catalogue
Summary of knowledge of political test sites in 2022 college entrance examination
Political knowledge of college entrance examination
Knowledge of political test sites in college entrance examination
Summary of knowledge of political test sites in 2022 college entrance examination
Historical materialism (8 principles)
1, dialectical relationship between social existence and social consciousness ★★
Principle content (1) Social existence determines social consciousness, (1) What kind of social existence exists, and (2) The change and development of social existence determines the change and development of social consciousness. ⑵ Social consciousness is relatively independent, which is counterproductive to social existence. Backward social consciousness hinders social development, while advanced social consciousness can correctly predict the direction and trend of social development and play a positive role in promoting social development.
Methodological theory (1) we should establish the idea of practice first, respect social reality when analyzing social phenomena, persist in proceeding from reality and seeking truth from facts; ② At the same time, we should establish correct social consciousness, correct values and oppose backward negative social consciousness.
2, the dialectical relationship between productivity and production relations, economic base and superstructure.
Brief introduction of principle and content
Methodology ① We should respect the objective laws of social development and act according to social laws;
(2) Establish a sense of reform and innovation, and constantly adjust the production relations and superstructure that are not suitable for productivity and economy.
Economic aspects and basic development links, to promote the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
3. The general trend of historical development
The general trend of social and historical development is upward, and the process of development is tortuous. Social development is realized in the contradictory movement between productive forces and relations of production, economic base and superstructure, and in the continuous solution of basic social contradictions. (Different societies solve basic contradictions in the same way)
4. People are the main body of social history
People are the main body of social history and the creator of history. People's respect is the creator of material wealth and spiritual wealth and the decisive force of social change. )
Methodology requires us to adhere to the mass viewpoint and mass line, and take realizing, safeguarding and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the fundamental starting point of all work.
5, the guiding role of values ★★★★
As a kind of social consciousness, principles, contents and values play an important role in driving, restricting and guiding people's behavior.
Methodology: We must establish and adhere to correct values and give full play to the guiding role of correct values.
6. Value Judgment and Value Selection★★
To make a correct value judgment and choice, we must:
(1) Adhere to the truth and consciously follow the objective laws of social development.
(2) Consciously stand on the position of the overwhelming majority of the people, regard people's interests as the highest value standard, and firmly establish the idea of serving the people.
7, the realization principle of life value (how to realize the value of life? )★★★
(1) People should embody and create value through labor and dedication;
(2) Realize value in the unity of individual and society, and correctly handle the relationship between individual and collective, individual and society.
(3) Self-improvement should be successful. Individuals need to give full play to their subjective initiative, work hard and strive for self-improvement; Strive to develop their own talents and improve their personal quality in an all-round way; It needs to be guided by firm ideals and beliefs and correct values.
8. The principle of unity between individual and society.
Principle Content Social development is the foundation of personal development, and social development is also inseparable from personal development. Only in the collective can individuals obtain the means to develop their talents in an all-round way, and only in the collective can they have personal freedom.
Methodology requires us to realize personal value in the unity with society and correctly handle the relationship between individuals and collectives and between individuals and society.
〈〈〈
Political knowledge of college entrance examination
1. The relationship between two basic attributes of commodities: commodities are the unity of use value and value. Use value is a valuable thing.
Quality undertakers, the use value of goods is also inseparable from value.
2. Establish a correct view of money: (1) Treat money correctly; (2) As for money, we should use it beneficially and appropriately.
3. The impact of RMB appreciation:
(1) Profit:
Conducive to traveling abroad or studying abroad.
② It is beneficial for domestic enterprises to "go global".
(3) it is conducive to improving the ability to repay foreign debts.
(2) Disadvantages:
(1) is unfavorable for export and favorable for import. ② The production of export-oriented enterprises decreased and the number of unemployed people increased.
(3) depreciation of foreign exchange reserves.
4. Significance of keeping the value of RMB stable: keeping the value of RMB basically stable, that is, keeping the overall price level stable internally and the RMB exchange rate stable externally, is of great significance to the stability of people's lives, the sound and rapid development of the national economy and the stability of world financial and economic development.
5. What measures should the state take to deal with the adverse effects of RMB appreciation?
Optimize the import and export structure, accelerate the transformation of foreign trade growth mode, and promote foreign trade and balance of payments.
Adhere to the policy of expanding domestic demand and increase the pulling effect of consumption on the economy.
③ Give full play to the role of finance and implement a proactive fiscal policy.
6. Indirect factors affecting prices: climate, time, region, production conditions, policies, and even religious beliefs and customs.
Chemical factors will also have an impact on prices.
7, the relationship between supply and demand affects the price, the demand exceeds the supply, and the price rises; Supply exceeds demand and prices fall.
8. Value determines price.
9, the impact of price changes on production:
(1) Generally speaking, when the price rises, the purchase decreases; Prices drop and purchases increase.
(2) Different commodity price changes have different effects on demand. The price change of daily necessities has little effect on demand; The price change of high-grade durable goods has a great influence on demand.
(3) Changes in commodity prices will affect the demand for related commodities. As the price rises, the demand for substitutes increases and the demand for complementary products decreases; As prices fall, the demand for substitutes decreases and the demand for supplementary products increases.
10, the impact of price changes on production: adjust output and adjust the distribution of production factors.
1 1. Factors affecting consumption:
(1) Fundamental factor: the level of economic development.
(2) Main factors: income and price. Income is the premise and foundation of consumption. Residents' current income and income are expected to
Affect the level of household consumption; The income gap affects the overall consumption level of society.
(3) Subjective factors: consumption psychology and consumption concept affect consumption.
12, how to improve the consumption level of residents
(1) fundamental measures: vigorously develop productive forces, improve the level of China's economic development, and maintain stable economic growth.
(2) Strengthen national macro-control: the state implements a proactive employment policy to increase residents' income; Improve the distribution system, improve the social security system and safeguard social equity; Strengthen economic control and stabilize prices.
(3) Enterprises should enhance their competitiveness, improve their economic benefits and increase the wages of their employees.
(4) Consumers should establish a correct concept of consumption.
13, consumer psychology of residents:
(1) herd mentality; (2) the psychology of seeking differences; (3) Comparative psychology; (4) Realistic psychology.
14. Establish a correct consumption concept and be a rational consumer;
(1) Live within our means and spend moderately; (2) avoid blind obedience and rational consumption;
(3) environmental protection and green consumption; (4) diligent efforts.
〈〈〈
Knowledge of political test sites in college entrance examination
1, the relationship between production and consumption:
(1) Production determines consumption. Production determines the object of consumption; The way in which production determines consumption; Production determines the quality of consumption.
And level; Production creates power for consumption.
(2) Consumption counteracts production.
? Consumption drives economic growth and promotes production development. The products produced are consumed, and the production process of this product
It's finally finished;
? The new demand formed by consumption plays a guiding role in the adjustment and upgrading of production;
? The emergence of a new consumption hotspot can often lead to the emergence and growth of an industry;
? Consumption creates a new labor force for production, which can improve the quality of labor force and improve the production enthusiasm of workers.
2. China's basic economic system: with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together.
3. The public ownership economy is dominant in the ownership structure of the means of production in China. The state-owned economy plays a leading role in the national economy.
4, the status and role of non-public ownership:
(1) Status: The non-public economy is an important part of the socialist market economy.
(2) Function: It plays an important role in activating the market, meeting people's living needs, expanding employment, attracting foreign investment, increasing fiscal revenue and enhancing national strength.
5. Factors of successful business operation (how to do it, knowledge points for answering questions)
(1) Enterprises should formulate correct business strategies.
(2) Commodity is the unity of use value and value, and we should pay attention to product quality.
(3) Facing the market, mastering market information, optimizing product structure and producing marketable quality products.
(4) Relying on scientific and technological progress and scientific management, improve the ability of independent innovation, establish a brand and form a competitive advantage.
(5) Enterprises should operate in good faith according to law and establish a good corporate image and reputation.
(6) Strengthen resource conservation and environmental protection, take the road of sustainable development, develop low-carbon economy and circular economy, and build resource-saving and environment-friendly enterprises.
(7) Changing the mode of economic development and taking the road of new industrialization.
(8) improve the quality of workers, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and mobilize their enthusiasm.
(9) Enterprises should follow the law of value. Act according to the law of value.
(10) adapt to the requirements of economic globalization, actively participate in international competition and cooperation, and make full use of "two markets" and "two markets"
Plant resources ",adhere to the combination of" bringing in "and" going out "to improve the development level of open economy.
6, workers should establish a correct concept of employment:
(1) the concept of self-employment; (2) the concept of competitive employment; (3) the concept of occupational equality; (4) Various employment views.
7. How to solve the employment problem
(1) Fundamental measures: develop the economy and expand employment. Encourage the development of the non-public sector of the economy and vigorously develop the tertiary industry and labor force.
Intensive industries and township enterprises have been established, and employment channels have been expanded.
(2) State: The Party and the government should implement a proactive employment policy, improve the employment mechanism, expand the scale of employment and improve the employment structure.
(3) Market: Give full play to the regulatory role of the market in employment.
(4) Enterprises: Improve the ability of independent innovation, give consideration to economic and social benefits, and strive to increase employment opportunities.
(5) Laborers: Improve their own quality and establish a correct view of employment.
8. How to protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers?
(1) Party and government: Formulate and improve the labor law and labor contract system, improve working conditions and strengthen labor protection,
Improve the social security system.
(2) Workers:
Consciously fulfill the obligations of workers, which is the basis for obtaining rights and safeguarding rights and interests.
(2) signing a labor contract with the employer is an important basis for safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers.
(3) When the legitimate rights and interests are infringed, you can file a complaint, negotiate, apply for mediation, apply for arbitration, or bring a lawsuit to the court.
Sue and other ways to maintain it.
(4) Enhance legal awareness and rights awareness, and exercise rights correctly.
9. Advantages and disadvantages of savings, national debt, stocks and insurance.
(1) savings: relatively safe, with low risk and interest income. But the yield is generally lower than that of bonds and stocks.
(2) National debt: Interest is higher than deposit, with high safety and low risk.
(3) stocks:
(4) Insurance: You can get compensation in case of risk.
〈〈〈
2022 college entrance examination political test site knowledge summary related articles;
★ 2022 college entrance examination political review strategy
★ Summary of knowledge points of political party leaders in senior three.
★ Strategies and main points of the second round of political review for college entrance examination
★ Knowledge points of political review for adult college entrance examination
★ Summary Report on Senior High School Education in 2022 (10)
★ Summary of the latest knowledge points in Senior Three History 2022
★ Encyclopedia of political learning methods and skills in senior three.
★ At the end of 2022, the head teacher's personal summary 10.
★10 Work plan for teaching theme in 2022
★ Ten Summaries of Senior High School Teachers' Personal Work
var _ HMT = _ HMT | |[]； (function(){ var hm = document . createelement(" script ")； hm.src = "/hm.js？ CB 1587 ad 6 F9 e 6358 c6ab 363586 b 8 af 79 "； var s = document . getelementsbytagname(" script ")[0]； s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm，s)； })();