Since the end of last year, the mortgage policy has been tightened again and again. First of all, the central bank has set "two red lines" for the mortgages of banks. Then, hot cities dominated by first-tier cities frequently introduced housing credit management measures.
In the eyes of the industry, cities where house prices rise too fast in the future will strengthen the supervision of illegal funds flowing into the property market, and the "lending" measures will also have a deterrent effect on speculators.
Misappropriation of credit funds to buy a house was punished one after another.
Recently, a Notice of Early Withdrawal of Personal Loans posted online in Shanghai showed that the bank announced that the loan of nearly 3 million yuan was due in advance because the lender failed to fulfill the relevant provisions in Article 4 of the loan contract, and told the lender that the loan principal and interest must be repaid in full before March 3 1.
Generally speaking, when the lender illegally uses the loan funds, according to the contract, the bank has the right to recover the loan in advance (that is, "lending"). According to Pan Hao, senior analyst of RealData, the above circular letter mainly involved the misappropriation of commercial loans to purchase houses and the bank's recovery of loans, which also indicated that the previous mortgage inspection had entered the implementation stage.
It is reported that as early as June 29, 2020, in order to prevent consumer loans, business loans and other credit funds from being illegally used in the real estate sector, Shanghai issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Personal Housing Credit, and conducted a comprehensive self-examination of consumer loans, business loans and personal housing loans issued since June 2020. If the borrower breaches the contract, he will be punished according to the contract.
It is worth noting that, according to media reports, in order to strictly control the illegal inflow of credit funds into the real estate sector, many banks, except Shanghai, have found this situation in their self-inspection and will also require borrowers to repay in advance according to the contract.
Judging from the punishment, according to Pan Hao, the previous policy did not involve the recovery of loans. As early as 20 16, Shanghai issued a regulatory policy requiring the down payment to be its own funds. The punishment at that time was to pull the violator into the list of dishonesty. In the same year, Shenzhen also issued relevant requirements, focusing on cracking down on Internet finance companies, microfinance companies and other financial institutions engaged in down payment loans, crowdfunding house purchases, bridge loan and other financial leveraged fund-raising businesses. 20 17 -2020, the local regulatory policies on mortgage loans are mainly implemented in cracking down on fraudulent loans.
Earlier, Jaco, president of 58 Anjuke Real Estate Research Institute Branch, suggested in an interview with the Beijing News reporter that property buyers should be cautious when using some informal loan means, such as consumer loans and commercial loans, to raise down payment funds, because the investigation is very strong now and may even face punishment in the future.
In addition to bank lending, recently, local banking supervision bureaus have also issued "fines", mainly for banks that illegally lend or have poor supervision over the use of loans. For example, on March 8th, Taizhou Branch of Bank of China was fined 890,000 yuan for misappropriating the house purchase credit funds due to poor post-loan management. However, Nanhu Sub-branch of Agricultural Bank of China Shenyang Branch was given a warning and punishment for illegally issuing personal commercial housing loans.
Li, chief researcher of Guangdong Housing Policy Research Center, said that from the recent developments in various places, local banking supervision departments are strengthening the inspection of the flow of funds after operating loans. Including the authenticity of the transaction background, whether the process of entrusted payment is reasonable, whether there is a large cash withdrawal, whether there is a situation in which borrowers and immediate family members buy houses in the past six months, etc.
All localities strictly control the inflow of consumer loans and operating loans into the property market.
In fact, since the end of last year, the mortgage policy has been tightened again and again. First of all, the central bank has set up "two red lines" for the mortgages of banks, which clearly limits the proportion of total mortgages. Then, the mortgage supervision policies of hot cities dominated by first-tier cities were introduced one after another.
65438+10.30, Beijing Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau released a message saying that banks are required to conduct a comprehensive self-examination on the compliance of new personal consumption loans and personal business loans issued since the second half of 2020, and if personal credit funds are found to flow into real estate in violation of regulations, banking institutions will be severely punished. On February 10, Beijing Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau issued the Notice on Strengthening the Management of Personal Business Loans to Prevent Credit Funds from Illegally Flowing into the Real Estate Market, requiring strict pre-lending investigation and post-lending management due diligence.
At the same time, in February this year, Guangdong Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau issued a notice requiring commercial loans and consumer loans to flow into the real estate sector in violation of regulations. Among them, it is mentioned to strengthen the screening of big data and seriously investigate and deal with the illegal flow of operating loans and consumer loans into the real estate sector, which has formed a market shock.
In addition to first-tier cities, second-tier cities also have control measures. On March 3rd, Hangzhou explicitly banned the issuance of personal business loans and consumer loans for down payment or repayment of down payment, strictly examined the authenticity of personal business loans and consumer loans, and strengthened post-loan fund management.
In this regard, Li believes that commercial loans illegally flowed into the property market last year, mainly in Shanghai, Shenzhen and Guangzhou, and may be extended to second-tier cities this year. Therefore, it is necessary to block the channels through which commercial loans may flow into the property market.
Li said that if the loopholes of business loans entering the property market are not blocked, according to the current situation of the property market, the scope and scale of illegal business loans flowing into the property market this year will be larger than last year. On the one hand, it is because the pressure of operating loans is relatively high. On the other hand, with the strengthening of the regulation of the property market, the mortgage interest rate will rise, and the scissors difference between operating loans and mortgage interest rates will also expand.
The financial statistics report of 2002 1 February released by the central bank on March1day shows that RMB loans increased by 1.36 trillion yuan in February, the highest level in the same period in history. Among them, loans from the residential sector increased by 142 1 billion yuan in February, an increase of 555.4 billion yuan year-on-year; Medium and long-term loans increased by 411300 million yuan, an increase of 374.2 billion yuan year-on-year. Some insiders believe that the property market transaction in February is still hot, supporting residents' medium and long-term loans to continue to increase.
The supervision of "illegal funds" flowing into the property market may increase.
"This round of rising housing prices and credit violations in Shanghai and Shenzhen has a lot to do with real estate." Earlier, Zhang Dawei, chief analyst of Zhongyuan Real Estate, analyzed that since the beginning of this year, the focus of real estate regulation has also been to regulate credit, and the effect of regulation depends on the implementation of this policy.
Li also believes that cracking down on commercial loans and illegal inflow of funds into the real estate market will be the main task of real estate regulation this year, and it is also related to whether the property market can stabilize this year. At present, the operation of the national property market is similar to that of 20 16, that is, from first-tier cities in Shenzhen and Shanghai to second-tier cities in Guangzhou, Beijing and hot spots. If the flow of operating loans is not controlled, it is likely to boost the rise of a new round of bubbles.
Regarding the financial environment of real estate this year, Pan Hao analyzed that China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission mentioned that "the risk of real estate bubble is still very high", indicating that the monitoring of real estate finance will continue to be strengthened this year, especially in the aspect of "illegal funds flowing into the property market", which will play a more important role.
However, Li said, it is also difficult to supervise the inflow of operating loans into the property market. Under the condition that the amount and proportion of mortgage loans are controlled, banks have more incentive to issue operating loans in which real estate mortgages enter the property market in disguise to cushion the loss of profits caused by the decline in mortgage loans.
Li believes that in the future, there will be more joint inspections by the CBRC and the People's Bank of China, and there will be more post-loan inspections by the audit department of the head office of commercial banks. The CBRC will also coordinate the cooperation between banks in fund tracking, that is, if the funds are loaned from Bank A and then flow to Bank B, then Bank B needs to cooperate with the inspection.
Pan Hao predicted that cities, especially big cities, whose house prices have risen too fast will strengthen the supervision of "illegal funds" flowing into the property market, and the measures of "recovering loans in advance" will play a deterrent role for real estate speculators.
"If there is illegal use of funds, there will be the possibility of lending. Recently, some places have made lending measures for some illegal loans. " Li said to him.