L, the boundaries between fraud and lending behavior. For some reason, if the borrower fails to pay back for a long time, or fabricates a lie or conceals the truth to defraud money and materials, and cannot repay them at maturity, as long as there is no purpose of illegal possession, no profligacy, no breach of contract, no fraud or deception, and there is a real intention to repay, it still belongs to a loan dispute and does not constitute a crime of fraud.
2. The boundary between the crime of fraud and the act of defaulting on payment on behalf of others. In the name of buying goods in short supply on behalf of others, taking the payment without buying anything, misappropriating the payment without authorization, defaulting on repayment, etc., we should focus on its real purpose, the relationship between the two parties, the cause of the incident, the specific behavior of the agent, the plot and consequences of breach of contract, and correctly judge whether it has the intention of illegal possession. If you can obviously want to buy it, but you still want to return it because you can't buy it for misappropriation, you can't be punished as fraud. Anyone who swindles in the name of purchase, defrauds a large amount of property, squanders money, has no intention to return it at all, and is unable to return it, should be punished as fraud.
3. The boundary between fraud and fund-raising enterprises concealing debts due to losses. If it is indeed a fund-raising enterprise, but because of poor management, loss of debt, going out to avoid debt, or property debt disputes. This is essentially different from fraudsters who abscond with money for the purpose of illegal possession in the name of raising funds to run enterprises.
(2) The boundary between this crime and the crime of swindling and cheating.
Both use deception, and the latter may also obtain property benefits, which are the same; But the subjective purpose, criminal means, the amount of property and the object of infringement are all different. The crime of swindling and cheating is a swindling and cheating act aimed at defrauding all kinds of illegal interests, pretending to be a state functionary, and damaging the prestige of state organs, social public interests or citizens' legitimate rights and interests. The fraud not only includes property (but not limited to the amount), but also includes work, position, honor, etc., which belongs to the crime of disturbing social management order. Criminals impersonate state functionaries to defraud public and private property, which infringes on property rights and damages the prestige and normal activities of state organs. They are implicated offenders, and the charges should be determined according to the main object and main harmfulness of the behavior. If the amount of property defrauded is not large, but the prestige of state organs is seriously damaged, it should be punished as the crime of swindling and cheating; Otherwise, it is defined as fraud. If two kinds of objects seriously infringe, they are generally treated as fraud according to the principle of one felony. Two kinds of crimes have been committed independently, and if they are not related to each other, they shall be dealt with according to the principle of combined punishment for several crimes.
(3) The boundary between this crime and other fraud crimes stipulated in this Law.
The remaining chapters of this law respectively stipulate crimes such as fund-raising fraud, loan fraud, financial bill fraud, letter of credit fraud, credit card fraud, securities fraud, insurance fraud and contract fraud. These fraud crimes are the same as this crime in subjective and objective aspects, but they are different in subject, criminal means, subject elements and objects, which are easy to distinguish. Therefore, this article stipulates that "if there are other provisions in this law, those provisions shall prevail."