Loan is a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds at a certain interest rate and must return them. Loans in a broad sense refer to loans, discounts, overdrafts and other borrowing funds. Banks put concentrated money and monetary funds out through loans, which can meet the needs of social expansion and reproduction and promote economic development. At the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation. The "three principles" refer to safety, liquidity and efficiency, and are the fundamental principles of commercial banks' loan operation. Article 4 of People's Republic of China (PRC) Commercial Bank Law stipulates: "Commercial banks should operate independently, bear their own risks, be responsible for their own profits and losses, and be self-disciplined, and take safety, liquidity and efficiency as their operating principles."
Repayment method: (1) equal principal and interest repayment method: equal repayment every month, and repayment of the sum of loan principal and interest. Most banks have adopted this method for housing provident fund loans and commercial personal housing loans. So the monthly repayment amount is the same; (2) average capital repayment method: that is, the borrower distributes the loan amount to each period (month) evenly throughout the repayment period and pays off the loan interest from the previous trading day to the repayment date. In this way, the monthly repayment amount decreases month by month; (3) Paying interest and principal on a monthly basis: that is, the borrower repays the loan principal in one lump sum on the loan maturity date (applicable to loans with a term of less than one year (including one year)), and the loan bears interest on a daily basis and the interest is repaid on a monthly basis; (4) Repaying part of the loan in advance: that is, the borrower can repay part of the loan amount in advance when applying to the bank, and the general amount is an integer multiple of 1 1,000 or 1 1,000. After repayment, the loan bank will issue a new repayment plan, in which the repayment amount and repayment period are changed, but the repayment method remains unchanged, and the new repayment period shall not exceed the original loan period; (5) prepayment of all loans: that is, the borrower can repay all the loan amount in advance when applying to the bank, and the loan bank will terminate the borrower's loan at this time after repayment and handle the corresponding cancellation procedures. (6) Pay back as you borrow: interest is calculated on a daily basis after borrowing, and interest is calculated on a daily basis. You can pay the money in one lump sum at any time without any penalty.