Financial futures generally refer to futures contracts, that is, standardized contracts formulated by futures exchanges, which stipulate to deliver a certain amount of underlying assets at a specific time and place in the future. This underlying asset, also known as the underlying asset, is the spot corresponding to the futures contract. This spot can be a commodity, such as copper or crude oil, a financial instrument, foreign exchange and bonds, or a financial indicator, such as three-month interbank offered rate or stock index. Generally speaking, the ultimate goal of futures trading is not the transfer of commodity ownership, but to avoid spot price risk by buying and selling futures contracts. Futures are divided into commodity futures and financial futures, and financial futures are futures with financial instruments or financial assets as the subject matter.

Financial forward contract A financial forward contract refers to a contract in which both parties agree to buy and sell a certain amount of certain financial assets at a certain price at a certain time in the future. Forward contracts are mainly produced to avoid the risk of spot trading, but the liquidity of forward contracts is poor and the performance is not guaranteed, so the risk of forward contracts is greater. According to the different subject matter, forward contracts mainly include forward foreign exchange contracts, forward interest rate agreements and forward stock contracts.

Financial option option is a kind of option, which refers to the right of the buyer to buy or sell a certain amount of certain financial assets at a certain price at a certain time in the future after paying a certain royalty. Financial option is an option contract with financial instruments as the subject matter. After the option contract is signed, Buy Coventry has the right to decide whether to buy or sell a financial asset, but has no obligation to buy or sell it. Once the buyer decides to buy or sell a financial asset, the seller must perform it unconditionally according to the contract. Options generally include stock options, interest rate options and currency options.