Bo is one of the countries with rapid economic development and good economic conditions in Africa. The pillar industries are diamond industry, cattle industry and emerging manufacturing industry. The income from exporting diamonds has surpassed the traditional export of livestock products, which is the main source of foreign exchange income. Tourism is more developed. After independence, the Bo government established a free market economic system, adopted preferential measures to attract foreign investment and advanced foreign technology, and successively formulated eight national development plans, thus achieving rapid and sustained economic development. In order to change the situation that economic development mainly depends on diamonds, since the end of 1980s, the Bo government began to implement the policy of economic diversification and achieved results.
Since President Kama came to power, the Bo government has continued to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, increased investment in infrastructure and social fields, and strived to expand domestic demand and create jobs. While continuing to attach importance to the diamond economy and enhance added value, attract foreign investment to develop mineral resources such as nickel and copper; Start the construction of thermal power plants and speed up the self-sufficiency and export of electricity; Promote the development of tourism and economic diversification. Affected by the international financial crisis, diamond production and export income once fell sharply. With the recovery of demand and price of mineral products in the international market, Bo's economy began to recover in the second quarter of 2009. The government has increased its support for major industrial sectors and identified six key development areas: diamond industry, agriculture, health, education, transportation and innovation. According to the data published by relevant international organizations, many indicators such as economic freedom and investment environment in 20 12 continue to rank among the top in Africa. Economic indicators (20 12) GDP 174 billion USD, inflation rate of 7.4%, per capita GDP of 8,577 USD, exchange rate (20 14 July) 1 USD =8.873 1 praGDP growth rate of 6. The World Economic Forum rated Botswana as one of the two most competitive countries in Africa. In 2004, Botswana was once again taken over by Moody's Investors Service and Standard & Poor's; Poor's) gave it an "A" credit rating, which made Botswana the country with the lowest credit risk in Africa, on an equal footing with countries in Central Europe, East Asia and Latin America. Traditional light industry is mainly based on animal products processing, followed by beverages, metal processing and textiles. The automobile assembly industry has developed rapidly and once became the second largest foreign exchange earning industry.
20 1 1 The output value of manufacturing industry accounts for 4% of GDP, including textiles, beer, chemicals and electricity. Agriculture is relatively backward, with cultivated land accounting for 15% of the national area and planting area accounting for 5% of cultivated land. Bo's agricultural output is low, which can only meet about 10% of domestic food demand. The main crops are sorghum and corn. The government encourages farmers to plant more grains and improve their self-sufficiency Since 2008, the Bo government has implemented a project to fully support the development of cultivated land. In the fiscal year of 20 1 1-20 12, the planting area of Bo land was 34 1 1,000 hectares, and the crop output was 73,000 tons. (Source: President Kama's 20 12 State of the Union Address) 20 1 1 year, the agricultural output value accounts for 2.4% of GDP.
Animal husbandry accounts for 70% of agricultural output value, which is one of the traditional pillar industries of the national economy and the main source of farmers' income. Animal husbandry mainly focuses on raising cattle, supplemented by raising sheep. Bo has a modern large slaughterhouse and meat processing plant, slaughtering 400,000-500,000 cows annually. In 2008, the export of beef was 530 million pula, accounting for 1.58% of the total export. In 20 10, there were 2,650,000 boars. 20 1 1 In March, due to the foot-and-mouth disease epidemic, the EU suspended the import of beef indefinitely. 20 1 1 year, Bo meat exports 330 million pula, accounting for about 0.8% of the total export. Bo is one of the major tourist countries in Africa. Rich in tourism resources, Africa is a country with a large number of wild animals. The government has designated 38% of the country's land as wildlife reserves, and established 3 national parks and 5 wildlife reserves. Chobe National Park and Okavango Delta Wildlife Sanctuary are the main tourist attractions.
Tourism has now become Bo's second largest source of foreign exchange income and the key development industry of economic diversification strategy. Since 1990s, tourism in Bocheng has been growing continuously. In order to strengthen the promotion and publicity of tourism, in 2005, Bo established the Tourism Bureau. In 2006, the number of tourists was 6.5438+0.82 million. In 2008, there were 302 hotels with 5 145 rooms and 9020 beds in China. In 20 10, the World Expo received a total of 265,438+million foreign tourists. From 2006 to 20 10, the annual growth rate of tourists was 10.7%. The contribution rate of tourism to GDP reached 3.7%. As of June 20 12, there were 764 tourism enterprises in Bo, of which 406 were owned by China citizens. It is mainly transported by road, and the main towns are connected by road, with a total length of 1.94 thousand kilometers, of which 30% are asphalt roads. The main towns in China, as well as between Bo and South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Namibia, have basically realized the connection of asphalt roads, among which the trunk roads are of high grade.
This railway is 900 kilometers long. The main railway line spans Francistown, Gaborone and Lobaz, connecting South Africa and Zimbabwe. Bo Railway Company is a state-owned enterprise responsible for railway transportation. In 2004, the railway sent 406,000 passengers and 6,543,800 tons of goods. From 2003 to 2007, a five-year railway management plan was implemented, which mainly included improving the operation level and updating freight cars, locomotives and signal systems. From 2065438 to the first nine months of 2002, the railway sent goods10.5 million tons, earning 224 million pula. (Source: Bo Central Bureau of Statistics)
In 2065438+01August, Bo obtained a loan of 40 million US dollars from the International Development Fund of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries for comprehensive transportation construction projects, aiming at integrating Bo's existing highway and railway systems, building new transportation facilities, improving transportation capacity and promoting economic development.
Baohe Airlines has regional routes to South Africa and routes between major towns and tourist areas in China. At present, there are six international airports, with Kama International Airport as its capital, and the other five airports are located in Francistown, Maon, cassani, Selebi-Fiqui and Hangzi. In addition, there are dozens of small airports scattered all over the country. Due to rising oil prices and frequent mechanical failures, Bohang lost 4 million pula in fiscal year 2004. The privatization of Bohang is being actively carried out. In 2005, Bo established an independent Civil Aviation Administration. Bo news has a high degree of freedom and independent reporting. There are 65,438+02 newspapers, including the official daily Daily News and the private daily The Reporter, as well as the private weekly newspapers The Guardian of Botswana, The Midday Sun, The Botswana Gazette and The Echo.
Daily News is an official daily newspaper, which was founded in 1964 and published in English and Tswana. This is a free newspaper with a daily circulation of about 65,000 copies. There are also The Guardian, The Reporter, The Sun and The Gazette, which are published in English and Tswana. The reporter and the weekly observer are published by Dikgang, the largest private publishing company in Bo. The daily circulation of journalists is about 20,000. The circulation of other newspapers is between 1.5 and 20000.
Botswana News Agency is an official news agency, established in 198 1. It mainly reports domestic news, while international news mainly comes from western news agencies. It is the main contributor to Daily News and Bo Radio.
Radio Botswana is the official radio station, which was established in 1965 and broadcasts in English and Tswana.
Gaborone TV is a private TV station, established in 1988, which mainly plays videos.
Botswana National Television started broadcasting in July, 2000, with programs in English and Tswana, both of which adopt digital transmission technology, and can cover most parts of Africa by satellite. 20 1 1 Monteso, a Botswana women's 400m athlete, won the gold medal at the Daegu Athletics World Championships.
Botswana joined the Olympic Games in 1980. However, due to their limited sports level, they didn't win any medals in the eight Olympic Games. There are many festivals in Botswana and most people believe in Christianity. People usually shake hands, but foreign male guests generally don't take the initiative to reach out and shake hands with local women.
Cattle are a symbol of wealth and a sacrifice for the celebration. Festival Name Time New Year 65438+ 10 1 Easter Sunday in March or April May 1 Jesus ascensiontide Sir Sir Seretse Khama Day July 1 President's Day July 15 Independence Day September 30th Christmas Day 65438+February 25th Festival Etiquette 65438.