Deposits and loans are the most common financial business of major banks, and the difference between loan interest and deposit interest is the main source of profits for banks. To calculate interest, you need to know the corresponding interest rate level. Speaking of the word interest rate, we may come into contact with it every day, but do you really know it? Here I will come to you to learn the interest rate.

The concept of interest rate

Interest rate is the ratio of interest amount to principal in a certain period. According to the length of the loan period, there are annual interest rate, monthly interest rate and daily interest rate, which are expressed by percentage, thousandth ratio and ten thousandth ratio respectively. If the daily interest rate of a credit card is five ten thousandths, it can be expressed as 0.5‰.

Interest rate classification

Interest rate can be divided into fixed interest rate and floating interest rate: fixed interest rate refers to the interest rate that does not change up and down with the changes of external factors such as interest rate policy, capital supply and demand within the period stipulated in the loan contract; Floating interest rate refers to the interest rate that is adjusted with the interest rate policy or a certain market interest rate at a specific time according to the agreement within the term of the loan contract. There are two kinds of common mortgage loans: fixed interest rate and floating interest rate, depending on the loan contract signed between the borrower and the bank.

To understand the difference between the two, please refer to the difference between fixed interest rate and floating interest rate.

Benchmark deposit and loan interest rate

Also called benchmark interest rate, it is the interest rate standard published by the People's Bank of China, which is divided into deposit benchmark interest rate and loan benchmark interest rate. Other interest rate levels or financial capital prices can be determined according to the benchmark interest rate level. For example, the interest rate of private lending shall not exceed 4 times the benchmark interest rate.

Benchmark deposit rate

At present, the central bank has liberalized the deposit interest rate ceiling (canceling the floating ceiling of 1.5 times), that is, commercial banks can determine the deposit interest rate independently and are no longer controlled by the central bank.

Benchmark lending rate

From July 20, 2003 to July 20, 2065438, the central bank announced the full liberalization of the loan interest rate control (canceling the lower limit of 0.7 times the loan of financial institutions), and financial institutions decided the loan interest rate level independently.

Attachment: 20 16 latest central bank deposit and loan benchmark interest rate.

Urban and rural residents and corporate deposit interest rate (1) Current deposit 0.35%(2) Three-month lump-sum deposit 1. 10% for half a year 1.30% for one year 1.50% for two years 2./kloc

Second, the knowledge about deposits and loans.

What is the benchmark interest rate for deposits and loans? What are the main contents of the benchmark interest rate policy for deposits and loans in China? Paragraph 2 of Article 22 of the Law of the People's Bank of China stipulates: "The People's Bank of China can implement monetary policy by using the following monetary policy tools: (2) Determine the benchmark interest rate for deposits and loans of the central bank;" Interest rate is the abbreviation of interest rate, which refers to the ratio of interest to the amount deposited or lent in a certain period of time, which is determined by the relationship between supply and demand of funds. There are three kinds of interest rates in China: one is the deposit and loan interest rate of the People's Bank of China to commercial banks and other financial institutions, that is, the benchmark interest rate, also known as the legal interest rate; Second, the deposit and loan interest rate of commercial banks to enterprises and individuals is called commercial bank interest rate; Third, the interest rate in the financial market is called the market interest rate. Among them, the benchmark interest rate is the core, which plays a key role in the whole financial market and interest rate system, and its change determines the change of other interest rates. The benchmark interest rate is one of the important means for China's central bank to achieve monetary policy objectives, and the basis for setting the benchmark interest rate for deposits and loans can only be the monetary policy objectives. When the focus of policy objectives changes, the interest rate as a policy tool should also change. Different interest rate levels reflect different policy requirements. When the focus of the policy is to stabilize the currency, the central bank loan interest rate should be raised in time to curb overheated demand. On the contrary, it should be lowered in due course.

Third, what are deposits and loans?

Spread out completely

The act of keeping different amounts of funds in the bank for a certain period of time and earning a certain interest income is called deposit.

Deposit type

Bank deposits are divided into four categories according to their economic nature: corporate deposits, financial deposits, rural collective deposits and savings deposits, as well as trust deposits and foreign exchange deposits. According to the length of deposit, it is divided into demand deposit and time deposit.

enterprise deposit

Enterprise deposits, including industrial and commercial enterprise settlement account deposits and special fund account deposits. Deposits of clearing households are temporarily idle funds in production and operation, mostly short-term turnover. Depositors of special funds are funds with specific purposes deposited by enterprises in accordance with state regulations, and the storage period is relatively long. The ratio of corporate deposits to total deposits in Zibo is generally around 40%. At the end of 1985, the deposit balance of Zibo company was 54 1 140000 yuan, which was 66.8 times higher than that of 1952.

Public finance bank deposit

Fiscal deposits, including fiscal treasury deposits, institutional group deposits and capital construction deposits. The nature of deposit is mainly "through" funds, which are deposited first and then paid, which is greatly influenced by the payment method and deposit and withdrawal time. The proportion of such deposits in total deposits is generally around 20% before 1978. After 1978, with the change of bank deposit structure, the proportion of fiscal deposits decreased. 1985 accounts for 7.2% of all deposits.

Rural collective deposit

Rural collective deposits include cooperative agricultural deposits, deposits of township enterprises and institutions, contracted and self-employed deposits, and collective time deposits. There are both short-term working capital and long-term accumulated capital. Rural deposits are greatly affected by the seasonality of agricultural production, accounting for about 10% of all deposits. At the end of 1985, the balance of rural deposits was 313170,000 yuan, accounting for 20% of all deposits.

savings deposit

There are six kinds of savings deposits: current savings, fixed savings, lump-sum savings, prize-winning fixed savings and fixed savings. There are five grades of time savings deposits: six months, one year, three years, five years and eight years.

Types of personal savings deposits

Current savings:

This kind of storage is suitable for customers' temporarily idle funds storage.

1. One-dollar deposits are issued by savings institutions. The passbook is registered and the password can be kept. You can report the loss of your passbook.

2. After opening an account, you can deposit and withdraw money at any time with your passbook, and you can deposit and withdraw money at the networked computer savings office.

3. Interest shall be calculated and paid according to the interest rate of current savings deposit listed on the interest settlement date (June 30th). When withdrawing all deposits, interest shall be calculated and paid according to the current savings deposit rate listed on the withdrawal date.

Personal notice deposit:

This kind of deposit is suitable for depositors who have cash on hand and cannot determine the maturity at the moment. It has the characteristics of collecting current accounts and obtaining income regularly.

1. Initial deposit amount 1000 yuan, with unlimited deposit. The part above 1000 yuan must be an integer multiple of 100 yuan.

2. The term of deposit is divided into fourteen grades: one month, two months, three months, four months, five months, six months, seven months, eight months, nine months, ten months, eleven months, one year, two years and three years. There is no need to agree on the deposit period when depositing, and the principal is deposited in one lump sum.

3. You can withdraw in one lump sum or in part with the certificate of deposit. When you make a partial withdrawal, the value of the unused part will be calculated according to the original deposit date. If the withdrawal amount is large, please inform the savings office in advance so as to prepare for your payment.

4. Interest shall be paid according to the actual deposit period and the interest rate of the same grade. If the actual deposit period is less than one month or more than three years, interest shall be calculated and paid according to the deposit rate listed on the withdrawal date. The deposit is registered and can be reported as loss, but it cannot be transferred.

Fixed deposit in lump sum:

Seed storage is suitable for the needs of the masses and safe and profitable.

1. The initial deposit amount is generally 50 yuan. The deposit term is divided into three months, six months, one year, two years, three years and five years.

2. The principal shall be deposited in one lump sum, and the bank shall issue a deposit certificate. If you report the loss of the certificate of deposit, you can leave a password and report the loss.

3. The interest shall be calculated and paid according to the corresponding time deposit interest rate published on the opening date of the certificate of deposit, and in deposit interest rate published on the early withdrawal date. Early withdrawal must be based on the certificate of deposit and the identity certificate of the depositor.

Fixed deposit in lump sum:

Lump sum deposit and withdrawal refers to time deposits which are deposited in installments and whose principal and interest are withdrawn at one time. This kind of storage is suitable for storing the monthly savings of employees and residents to achieve the purpose of planned expenditure. Its deposit interest rate is higher than current and fixed deposit interest rates.

1. There are three deposit terms: one year, three years and five years. Monthly fixed deposit, starting from 5 yuan, unlimited deposit.

2. When opening an account, the bank opened a passbook. If it is registered, you can leave a password to report the loss, and you can withdraw it in advance with your ID card.

3. Interest shall be calculated and paid according to the daily product of the listing interest rate on the deposit date. Interest on early withdrawal and overdue part shall be calculated and paid at the current interest rate.

Fixed jobs and convenient savings:

This kind of seed storage not only has regular income, but also has current convenience, which is safe and convenient, and is suitable for people to store under the condition of uncertain investment channels.

1. The initial deposit amount is generally 50 yuan.

2. There are two kinds of certificates of deposit: bearer and bearer.

3. If the deposit period is less than three months, the current interest shall be paid according to the number of days;

If the deposit period is more than three months (including three months) but less than half a year, the whole deposit period will bear interest at 60% of the three-month deposit rate on the withdrawal date;

If the deposit term is more than half a year (including half a year) but less than one year, the lump sum deposit and withdrawal shall bear interest at a rate of 60% higher than the half-year deposit rate on the withdrawal date;

If the deposit period is more than one year (including one year), no matter how long the deposit period is, the whole deposit period will bear interest at a discount of 60% at the one-year deposit rate on the withdrawal date. The above results are of no interest.

Principal and interest time deposit:

This kind of stock is suitable for savings investors who hold a lot of cash.

1. Deposit the principal in one lump sum. The initial deposit amount is generally 5,000 yuan, and there is no limit to deposit more.

2. The storage period is divided into three types: one year, three years and five years.

3. The passbook is registered, you can leave your seal or password, and you can report the loss.

4. Withdraw the interest by installments with the passbook once a month or several months, which shall be determined by the depositor and the savings institution through consultation. If the depositor needs to withdraw the principal in advance, he can calculate the interest during the deposit period according to the provisions on early withdrawal of time deposits with his identity certificate, and deduct the overpaid interest.