay the urban maintenance and construction tax.
2 17 108 Property tax payable
2 17 109 payable land use tax
2 17 1 10 Travel tax payable
Personal income tax payable 217111
53 2 176 Other payables
54 2 18 1 other payables
55 2 19 1 accrued expenses
56 220......& gt& gt
Question 7: Why do the estimated liabilities belong to the category of liabilities? Please refer to:
(1) Asset Category
1 100 1 cash
2 1002 bank deposit
3 1009 Other monetary funds
10090 1 foreign deposits
100902 cashier's check
100903 bank draft
100904 credit card
100905 l/c deposit
100906 investment deposit
4 1 10 1 short-term investment
110101stock
1 10 102 bonds
1 10 103 fund
1101kloc-0/0 others
5 1 102 short-term investment impairment reserve
6111/notes receivable
7 1 12 1 dividends receivable
8 1 122 interest receivable
9 1 13 1 accounts receivable
10 1 133 Other receivables
111/bad debt provision
121151prepayment
131161subsidies receivable
14 120 1 material procurement
151211raw materials
16 122 1 packaging
17 123 1 low-value consumables
18 1232 material cost variance
19 124 1 homemade semi-finished products
20 1243 goods in stock
2 1 1244 commodity purchase and sale price difference
22 125 1 entrusted processing materials
23 126 1 consignment
24 127 1 consignment goods
25 128 1 inventory depreciation reserve
26 129 1 installment delivery
27 130 1 prepaid expenses
28 140 1 long-term equity investment
140 10 1 stock investment
140 102 Other equity investments
29 1402 long-term debt investment
14020 1 bond investment
140202 other debt investment
30 142 1 long-term investment impairment reserve
3 1 143 1 entrusted loan
143 10 1 principal
143 102 interest
143 103 impairment reserve
32 150 1 fixed assets
33 1502 accumulated depreciation
34 1505 provision for impairment of fixed assets
35 160 1 engineering materials
160 10 1 special materials
160 102 special equipment
160 103 advance payment for large equipment
160 104 production tools and appliances
36 1603 Construction in progress
37 1605 Provision for impairment of construction in progress
38 170 1 Liquidation of Fixed Assets
39 180 1 intangible assets
40 1805 intangible assets impairment reserve
4 1 18 15 did not confirm the financing cost.
42 190 1 Long-term deferred expenses
43 19 1 1 Loss and overflow of pending property
1911kloc-0/loss and surplus of current assets to be handled.
19 1 102 loss and surplus of fixed assets to be handled.
(ii) Liabilities
44 2 10 1 short-term loans
45 2 1 1 1 notes payable
46 2 12 1 accounts payable
47 2 13 1 advance payment
48 2 14 1 consignment payment
49 2 15 1 Payables
50 2 153 benefits payable
5 1 2 16 1 dividend payable
52 2 17 1 tax payable
2 17 10 1 VAT payable
217101kloc-0/input tax
2 17 10 102 paid taxes
2 17 10 103 Transfer out unpaid VAT
2 17 10 104 tax relief
2 17 10 105 output tax
2 17 10 106 export tax rebate
2 17 10 107 input tax transfer-out
2 17 10 108 export tax rebate for domestic products
2 17 10 109 Transfer-out overpaid VAT
2171010 unpaid value-added tax
2 17 102 business tax payable
2 17 103 consumption tax payable
2 17 104 resource tax payable
2 17 105 income tax payable
2 17 106 land value-added tax payable
2 17 107 shall pay the urban maintenance and construction tax.
2 17 108 Property tax payable
2 17 109 payable land use tax
2 17 1 10 Travel tax payable
Personal income tax payable 217111
53 2 176 Other payables
54 2 18 1 other payables
55 2 19 1 withholding > >
Question 8: Are the estimated liabilities recognized in accounting? Estimated liabilities The liabilities recognized by accounting enterprises according to relevant standards such as contingencies include
Provide external guarantee, pending litigation, product quality assurance, restructuring obligations, fixed assets and mining areas.
Estimated liabilities arising from the abandonment of obligations such as equity.
1. Book value and tax basis. The book value of estimated liabilities in accounting is based on contingencies.
Value judgment and confirmation of the estimated amount of payment standards.
The tax basis of estimated liabilities in tax law refers to the book value of estimated liabilities minus future periods.
When calculating taxable income, the amount that can be deducted according to the tax law. And confirm the estimated liabilities.
Whether the expenses incurred can be deducted before tax depends on whether the events that generate the estimated liabilities are normal for the enterprise.
In addition, production and business activities also depend on whether actual losses have occurred.
2. Factors that may lead to temporary differences. According to the Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No.65438 +03-or
There are matters ",the enterprise must judge whether there is pending litigation or arbitration, debt burden.
Guarantee, product quality assurance (including product safety assurance), commitment, loss contract, reorganization obligation,
Endorsement, transfer or discount of commercial acceptance bills, etc. And judge whether there are terms recognized as estimated liabilities.
First, it must be recognized as an estimated liability when the conditions are met. The tax law did not confirm the expected negative number.
Liabilities, only when this part of the loss actually occurs and is related to the normal production and operation activities of the company.
Can be deducted before tax, so the tax basis of the estimated liabilities is 0. When an enterprise confirms its estimated liabilities,
Assets that will generate deferred tax will be deducted from the actual payment when this part of the expected loss actually occurs.
Current income tax expense. What needs special explanation is that due to the provisions of the tax law and the lack of income.
All other expenses related to customs clearance shall not be deducted before tax, so the enterprise shall not be guaranteed by the guaranteed party.
The external guarantee loss of expenses is not allowed to be deducted before tax, so the loss is a permanent difference.
Question 9: Differences and connections between estimated liabilities and contingent liabilities. The estimated liabilities are known to be certain, but the amount is estimated.
Contingent liabilities mean that liabilities are uncertain, just for risk, so the amount is estimated.
Question 10: If the "estimated liabilities" are classified, what accounting elements, assets or liabilities do they belong to? Thank you. Estimated liabilities belong to current liabilities in the liability account.