Haiti is a country

Country name: The Republic of Haiti

Independence Day: January 1 (1804)< /p>

National Day: January 1 (1804)

Flag: rectangular, with a length-to-width ratio of 5:3. It consists of two parallel and equal horizontal rectangles, blue on top and red on the bottom. The center of the flag is a white rectangle with the national emblem painted on it. The colors of the Haitian flag are derived from the French flag. The national flag with the national emblem is the official flag.

National emblem: There is a palm tree towering in the middle of the pattern, with a "Freedom Pole" stuck on the tree, and the top of the pole is the "Liberty Hat". There is a war drum on the green space in front of the tree, flanked by weapons such as tomahawks and cannons; there are three Haitian flags and a pennant on each side of the tree; behind the tree are six rifles with bayonets. The white ribbon reads "Unity is strength" in French.

National dignitaries: President-elect Rene Préval, elected in February 2006.

Physical geography: Located in the west of Hispaniola (Haiti Island) in the Caribbean Sea, covering an area of ??approximately 27,800 square kilometers. It borders the Dominican Republic to the east, the Caribbean Sea to the south, the Atlantic Ocean to the north, and faces Cuba and Jamaica across the Windward Strait to the west. It is an island country in the Eastern Caribbean Sea with a coastline of more than 1,080 kilometers. 3/4 of the entire territory is mountainous, with only narrow plains along the coast and rivers. The word Haiti means "mountainous country" in Indian language. The highest peak in the country is La Sal Mountain in the La Sal Mountains, with an altitude of 2,680 meters. The main river is the Artibonite River, and the valley is an important agricultural area. The northern part has a tropical rainforest climate, and the southern part has a savanna climate.

Population: 8.304 million, mainly black people, accounting for about 95%, and mixed-race and white people accounting for 5%. The population density ranks first among Latin American countries. The official languages ??are French and Creole, and 90% of the residents speak Creole. 80% of the residents believe in Roman Catholicism, 5% believe in Protestantism, and the rest believe in Jesus Christ and Voodoo. Voodoo is popular in rural areas.

Capital: Port-au-Prince is a famous port with a population of about 1 million.

Administrative divisions: The country is divided into nine provinces, with districts under each province. The nine provinces are: Northwest, North, Northeast, Artibonite, Center, West, Southeast, South, and Grand Bay.

Brief history: Haiti has a painful and tragic history. It has been a place where Indians have lived and multiplied since ancient times. In 1492, Columbus discovered the island of Hispaniola, today's Haiti and the Republic of Dominica, during his first voyage to the Americas. The island was colonized by Spain in 1502. In 1697, Spain signed the Treaty of Leswijk with France, calling the Spanish territory in the east of the island Santo Domingo, while the west was ceded to France and named French Saint-Domingue. From 1790 to 1803, a great uprising broke out among blacks in French Saint-Domingue. The uprising was successful on January 1, 1804, and they officially declared independence and established the world's first independent black republic, becoming the largest in Latin America. The country that gained independence first. Soon after independence, Haiti was divided between north and south due to civil war, and was reunited in 1820. In 1822, Haitian ruler Boyer successfully conquered Saint-Domingue and united the eastern and western parts of Hispaniola. In 1844, Saint-Domingue broke away from Haiti and became an independent country - the Dominican Republic. The period from 1844 to 1915 was a period of civil strife in Haiti, during which 22 rulers were replaced. It was occupied by the United States from 1915 to 1934. After the United States ended its occupation, Vincent and Lescaut became presidents of Haiti. In 1946, a military coup occurred in Haiti, with Dumas Esteime as president. In 1950, Colonel Paul Magloire became president. The Duvalier family implemented a dictatorship from 1957 to 1986. On February 7, 1986, under the impact of the people's struggle against tyranny, Duvalier fled to France. The National Ruling Council, headed by General Henry Nanfei, the former Chief of Staff of the Army, took over power. The first National Constituent Assembly election will be held on October 19. A new constitution was adopted in March 1987. On January 17, 1988, Maniga was elected president and formed a civilian government. Aristide was elected president at the end of 1990 and was overthrown by a military coup nine months later; from 1997 to 1999, Haiti's prime minister was vacant and the government fell into crisis.

Politics: The new constitution adopted in 1987 stipulates that the president shall be democratically elected for a five-year term. The President is the head of state and government and has executive power. Parliament is the national legislative body. The Cabinet is the executive branch of the government, consisting of the Prime Minister and Cabinet members who assist the President in his work.

Economy: It is one of the least developed countries in the world, mainly based on agriculture. The main mineral deposits include bauxite, gold, silver, copper, iron, etc. Among them, bauxite reserves are relatively large, about 12 million tons. There are also some forestry resources. The industrial base is weak and concentrated in Port-au-Prince, mainly including processing of supplied materials, textiles, shoemaking, sugar refining, building materials, etc. Agriculture is the main economic sector, but the infrastructure is weak and farming technology is backward. Nearly 2/3 of the country's population is engaged in agricultural production. The arable land area is 555,000 hectares. We cannot be self-sufficient in food. The main agricultural products include coffee, cotton, cocoa, rice, corn, sorghum, bananas, sugar cane, etc. Tourism revenue is one of the main sources of foreign exchange.

Most of the tourists come from the United States and Canada. The main seaports are Port-au-Prince and Cap-Haitien. Haiti is one of the poorest countries in the world, with 75% of its people living in abject poverty. Only 20% of the country's residents have access to running water, and the illiteracy rate is as high as 80%.

Diplomacy: A foreign policy that advocates the principles of national self-determination and non-interference.