First, strengthen the important role of financial management in the closing stage.
1. The financial management in the closing stage directly affects the completion of expressway construction.
The final accounts of expressway shall be compiled by the construction unit, and the whole construction process and financial status shall be summarized according to the actual quantity of materials consumed and the market price. The final accounts of completion is an important document for the construction unit to transfer the property rights of expressway to the users. Only when the final accounts are accurate, complete and true can the highway handover be completed quantitatively. According to the national regulations, the construction unit must provide the final accounts after the completion of the project in addition to the annual financial statements. The reason is that the contents of these two final accounts are completely different. The final accounts for completion are a comprehensive reflection of all financial conditions after the completion of the whole project, and the annual financial accounts cannot replace the general accounts. Although final accounts play an important role in project management, construction units often pay more attention to construction than accounting, lacking verification of fixed assets and project summary. There are phenomena such as incomplete collection of infrastructure data, incomplete final accounts and rough formulation, which leads to the disconnection between physical delivery and accounts. According to statistics, it has been more than three years since expressway was opened to traffic, and the final accounts of completion can't be made. After the completion of some units, the construction organization was revoked and the financial controller was dismissed, resulting in no one completing the final accounts. In order to put an end to these bad situations, we should strive to strengthen the examination and formulation of final accounts, clean up property, materials and debts, and prepare final accounts timely and accurately.
2. Strengthening the financial management in the closing stage is conducive to the acceptance and handover of the project.
Expressway project can be put into use only after it is accepted. The handover process of expressway includes training road operators, compiling acceptance outline, submitting technical documents and final accounts. Finally, the project was handed over. The closing process can remedy the whole project, and financial management plays an important role in financial support and supervision in the above process, so it is necessary to strictly budget and control separately. With the progress of technology, the progress of expressway's projects is accelerating, and the time from project start to put into use is shortening, but the supporting final accounts are relatively lagging behind, which seriously affects the smooth handover of the project and brings great hidden dangers to the safe operation in the future. Therefore, we should pay enough attention to the financial management in the final stage to ensure the smooth handover of the project.
3. Strengthening the financial management in the closing stage is beneficial to the smooth operation of the expressway project.
The ultimate goal of building expressway is to form tangible assets with practical value, get tangible benefits as soon as possible, and serve economic development. However, it is the responsibility of the project management department to realize the construction and smooth operation of the project, and it is not responsible for the collection of passage fees and maintenance fees after the use of expressway, which should be done by expressway. During the trial operation, the situation was different. The financial personnel of the construction project should not only complete the financial treatment in the settlement stage, including the final payment settlement, remedy the remaining problems, improve the asset management procedures, and supervise the timely arrival and issuance of the final payment; At the same time, it is also responsible for the division of income and expenditure and assets during the trial operation and the establishment of a standardized financial management accounting system for the normal operation in the future. The financial management in the closing stage plays an important role in the completion and transition of the project.
4. Strengthening the financial management in the closing stage is conducive to reducing costs.
In the checkout stage, financial problems are often concentrated on such problems as capital claims, income and expenditure settlement, project changes and so on, which have a large amount of accounting and are difficult to solve. In addition, there is a comprehensive liquidation of funds and an inventory of fixed assets, which are directly related to the cost of the expressway project. Only by strictly controlling financial management can we ensure that the problem of weak financial control caused by personnel changes is handled well in the closing stage, so as to prevent financial expenditure from exceeding the budget and contract provisions and prevent financial out of control.
Second, the main measures to strengthen financial management in the closing stage
1. Strengthen the management of loan accounts of international financial organizations.
Expressway projects of international financial organizations are allocated by the government step by step, and need to be approved by the foreign exchange administration department and the People's Bank of China to open accounts in designated banks. Only the original project implementation unit can open an account for withdrawal. Before the end of the project, in order to ensure the smooth withdrawal of funds and the completion of foreign currency exchange procedures, the project construction unit should retain relevant financial personnel to continue to complete the loan management, and then stop using or transferring money after payment is completed.
Another problem that will be encountered in international loans is foreign exchange loans for bundled projects. During the construction of expressway, in order to raise enough funds, we often get project loans from the World Bank or the Asian Development Bank. At the beginning, the interest and commitment fee shall be borne by the main project, and at the end of the project, part of the interest and commitment fee shall be paid. According to past experience, such project approval and management, with the participation and support of provincial departments, is more conducive to management.
2. Strengthen the financial management in the closing stage of operating projects.
Operating expressway accounts for the largest proportion in quantity, so we must pay attention to the financial supervision of this kind of expressway. In the past, the competent authorities only paid attention to the construction management and the availability of funds in the early and middle stages of construction projects, ignoring the use of funds in the later stage. As a result, in the actual delivery, there is a large amount of fund gap at the end of the operating expressway, and the phenomenon of default in project payment is very common. Sometimes it is required to increase the estimated investment or extend the charging period at the time of delivery, which will affect the smooth completion of expressway network. According to the Regulations on the Management of Toll Roads, the franchise period of operating expressway shall not exceed 25-30 years, that is, the period from the start of project investment and construction to the free return of assets to the country at the end of operation is only the transfer of asset management rights, and its asset ownership still belongs to the country. Therefore, according to the national requirements for the management of new fixed assets in capital construction, in the process of comprehensively cleaning up creditor's rights and debts, comprehensively cleaning up capital assets, accepting state audit, handling final accounts and improving post-project evaluation, we should still strengthen the supervision of capital assets in the closing stage of operating expressway projects according to laws and regulations and franchise contracts.
3. Establish the management center for the closing stage of expressway project.
Expressway's final stage work, especially its financial management, is highly legal, technical and operable. At present, many projects in expressway are in the final stage, and the final accounts are obviously lagging behind. In order to reduce the construction cost, prevent the loss of state-owned assets, correctly check the value of newly-added fixed assets, go through the procedures for the delivery and use of fixed assets, accept the project audit and post-evaluation, further improve the quality of financial work in the later stage of expressway project, promote the standardization of construction management in expressway, and comprehensively enhance the flattening effect of expressway, at this stage, a financial-led expressway project closing management center should be established within the expressway Administration Bureau of the province to be responsible for the closing stage of expressway project, and guide, coordinate and supervise the settlement, final accounts and handover in the closing stage.
References:
[1] Guo. On the Financial Management of Highway Maintenance Project [J]. Shanxi Architecture, 2004(4).
[2] Zeng Wu: Management of Construction Funds in expressway [J]. Highway Traffic Technology, 2005(2).