Just,

The second is the corporate behavior of banks, which belongs to market behavior.

The other two are government administrative measures, which belong to administrative actions.

Separately,

Increase taxes,

Is to increase the tax rate of certain economic sectors-obviously, increasing the tax rate of that tax will inevitably inhibit the corresponding economic behavior. For example, the most obvious means of the recent trade war is to raise import tariffs and curb the import trade of the corresponding countries.

Raise deposit and loan interest rates,

This is the policy adopted by banks when funds are tight. The purpose is to increase incentives for deposits and limit low-interest loans. The background is likely to be inflation or an increase in the deposit reserve ratio.

Raise the deposit reserve ratio

This is an administrative regulation and control action taken by the banking management department (such as the People's Bank of China). Bank management department, in order to ensure that banks have a certain ability to pay under any circumstances to cope with the potential "run tide", requires bank enterprises to deposit a certain amount of "reserves" in the bank management department in advance, and the proportion of deposits is the "deposit reserve ratio" ~ ~ Obviously, the more deposits, the less funds banks can use for turnover. Once the deposit reserve ratio is raised, banks will inevitably face a tight money supply situation. If there are no other special factors, the normal response is to raise the deposit and loan interest rates.