But the house price is too high now. With the sound development of the national economy, China's entry into WTO, the successful bid for the Olympic Games, the opening of the World Expo and the good development trend of Shanghai in recent years, a large number of foreigners are pouring in, and the demand for housing is increasing. People think that it is a matter of time before house prices rise. Rich individuals also want to buy houses to increase their value. In addition, developers, local governments, local media, financial institutions and other interest groups form various publicity and advocacy, which will lead to rising house prices.
First of all, I personally think it is necessary to strengthen the standardization of the real estate market. Secondly, according to the actual situation and different income groups, we can formulate real estate policies and build more affordable housing. Thirdly, we must have a correct propaganda and guidance role.
Key words: market economic system, government macro-control, standardizing reasonable housing prices in the market.
House price is always a topic that affects people and the media. As the saying goes, food, clothing, housing and transportation are several major events for ordinary people, and one of them "housing" refers to people's housing problems. For China people, it is more meaningful to have a nest of their own. For ordinary people in China, a house is not only a house, but also a psychological harbor. However, in recent years, housing prices have been rising, and this problem has not been effectively solved. Excessive housing prices have brought great pressure to the majority of housing residents. The following are just my personal views and opinions on this issue.
First, the factors that determine the price of commercial housing
The real estate industry is a relatively complex industry, involving many related industries, which has a strong driving effect on the economy. Generally speaking, house prices should be compatible with the level of economic development and residents' income. Being ahead or behind is not a good phenomenon, which will have a certain impact on the country's economic and social stability. Therefore, it is very necessary to analyze the rationality of housing prices and take effective measures to control them.
The analysis of housing price problem can not be separated from China's market economy system at first. As we all know, China's realistic socialist market economy system. In other words, prices are formed by the market and regulated by the market mechanism. Although real estate developers can make their own positioning of housing prices, they still have to obey the market and cannot decide the rise and fall of housing prices at will. Because the government will influence housing prices through macro-control, mainly through indirect means such as fiscal policy, monetary policy and industrial policy, it cannot directly determine housing prices.
Now the house we buy is a commercial house. Speaking of commercial housing, we must first admit that it is a commodity. For the pricing of a commodity, we must first consider its cost price. For a house, it is its construction cost and land cost, that is, the price of buying a piece of land and the cost of building a house with this piece of land, including the cost of labor and materials. This is the basis for determining housing prices. Followed by the interests of developers and government fees, these fees are relatively flexible, developers and the government will set prices from their own interests. For example, if the developer borrows money from the bank to continue the construction project, then he will pay a certain interest to the bank accordingly, and the developer will also take this into account when pricing the house, thus invisibly raising the house price.
In addition to these factors that have a direct impact on housing prices, there are several factors that will indirectly affect housing prices. The first is the relationship between supply and demand in the market. Anyone who has studied economics knows that when the supply of a commodity exceeds the demand, the price will drop accordingly. When supply exceeds demand, prices will inevitably rise, and house prices will always fluctuate around the value of the house. Secondly, people's income level will also affect market demand, and then affect housing prices. Third, market competition. Competition among real estate developers will also have an impact on housing prices. When competition is fierce, house prices will be suppressed. Similarly, if there is competition between buyers, it will raise house prices.
House prices are mainly affected by the interaction of the above factors. Therefore, house prices are high and low, rising and falling, and rising and falling. In the long run, the adjustment of these laws will inevitably make house prices tend to be balanced and generally in line with the value.
Second, the analysis of current housing prices
[There is a recognized standard abroad that the price of commercial housing should be 3 to 6 times the annual household income. Then let's calculate whether the current housing prices in Shanghai are reasonable. According to the statistics of relevant government departments, the per capita monthly income in Shanghai is about 2000. A family of three has an annual income of 72,000 yuan. According to this standard, it is obvious that today's housing prices are obviously too high.
So what are the reasons for the high housing prices? One of the important reasons is artificial hype. First of all, with the sound development of the national economy, China's accession to the WTO, the successful bid for the Olympic Games, the opening of the World Expo and the good development trend of Shanghai in recent years, a large number of foreigners have poured in, and the demand for housing has been increasing. People think that it is a matter of time before house prices rise, and wealthy individuals also want to buy houses to increase their value. In addition, developers, local governments, local media, financial institutions and other interest groups form various publicity and advocacy, which will lead to rising house prices. Moreover, the development cost of real estate is generally confidential, and it is difficult for buyers to know how big the profit margin of real estate developers is, which can easily lead to the blind purchase behavior of buyers.
In all aspects, people either take the initiative, of course, more passively accept the situation that housing prices are too high. It should also be mentioned that at present, China's real estate intermediaries still have imperfect intermediary qualifications, and the qualifications of employees are not fully implemented, resulting in disorder in the industry. Intermediaries do not fully serve property buyers, but pay more attention to their own interests and eat the difference, which is even worse for property buyers.
Judging from the problems existing in the current real estate market and the measures taken by the state, the state's regulation of the real estate market is still lagging behind. Although the central government has great determination and will to regulate housing prices, national policies are often formulated after the problems are highlighted, and most of them adopt the means of post-event regulation. When the policy was introduced, the problems in the market had already caused a great impact, and caused a certain degree of adverse consequences, and the difficulty of control also increased. And it is often difficult to implement it from the central government to the local government. Imagine that house prices will affect the fiscal revenue of local governments and the speed of local economic development to a certain extent. Therefore, all these will lead to the invalidation or discount of the central policy.
Third, suggestions on keeping house prices relatively reasonable.
Today's high housing prices have brought a lot of life pressure to many buyers, or they are depressed because they can't afford to buy them, or they have become veritable "house slaves" after lending, struggling to pay off the loans as soon as possible with mental pressure all day, only to find that the day of paying off the loans is still far away. Can we take some measures to keep housing prices relatively reasonable and let the people live in new houses with peace of mind?
First of all, I personally think it is necessary to strengthen the standardization of the real estate market. At present, the real estate market in China is not standardized, and the industry is standardized. The qualification requirements of companies engaged in the real estate industry are not in place, and the qualification requirements and audit of employees are not in place. There is no uniform law on the punishment of real estate companies that violate industry regulations, and the real estate industry is highly monopolistic. The government can deliberately let some state-owned enterprises or some enterprises with weak profit purpose develop when building dikes, which is also conducive to regulating the real estate market through them. At the same time, the government can introduce some relevant policies and reform some original policies. We can reform the wage system, establish a social security system, establish and implement a provident fund, and formulate and implement a welfare housing distribution system to effectively alleviate the housing pressure of the people.
Secondly, according to the actual situation and different income groups, the real estate policy should be to reduce high-grade housing, increase middle and low-grade housing and build different real estate products to meet the needs of their respective income groups. More affordable housing can be built, because affordable housing is very important to solve the housing problem of low-income people. In this regard, the government has issued some relevant policies, and many affordable housing have been built and are under construction. The next step is to check the buyers of houses to prevent some people from buying more at low prices and then reselling them to earn the difference, so that the real economic significance is not reflected in the people.
Thirdly, there should be correct propaganda and guidance. In front of the article, I mentioned that some residents want to buy houses to increase their value, because houses are real estate. Moreover, with the social stability and rapid economic development, there is still a lot of room for appreciation. Developers take advantage of this opportunity to constantly publicize the function of maintaining and increasing the value of real estate and induce buyers to buy houses at high prices. This is not conducive to keeping house prices relatively reasonable. Therefore, the government and mainstream media should correctly publicize and guide residents to buy houses, instead of always publicizing how strong the value-added function of real estate is, and correctly guide residents to treat the value of real estate correctly, because people buy houses mainly for living, and should blindly emphasize their living function rather than value-added function.