After 30 years of reform and opening up, China has ensured peace and stability, established a complete material production system, and made remarkable achievements in economic construction. China has changed from a primary industrial economy to a high-level industrial economy, and the output of many industrial products, including steel and household appliances, ranks first in the world. At the same time, China's economic scale and economic aggregate are also expanding. 1978 China's GDP was only 364.5 billion yuan. In 2007, China's GDP soared to 24661900 million yuan, a 67-fold increase in 30 years. In 2007, China created a daily GDP of 67.5 billion yuan, and now the GDP of 1978 can be completed in only six days.
(2) the international status has been continuously improved.
In the past 30 years since China's reform and opening up, China's international status has been continuously improved. The rapid economic growth has made China's position in the world economy rise continuously. In 2005, China's GDP was 1, 823,21100 million yuan. According to the average exchange rate of RMB against USD in 2005, the total GDP of China is about USD 2,224.8 billion, accounting for 5.6% of the world economy, ranking fourth in the world (see Figure 66). [2] According to the PPP conversion coefficient of RMB to USD 1.8, the current GDP of China in 2005 was 18232 1 billion RMB, equivalent to1kloc-0/28.9 billion USD, ranking second in the world after the United States. [3] With the rapid growth of China's economy and the rapid appreciation of RMB, China's economic aggregate measured in US dollars will also increase rapidly.
(3) Fully integrate into the world economic system
Marked by China's entry into WTO, China's economy has completed the process of marketization and internationalization, and merged into the world economic system and the tide of economic globalization. The data show that with the deepening of China's reform and opening up, China's economy is more closely linked with the world economy, and China's economy has obvious correlation and synchronization with the world economic growth. 1978-2007 China economy
The synchronization coefficient with the world economic growth is 3.4, that is, the world economic growth is 1 percentage point, and China's economic growth is 3.4 percentage points (see Figure 2). China's economy affects the world and the world economy affects China.
(4) Overall social and economic progress.
Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China has made all-round progress in economic and social development. The global 100 countries' international trade and investment risk index (ITIRI2007), compiled by Professor Zhu Ji, director of the World Economic Research Center (WERCCN) of the School of Economics of Beijing Technology and Business University, and China Economic Index Center (BCEIC), a research base of capital circulation, systematically analyzes the global 100 countries' international trade and investment risk from four aspects: political risk, economic risk, policy risk and payment risk. Before Egypt and after Peru. The political risk index is 0.85 13, ranking 42nd. The economic risk index is 0.8064, ranking 5 1. The policy risk index is 0.7902, ranking 76th. The payment risk index is 0.8937, ranking 23rd. At present, China is rich in foreign exchange reserves and its economy is generally safe. However, the level of macroeconomic management is low and needs to be further improved.
(5) Economic growth is more stable.
China's reform and opening up has released enormous productive forces, and China's economic growth has always been higher than that of the world, thanks to the government's leadership, strong investment and growing industrial economy. From 65438 to 0978 to 2007, the average growth rate of the world economy was 3.4%, that of China was 9.8%, that of China was 2.8 times that of the world economy, and that of the United States was 3.2 times. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, China's economic growth has become more and more stable. During the period of 1978- 1995, the economic development in China was not perfect and mature, and the fluctuation and periodicity of economic growth were obvious. Since then, the fluctuation and periodicity of China's economic growth have obviously weakened, indicating that China's economic system is becoming more and more perfect and its macro-control is becoming more and more mature.
(6) The level of economic development has been continuously improved.
With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, the level of economic development has been greatly improved. 1978, China's per capita GDP was 38 1 yuan, which was about 149 dollars according to the exchange rate of 1980 dollars to 1.53 yuan RMB. In 2007, China's per capita GDP rose to $2,640, an increase of 17 times compared with that before the reform and opening up. There are factors such as rising prices and changes in the RMB exchange rate.
(7) People's living standards have improved significantly.
With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, people's living standards have improved significantly. From 65438 to 0978, the Engel coefficient of urban households in China was 57.5%, and that of rural households was 67.7%. At that time, China was quite poor. People have to rely on food stamps and meat stamps to eat food and meat. In 2006, the Engel coefficient of urban households in China dropped to 35.8%, a decrease of 37.7%. The Engel coefficient of rural households was 43%, down by 36.4 percentage points.
(8) Great progress has been made in education development.
Educational development is an important indicator to measure a country's development level and development potential. In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China's education development has made great progress. 1978, the number of college graduates in China was only165,000, accounting for 0.0 17 1% of the total population of 962.59 million at that time. In 2006, the number of college graduates in China reached 3.775 million, accounting for 0.287 1% of China's total population14480, which increased by 16.7 times in 30 years.
(9) People's life expectancy has increased significantly.
Life expectancy is a comprehensive index to measure a country's social and economic development. The improvement of life expectancy not only means the improvement of economic development level, but also means the improvement of social security ability. According to the census data of China, the average life expectancy in China in 1982 was 67.77 years, and in 2000, the average life expectancy in China rose to 7 1.40 years, an increase of 3.63 years.
(10) People's lives are more colorful.
In these 30 years, the life of China people has become more colorful. Television sets, washing machines, refrigerators, air conditioners, automobiles, computers, the Internet, telephones, mobile phones, music, movies, tourism, the Olympic Games and so on, the material and cultural life of the people of China has entered an era that is synchronized with the world.
Since the reform and opening up, people's daily life has been full of reform footprints; The brilliant achievements of reform and opening up are also directly written on everyone's face and reflected by everyone. Great changes have taken place in people's clothing, food, housing and transportation, and reforms have run through thousands of households.
Changing "clothes"
According to my mother, when they were young, they needed cloth tickets to buy cloth. Only when people with good economic conditions pulled a new cloth during the Spring Festival would they pay a tailor to make a new suit for their children. A dress, new three years, old three years, sewing has to be worn by brothers and sisters. Mom grew up wearing hundreds of clothes when she was a child. If you get a new dress in the New Year, it's like getting the best gift. Take it off when it's dirty! Partners will show envious eyes. Now, there are all kinds of clothing stores everywhere, styles, fabrics, children's, adults', casual and elegant women's clothes … colorful and confused eyes; Open my children's wardrobe, clothes in spring, summer, autumn and winter are layered, and clothes of various colors and fabrics are available.
Changing "food"
Food is the most important thing for the people, and when it comes to "food", it has changed a lot; When my mother was young, eating meat once a month was a happy thing. As long as you can eat enough, your mother, brother and sister are most looking forward to the New Year. Not only can you eat delicious braised pork, but you can also eat beautiful clothes and candy that are hard to see on weekdays. "KFC", "McDonald's", "Heluxue" and "Coca-Cola" ... The reform and opening up allowed us to eat good things that my mother couldn't eat when she was a child. Pigs, sheep, cows, chickens, ducks and geese are no longer what modern people pursue, and "healthy green food" has become the first choice of modern people. There are many kinds of meat, vegetables, fruits and so on in the supermarket. People can buy the food they need at will. Restaurants and restaurants of various flavors are emerging one after another around us, full of people, laughing and making a lot of noise.
Changing "residence"
On the shores of our beautiful Taihu Lake, rows of houses with red tiles and green tiles are so majestic, magnificent and towering under the shadow of tall trees. A group of European classical style villas are located on the picturesque shore of Taihu Lake. Rural villages are mostly magnificent gatehouses, tall, short, magnificent, small and exquisite, with everything. The windows of every household are bright and clean, the interior decoration is luxurious or simple, each with its own characteristics, and all kinds of household appliances are put in order. My mother didn't have a house like this when she was a child. Most of them are bungalows, and houses built of mud are everywhere. Mom said that ordinary people have basically no other furniture except beds, tables, chairs and wardrobes. A black-and-white TV set in the village is the "baby" of the village.
"Line" of Change
Now bus lines are all over the city, and there are more and more private cars. People can take buses and taxis at will. Long-distance travel, business trips, planes and trains are convenient and fast. Every household also has means of transportation-motorcycles, electric cars, bicycles, and many families also have cars. Dad said, this is something I never dared to think about before. When my father was young, my grandfather had a "Long March" bicycle in the village, which is still public, which makes my father most proud in front of his friends!
The achievements brought by the reform and opening up have spread all over China in the past 30 years. The country has become rich and strong, and the people's living standards have been greatly improved. Cities and villages are full of vigor and vitality everywhere, and the motherland's land of China is attracting the century-old Olympic Games with this prosperity …