The establishment of rural banks has effectively filled the gap in financial services in rural areas and increased financial support for rural areas.
An important feature of rural banks is that their institutions are located in counties and towns. According to the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Rural Banks, the registered capital of rural banks established in cities is not less than 50 million yuan. The registered capital of a village bank established in a county (city) shall not be less than 3 million yuan; The registered capital of a village bank established in a township (town) shall not be less than RMB 1 10,000 yuan.
The market positioning of rural banks mainly lies in two aspects: one is to meet the needs of farmers for microfinance, and the other is to serve local small and medium-sized enterprises. In order to effectively meet the local development needs of agriculture, rural areas and farmers and ensure the implementation of the policy of rural banks serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Rural Banks clearly requires that rural banks should not issue loans in different places, and all their available funds should be invested in local rural development and construction after paying the deposit reserve, and the remaining funds can be invested in other aspects. As an independent enterprise legal person, village banks establish and set up their organizational structure according to the organizational standards of modern enterprises. At the same time, according to the principle of scientific management and effective governance, the management structure of rural banks is flat, with fewer management levels, short decision-making chain and relatively fast response, and the business process structure is more in line with the financial capital requirements of agricultural industry.
The innovation of rural banks is the "sponsor system", that is, the CBRC stipulates that there must be a commercial bank that meets the regulatory conditions, standardized management and good operating efficiency as the main sponsor bank, and the shareholding ratio of shareholders of a single financial institution shall not be less than 20%. In addition, the shareholding ratio of a single non-financial institution, enterprise legal person and its related parties does not exceed 65,438+00%. Later, in order to encourage private capital to invest in rural banks, the CBRC issued the "Implementation Opinions on Encouraging and Guiding Private Capital to Enter the Banking Industry" in May 20 12, which reduced the minimum shareholding ratio of the main sponsor bank to 15%, further promoting the diversified property rights structure of rural banks.