Category: Life>> Food/Cooking
Problem description:
I want to start a business, but I don’t have the funds and I want to get a loan from the bank 5 Ten thousand. I work in a hotel with a monthly income of more than 2,000. There is nothing else to pledge. I would like to ask, can I get a loan under such conditions?
Analysis:
According to a survey by the National Information Center, financing issues have become the primary focus of personal entrepreneurship, and more than 80% of entrepreneurs do not know how to get loans. Or they don't dare to borrow money at all, and the shortage of funds makes them miss the great "business opportunities".
However, what excites individual entrepreneurs is that Beijing-based financial institutions such as Bank of China, China Everbright Bank, Guangdong Development Bank, and China CITIC Bank have recently launched loan types specially designed for "individual entrepreneurs". Agricultural Bank of China and China Minsheng Banking Corporation are also planning larger loan plans. Individuals can completely raise funds through advance loans and realize their “dream of being a boss” step by step.
roll out. Loan methods can be specifically divided into two types: First, personal project investment loans, which are suitable for customers’ medium- and long-term large-amount investment capital needs and highlight the characteristics of venture capital. The longest loan term can be up to 5 years, and the maximum loan amount can be up to 10 million yuan. Differentiated repayment methods can also be customized according to customer needs, such as monthly or quarterly repayment of principal and interest; the second is personal short-term turnover loans It is suitable for customers’ short-term working capital needs and reflects the characteristics of business-assisted operations. The maximum loan amount of this product can reach 7 million yuan, and the loan period does not exceed one year. High-quality customers can also apply for a "one-time credit, revolving use" revolving loan, and recycle the loan within the once-approved credit limit.
China Everbright Bank has also launched “personal business assistance loans”. "Personal Business Assistance Loans" include multiple detailed products such as working capital loans for individuals and private owners, study abroad loans, student loans, and "construction machinery loans." According to the different loan methods, it can be divided into single loan (that is, the starting point of the one-time loan amount issued by the bank to qualified borrowers is 1,000 yuan, and the loan period cannot exceed 5 years) and loan line credit (that is, within the credit limit During the validity period, you can apply for a loan from the bank at any time, and the repaid portion of the loan limit can be recycled without repeated mortgages, pledges or guarantees).
The Beijing Branch of China Guangfa Bank launched the "Private 100" program for private and private enterprises, focusing on encouraging individuals to start private enterprises and the redevelopment of existing private enterprises. Among them, the "Entrepreneurship Insurance" series of financial products are based on the characteristics of individual shareholders of private enterprises who have relatively good property status. They provide individual credit lines to shareholders of private enterprises and provide them with houses, land and securities (including certificates of deposit, underwritten treasury bonds, etc.) ) personal entrepreneurial loans and company-individual joint loans under mortgage (pledge), joint liability guarantee of natural persons and legal representatives, and other guarantee methods approved by China Guangfa Bank.
■"Entrepreneurship loans" have certain "thresholds"
However, banks generally require three conditions: pledge, mortgage and guarantee when providing loans to enterprises or individuals. Collateral includes certificates of deposit, treasury bills, corporate bonds, etc. Collateral refers to real estate such as land, real estate, corporate equipment, etc. The guarantee is mainly fully or partially guaranteed by some guarantee companies recognized by banks. Investors need to pay attention to the fact that it is generally difficult to obtain a 100% loan with a pledge or mortgage. Taking a mortgage as an example, the loan amount may be 40% or 30% of the value of the mortgaged item, and the guarantee must be handed over to the guarantor. A significant expense to the company.
The reporter learned that in order to control risks and simplify various loan procedures, many banks have adopted a variety of means. For example, in view of the lack of talents and irregular financial management of some private enterprises in the entrepreneurial stage, China Guangfa Bank dispatched specialized talents to implement "credit coaching management" to enterprises, providing them with necessary consulting and consultation on banking business, accounting systems, credit ratings, etc. training, help enterprises establish a comprehensive credit system, and provide private enterprises with a full range of financial services such as deposits, settlements, collection and payment, information consulting, and financial consulting.
Both banks and enterprises achieve the purpose of jointly bearing business risks and jointly making profits.
■Personal entrepreneurship still needs policy support
Although personal entrepreneurship loans are warmly welcomed by the majority of self-employed individuals and private owners, there are still some problems that cannot be avoided. This type of business targets some small and medium-sized private enterprises. Its main body is an individual, but its nature is a company. It refers to loans aimed at small and medium-sized enterprise investment and business customers between corporate loans and personal consumption loans. Document No. 330 issued by the People's Bank of China in 2001 - "Notice of the People's Bank of China on Strictly Prohibiting the Issuance of Unspecified Personal Consumption Loans" clearly stipulates that no commercial bank shall issue personal consumption loans without specified purposes. This is mainly due to the flow of funds away from banks into the stock market. Therefore, banks are not willing to give up this huge credit market, but they have some concerns about it. In addition, the uncontrollable risks in entrepreneurship have also caused banks to raise the "threshold" for lending, which has also caused some entrepreneurs to question "entrepreneurship loans may look beautiful, but they are difficult to implement."
Recently, Tang Min, chief economist of the Asian Development Bank, said in an interview with reporters that some laid-off workers and unemployed people who are in great need of loans but cannot provide the deposit certificates and mortgage items required for loans. It's still hard to get a loan. Even if they are looking for a guarantee company, how can a guarantee company that has already been commercialized invest money in an individual whose own quality is not strong and whose business plan is full of "unknowns"? According to Tang Min, in countries such as the United States, banks usually provide certain investment training to unemployed people first. After investors determine their investment plans, they first start from "entrepreneurship funds" established by banks or social groups. Allocate part of the funds, and the entrepreneurs also allocate part of the funds to develop on a rolling basis, and then seek bank loan support after the enterprise reaches a certain scale. This approach is worthy of reference domestically.
In short, the current personal entrepreneurial loans are still in the initial stage of development and still need clear policy guidance. It is necessary to set up special management for small and medium-sized enterprises to make the funds and integrity of enterprises transparent. Only in this way can personal business loans go further and be more stable. Attachment: How to obtain the applicant's conditions for a personal business loan:
Personal investment and business loans are applicable to a wide range of applications, as long as they meet certain loan conditions and can provide bank-approved guarantees for individuals, individual industrial and commercial households, and individuals Sole proprietorships can apply for investment loans. In addition, each bank will have specific regulations.
Applicants must also provide relevant documents. For example, China Everbright Bank's construction machinery loan requires that the borrower's age plus the loan period must not exceed 65 years old. Customers of personal business-assisted loans must provide proof of personal identity, proof of income, description of the purpose of the funds, and supporting documents related to guarantees. Guarantee methods:
Banks generally require three conditions: pledge, mortgage and guarantee when providing loans to enterprises or individuals. Collateral includes certificates of deposit, treasury bills, corporate bonds, etc. Collateral refers to real estate such as land, real estate, corporate equipment, etc. The guarantee is mainly fully or partially guaranteed by some guarantee companies recognized by banks. The guarantee methods of Everbright Bank's personal business assistance loans include real estate mortgage, valuable document pledge and guarantee company guarantee, which can be used individually or in combination. The guarantee method for construction machinery mortgage loans is also very flexible: the purchased vehicle is used as a mortgage, and the dealer provides a full guarantee, and the insurance company provides performance guarantee insurance; the purchased vehicle is used as a mortgage, and the manufacturer provides the entire process. Repurchase guarantee or use sufficient property recognized by the bank (including real estate and valuable documents) as collateral\pledge. Loan amount and term:
Bank of China’s personal project investment loans are suitable for customers’ medium- and long-term large-amount investment capital needs. The maximum loan amount can reach 10 million yuan and the maximum loan term can reach 5 years. Personal short-term working capital loans are suitable for customers’ short-term working capital needs. The maximum loan amount can reach 7 million yuan and the loan period does not exceed 1 year. The starting amount of a single loan for personal business assistance from China Everbright Bank is 1,000 yuan, and the maximum loan term is no more than 5 years. The bank's maximum loan percentage for construction machinery loans is 70%, with a maximum term of no more than 3 years. Under normal circumstances, the loan credit limit is comprehensively determined based on the value and guarantee of the mortgage and pledged property, and shall not exceed the sum of the maximum loan amount and guaranteed limit calculated based on the value of the mortgaged property/pledged property and the corresponding mortgage/pledge rate. In other words, it is generally difficult to obtain a 100% loan with a pledge or mortgage.
The loan credit limit period (calculated based on the approval date) is generally no longer than 5 years, and must not exceed the validity period of the corresponding mortgage contract, pledge contract, and guarantee contract. Repayment methods:
Each bank has different methods. For example, personal project investment loans from Bank of China can repay principal and interest on a monthly or quarterly basis; Everbright Bank construction machinery mortgage loan borrowers can adopt two monthly repayment methods: the equal principal and interest repayment method and the equal principal repayment method. In addition to these two methods of personal business assistance loans, if the loan term is within one year (including one year), there is also a repayment method of paying off the principal along with the interest and repaying the principal upon maturity with monthly interest. Loan interest:
Loan interest will be a relatively large expenditure in a personal business loan. According to regulations of the People's Bank of China, the current interest rate for short-term loans within six months (inclusive) is 5.04%, the interest rate for short-term loans from six months to one year (inclusive) is 5.31%, and the interest rate for one to three years (inclusive) is 5.31%. The loan interest rate for three years) is 5.49%, the loan interest rate for three to five years (including five years) is 5.58%, and the loan interest rate for more than five years is 5.76%. In particular, lenders need to pay attention to the fact that banks have the right to impose a floating range of loan interest rates within 30% based on the risk of the loan. Since personal entrepreneurial investment loans are generally risky, banks are likely to raise interest rates. At the same time, when the loan interest rate is adjusted, newly issued loans will be subject to the new interest rate; if the original loan term is within 1 year (including one year), the contract interest rate will be applied and interest will not be calculated in installments; if the original loan term is more than 1 year, the annual interest rate will be applied. Adjustment, the latest regulations of the People's Bank of China will be implemented from January 1 of the next year.