First, the main manifestations of bank-enterprise disharmony
1. Enterprise financing difficulties. The financing difficulty of small and medium-sized enterprises is the bottleneck of the whole country and even the whole world. As a poverty-stricken county in mountainous areas, due to the shortage of working capital of enterprises, many enterprises with good growth, market and excellent benefits in our county can not produce at full capacity for a long time, and some even stop production or semi-stop production.
2. Banks cannot provide financial services. Finance is a special industry dealing with money. Subjectively speaking, banks have the responsibility and obligation to obtain good economic and social benefits through their own services. However, due to various constraints, financial services are difficult to reach the designated position. As far as our county is concerned, first, the organization is shrinking and there are few outlets. China Construction Bank and China Industrial and Commercial Bank withdrew from the county market on 1999 and 200 1 respectively. China Agricultural Bank has successively merged 15 township branches in the county, and almost all rural credit cooperatives have merged credit branches and credit cooperatives. Up to now, the number of financial outlets in the county has been reduced from more than 470 to less than 40, which objectively caused the absence of financial service subjects. Second, the service product is single. In addition to traditional credit products such as medium-and long-term loans and short-term loans, other financial innovation products in Zhuxi County are seriously inadequate, including commercial paper, corporate bonds, venture capital funds, industrial funds and property consultancy. Faced with the strong financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises, financial institutions can no longer meet the needs of development by relying solely on single credit supply.
Second, the main reasons for the disharmony between banks and enterprises
1, the financial ecological environment is not excellent. A good financial ecological environment is a huge intangible asset, which can bring great financing convenience to the local economy. The credit awareness of some small and medium-sized enterprises in our county is still not strong, bank loans cannot be repaid when they are due, and a few enterprises maliciously evade debts from time to time. Some enterprises' land and factories are leased, and the loans are unsecured or the mortgage procedures are not standardized. According to the regulations, banks cannot issue loans. There are also some enterprises whose internal financial management is not standardized, so it is difficult for banks to grasp the real financial situation of enterprises, and the loan risk is high, so they are unwilling to issue loans. Because of credit problems, banks have money to lend, and the benefits are not excellent; Enterprises are short of money and it is difficult to develop. This contradiction restricts the pace of economic development in our county.
2. Poor financial and credit channels. First, all commercial banks have implemented a strict loan approval system and obtained the loan approval authority. County-level branches only have the right to declare and initiate, and some can only issue low-amount pledged loans, which obviously weakens the role of credit support. At the same time, banks implement a strict credit accountability system. In order to avoid risks, credit officers have the psychology of "sparing loans" and "sparing loans", and even prefer not to lend in order to keep their jobs. Second, after the listing of state-owned commercial banks, the credit strategy has undergone fundamental changes. The clients are transferred to large and medium-sized cities, large and medium-sized enterprises, advantageous enterprises and advantageous industries, and a large amount of funds flow to other places. Commercial banks focus on supporting large enterprises and large projects, ignoring credit services for small and medium-sized enterprises and individual enterprises.
3. The cooperation between banks and enterprises is not close. The cooperation between financial departments and enterprises in our county is not close enough, and there is a lack of good cooperation mechanism and effective docking measures. The main reason is the problems left over from history, such as the loss of bank credit assets and the increase of non-performing assets caused by enterprise restructuring, which leads to the alienation and lack of trust between banks and enterprises. These problems directly damage the relationship between banks and enterprises, not only affect the confidence of banks in lending, but also affect the sustainable development of enterprises.
Third, building a harmonious relationship between banks and enterprises countermeasures and suggestions
At present, banks can't lend money and enterprises can't lend money, which restricts the healthy and rapid development of the economy. The effective way to break this bottleneck is for the government, banks and enterprises to cooperate and actively build a harmonious relationship between banks and enterprises.
1, the government should strive to create a good financial ecological environment. The environment is attractive, and the environment is also productive. A good credit environment can promote a win-win situation for banks and enterprises. First, effectively improve the financial credit environment. The government, the judiciary and relevant departments should bravely support financial institutions, support banks to collect loans and interest on schedule, severely crack down on malicious evasion of debts, and fundamentally eliminate the psychological fear of financial institutions. At the same time, actively strive for the "best financial credit unit", and extensively carry out the selection of "credit towns", "credit cooperatives" and "credit enterprises" to create a good social atmosphere of "honesty and trustworthiness". Really let "credit" become a "passport" to promote economic development. Second, actively guide and create conditions to encourage the establishment of village banks, small loan companies, rural mutual funds cooperatives and other financial institutions. The Third Plenary Session of the Seventeenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that it is necessary to establish the spirit of modern rural financial system and innovate the rural financial system. The establishment of local financial institutions can enhance the financing strength of enterprises and alleviate the pressure of capital shortage caused by insufficient investment. The third is to build a platform for cooperation between banks and enterprises. Strengthen the construction of credit guarantee institutions, increase the amount of guarantee funds, enlarge the guarantee multiple, play the role of intermediary and bridge between credit parties, and help enterprises solve mortgage problems. At the same time, give full play to the role of the SME Credit Promotion Association, and hold regular bank-enterprise symposiums and project fairs attended by relevant departments to form a situation of mutual cooperation and benign interaction among the government, banks, guarantee institutions and enterprises. The fourth is to establish an incentive mechanism. Assess financial institutions in terms of credit increment, key project support and credit environment construction, reward those who have made outstanding contributions to supporting county economic development, and improve the enthusiasm of financial departments.
2, the financial sector should strive to improve the level of financial services. Finance promotes economic development, and the economy determines the financial outlet. In view of the current international and domestic financial and economic situation, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have adopted a series of policies and measures to further expand domestic demand and promote economic growth. In particular, the central economic work conference held this month clearly stated that the primary task of economic work next year is to strengthen and improve macro-control, implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately loose monetary policy. As a grass-roots financial institution, we should seize the good opportunity of national macro-policy, correctly handle the relationship between promoting economic development and preventing risks, and firmly establish the concept of seeking greater development with service and support. It is necessary to formulate specific support measures for small and medium-sized enterprises and do everything possible to meet the capital needs of enterprises. Actively go deep into enterprises, towns and departments to publicize national financial policies, recommend credit products, and actively participate in the main battlefield of financial support for economic development. Innovate service methods, improve service level, and flexibly use various guarantee methods such as goods mortgage, land reserve mortgage and enterprise joint guarantee to open up green financing channels for enterprise development.
3. Enterprises should constantly enhance their sense of integrity. People can't stand without faith. Enterprises should not be short-sighted if they want to develop. First of all, we must enhance our competitiveness, improve various management systems, operate in compliance with the law, strive to become bigger and stronger, and actively create conditions to meet the financial and credit support conditions. Secondly, strengthen the credit construction of enterprises, establish a sense of honesty, strengthen the concept of legal system, and win the recognition of banks with good reputation. Third, actively communicate with the financial sector, strengthen contact with the financial sector, change mutual accusations between banks and enterprises into active communication, and truly establish long-term and good cooperative relations between banks and enterprises.