This related actuarial book is actually a very simple question. After receiving the money, it will be given a one-time discount of 02% of the total amount of 65438+, so the actual loan is 88% of the loan contract amount. As for whether the consortium starts paying interest at the beginning or the end of the second year, it will affect the relevant calculation. Assuming that the market remains unchanged, let's assume that the interest rate is x%. Take the interest paid in the second year as an example: 65,438+03% of the total amount (note: as shown in the figure below, it is not directly related to the amount of principal), then the discounted value of the interest in the third year is 65,438+03%/(65,438+0x%). =13% [1(1x%)1(1x%) 21(1x%) 3 ... Similarly, if the interest is paid at the end of the second year, the formula is 88% >: =131(1x%) 31(1x%). Because the converted present value will be affected every year, if the risk of paying the relevant interest in the first year is small, you can basically get a larger income. If it is the latter, it will be greatly affected by interest rate fluctuations because of the increase. Because the interest rate of the former has reached such a high level and is basically stable. If it is not the latter, the interest rate is one percentage point lower. But with the passage of time, the risk of interest rate fluctuation increases and the interest rate level is not too high, so we can know that this interest rate is not very secure. As for your later question, I don't want to answer it any more, because it is mainly affected by interest rate fluctuations. As long as the relevant model is established, it can be calculated. Related profits and profits are just unreliable data. As for the percentage of the total, we can guarantee that we can't give a clear answer. Besides, ordinary banks don't repay money like this. You are talking about a consortium. I'm not sure, but if they do, their repayment amount will change with the change of interest rate, but they usually make a plan to repay the principal and interest, and finally the profits they earn are basically certain at the beginning.
Second, how to calculate the yield?
How should the return on investment be calculated?
ROI (Return on Investment) is a relatively simple concept, which refers to the degree of return on investment made by enterprises. IDC says ROI is the net income of investments of different scales (including reduced costs and increased income). Specification simplification
ROI= income/investment×100% How to calculate the return on investment?
Here's how to calculate the return on investment:
1 first calculate the amount of property you have at the end of a business, which is called your final property and a.
Deduct your initial investment in the company. The initial investment becomes the initial property of you and B.
Divide the result by your initial attribute.
Finally, multiply it by 100, which represents your return percentage. Formula: A-BB× 100=ROI (return on investment)
For example, you find that the church is planning to hold an arts and crafts competition for local children. They need to prepare 50 screen-printed shirts for the children. You went to the wholesale market and bought 50 shirts at $4 each, which cost $200: 50 shirts × $4 each = $200.
Then you sell this shirt to the church for $400. Using the above four steps, what is your return on investment? $400-$200 $200 = $200 $200 =1×100 = 100% The return on investment is100%.
Here is a simple way to remember the formula: what you get, what you pay × 100%= return on investment. The total formula is = annual profit/total investment.
2. Profit: The annual profit indicates how much money you expect to earn on average each year by investing in this project. This is your own estimate. For example, if you sell 800,000 yuan a year for this project, your investment cost is 700,000 yuan, and your net profit this year is 6,543,800 yuan.
3. Total investment: = capitalized interest of original total investment. Among them, the original total investment is the sum of all expenses during your project construction. Capitalized interest means that if your project is built by loan, the interest generated from the beginning of construction to the completion of the project is capitalized interest. In layman's terms
Your enterprise plans to do it for five years, and the initial investment is: fixed assets 65438+ 10,000, labor 50,000, and other initial investment 50,000. (Fixed fee of 40,000 yuan per year for five years)
In the first year, the net profit was 654.38+million, and the expense materials were 460,000.
Return on investment in the first year =10/(464)100% = 20%.
In the second year, the net profit was 200,000, and the expenses and materials were 460,000.
Return on investment in the second year =20/(464) 100%=40%.
The key point here is the allocation of upfront investment. If your upfront investment benefits for a longer period of time, your annual distribution will be less.
How to calculate the return on investment?
Do you want to take the exam or do the math yourself? If you want to take the exam, you'd better look through the books. If you start your own business, I'll help you solve it. See below:
_ The annual return on investment is ((3300-40000/24)12)/80000 = 25%.
This is about 25%, and the annual rate of return is already very high.
At present, the annual rate of return of urban rental is about 5%, and the annual rate of return of bank loans is about 5%-8%. If the gray income is included, it will not exceed 16%.
Explain that the annual rate of return is actually: [your annual income (3300 12)]/[ your initial investment is 80,000 yuan], but this is based on your 80,000 yuan unchanged. Now your 80,000 yuan has become 40,000 yuan in two years, which means that you will reduce 20,000 yuan every year. Then your annual income (3300 12) minus 20000 divided by 80000 is your annual rate of return.
You are looking back at this formula "((3300-40000/24)12)/80000 = 25%).
40000/24 is the money you change every month, and 3300-40000/24 is your actual income 1 month. Multiplying this money by 12 is your actual income 1, and dividing it by your total investment is your annual rate of return.
Thank you. I hope I can help you.
If it is only an investment, it is an investment with a high rate of return. Be careful.
But if this is a project, it may not be a good project, because you have to spend time managing and maintaining it, that is, your salary, which you haven't considered yet.
How to calculate the return on investment
"Investment" refers to putting your personal money, time or energy into something you expect to make a profit or have a satisfactory return. Starting your own company is a big investment in using your own resources. What kind of company have you decided to start? Is this the best investment of your money, time and energy? In this chapter, we will study the methods used by top businessmen in making such decisions. _
Return on investment _
Starting a business means investing your time, energy and money in a long-term and daily way. You do this because you believe that one day the return of the company will be greater than the value of the time, energy and money invested at present. Inadvertently, you have calculated your return on investment and found that the return is acceptable. _
Businessmen need to know what their return on investment is. Usually, the rate of return is called the rate of return on investment.
St ment ("return return" means "profit" and the prepositiON "on" means "division") is expressed as the percentage of initial investment. _
It is found that any young person can learn to calculate the rate of return. In a new company, seeing the rate of return is extremely important for a new entrepreneur to make decisions. Starting from $32,000, we have calculated how much return this investment can bring for every penny spent. Ask yourself: can this expenditure improve the return on investment? This constant analysis is really helpful. _
How to calculate the return on investment _
Here's how to calculate your return on investment: _ _
1_ First, calculate the amount of property you have at the end of an enterprise, which is called your final property and A. _
2_ Deduct your initial investment in the company. The initial investment becomes the initial property of you and B.
3_ Divide the result by your initial attribute. _
4_ Finally multiply by 100 to represent your return percentage. __
Formula: A-BB× 100=ROI (return on investment) _ _
For example, you find that the church is planning to hold an arts and crafts competition for local children. They need to prepare 50 screen-printed shirts for the children. You went to the wholesale market and bought 50 shirts at $4 each, while * * * spent $200: _ _
50 shirts ×4 USD/piece =200 USD _ _
Then you sell this shirt to the church for $400. Using the above four steps, what is your return on investment? __
$400-$200 $200 = $200 $200 =1×100 =100% _
The return on investment is 100%. _
What does ebata mean by yield? How to calculate?
Return on net assets, also known as return on net assets, refers to the return on investment obtained by ordinary investors. (Return on shareholders' equity).
Return on net assets = (pre-tax net profit-preferred stock dividend) ÷ (shareholders' equity) × 100%
The share capital or net stock value, book value or net capital value of common stock is the sum of the company's share capital, reserve fund and retained earnings. The return on shareholders' equity means the return on investment obtained by ordinary stock investors entrusting company managers to use their funds, so the larger the value, the better.
Calculation formula of return on investment
Return on investment (ROI)= annual profit or average annual profit/total investment × 100%. As can be seen from the formula, enterprises can improve profit margins by reducing sales costs; Improve the efficiency of asset utilization to improve the return on investment. The advantage of return on investment (ROI) lies in its simple calculation. Return on investment (ROI) is usually time-sensitive-the return is usually based on a specific year.
How to calculate the return on investment?
Friend, the return on investment is the ratio of investment to profit! For example, if you invest 1000 yuan to buy a batch of goods and then sell them at 1500 yuan, then your return on investment should be (1500- 1000) divided by 1000 and then multiplied by 100%. Besides, what do you mean by earning a return on investment? As for how high it is, it depends purely on your ability and luck. I hope you can understand. Goodbye!
How should the return on investment be calculated?
Calculation method of return on investment:
Calculate the return on investment after purchase and re-lease = monthly rent × 12 (month)/selling price.
Calculate the return on investment after buying and selling = (selling price-buying price)/buying price.
For example, there is a street shop with an area of about 50 square meters and a price of about 2 million. The monthly rent of the same property around this property is about 400 yuan/square meter, that is to say, if this shop is bought and successfully rented, the new owner may get a monthly rent of 20,000 yuan. So, what is its return on investment? Calculation: Apply the above calculation formula: the return on investment of this property = 20,000 yuan ×12/2 million yuan. Through calculation, the return on investment of this property will be: 12%. If this investor is released and trades at 2 150000 yuan, its return on investment will be = (2 15-.
Calculation formula of return on investment
How much is your loan? According to the current second-home policy, if 220,000 yuan is the total house price and the down payment is 40%, the loan will be132,000 yuan. If the annual interest rate is 6.9%, the monthly repayment is 759, and the income is greater than the deposit. High cost performance.
3. What is the rate of return on the loan?
This consortium must have made a profit. If you read the relevant actuarial books, this is actually a very simple question. After receiving the money, it will be given a one-time discount of 02% of the total amount of 65438+, so the actual loan is 88% of the loan contract amount. As for whether to start to calculate interest at the interest rate of 13% of the annual total in the second year, only the beginning or the end of the second year will affect the relevant calculation.
Assuming that the long-term loan interest rate in the market remains unchanged under any circumstances, let this interest rate be x%, and take the interest paid in the second year as an example: 13% of the total amount (note: the following figures are only expressed in percentage, because there is no direct relationship with the amount of principal), then the converted present value of this fund is13%/(1x). =13% [1(1x%)1(1x%) 21(1x%) 3 ... In the same way, if the interest payment starts at the end of the second year, the formula is 88% >: =13% [1(1x%) 21(1x%) 31/. Because the repayment is consistent every year, and the change of interest rate directly affects the converted present value, if the risk of paying relevant interest in one year is small, you can basically get greater benefits. If it is the latter, the related profit will decrease because of the increase of a discount rate, and it will be greatly affected by interest rate fluctuations. Because of the higher interest rate of the former, in rare cases, the market interest rate will reach such a high level, which is basically a stable profit. If it is not the latter, the interest rate will be one percentage point lower, but the risk of interest rate fluctuation will increase with time, and the interest rate level will not be too high. If the market interest rate level is higher than this interest rate, we can know that this interest rate is not very guaranteed.
As for your later question, I don't want to answer it any more, because it is mainly affected by interest rate fluctuations. As long as the relevant model is established, it can be calculated. Related profits and profits are just unreliable data. As for the percentage of the total, we can guarantee that we can't give a clear answer.
Besides, ordinary banks don't repay money like this. You are talking about a consortium. I'm not sure, but if they do, their repayment amount will change with the change of interest rate, but they usually make a plan to repay the principal and interest, and finally the profits they earn are basically certain at the beginning.
4. What is the loan yield?
Loan yield:
Loan yield, also known as benchmark discount rate, is the lowest acceptable income level of investment projects determined by enterprises or industries or investors from a dynamic perspective;
It is the valuation of the time value of project funds by investment decision makers;
The determination of benchmark rate of return is not only limited by objective conditions, but also influenced by investors' subjective wishes.
The benchmark rate of return represents the evaluation of the time value of project funds by investment decision makers, which is the lowest profit rate level that investment funds should obtain, the basis for evaluating and judging whether the investment scheme is economically feasible, and an important economic parameter;
The benchmark rate of return mainly depends on the composition of capital sources, opportunity cost of investment, project risk and inflation rate.