The measures to be taken in the decoration of family listening room include sound insulation and sound absorption, and the object is invisible sound, which is definitely quite difficult. Some skills are needed in the actual treatment process. As far as sound insulation measures are concerned, there are great differences due to the different environment and playback volume. Generally, the sound insulation measures to be taken are divided into three levels: first, the sound insulation of doors and windows; The second is to soundproof the six sides of the room; The third is to create a "room in a room". The following are explained separately.
The most basic consideration is to strengthen the weaker parts first. Balanced sound insulation measures are very important. Taking the space agency with steel plate concrete structure as an example, the sound insulation characteristics of concrete walls can reach -50dB, while the sound insulation characteristics of windows are only -25dB. There is a gap of -25dB between them. Eliminating this gap is the purpose of sound insulation engineering. Even if you improve the sound insulation characteristics of the surrounding walls to -60dB, if any measures are taken for the original windows, the sound insulation characteristics of the whole room are still only -25dB. Just like a deep bucket, if a part is missing, water will flow out of it, and the depth of the bucket can only be counted as the location of the defect. For sound, it is also a truth.
Before soundproofing the audition room, carefully analyze where the sound will escape. Of course, measures should also be taken for walls and floors, but don't forget the doors and windows of the room, which are relatively weak parts. Sound leaks from these places, and the overall sound insulation characteristics of the room cannot be very high. If there is a sound foreign exchange, the first thing to pay attention to is doors and windows.
First, improve the sound insulation characteristics of doors and windows.
As a sound insulation measure for windows, the structure of double-layer windows is usually adopted. You can keep the existing window and add another window; Or remove the existing window and reinstall a glass designed according to the new standard. They all have the same thickness and the same resonance frequency. This will make the sound around this frequency stand out. Generally speaking, the interval between two windows should be 20cm-30cm. To achieve the same sound insulation effect of -50dB as concrete walls, it is best to keep the interval between two layers of glass above 30cm. It would be better if some sound absorption measures could be taken in this range. If properly constructed, this room can guarantee a sound insulation effect of -50dB.
The second weak link is the door. The worst sound insulation effect is the doors installed in general collective apartments and simple family decoration. The gap between the door and the door frame of plywood nails used in rough land construction is large, and its sound insulation characteristics are at most-15dB. The sound insulation characteristics of general residential doors can reach -25dB~-35dB. The performance is higher, and the iron gate used in the listening room is rarely seen in the house. Nowadays, more and more double-layer security doors have good sound insulation characteristics.
If the plywood door is to be converted into a soundproof door, the soundproof characteristics of the door should be consistent with those of the wall. If the sound insulation performance of the room wall is only -30dB, the installation of doors with sound insulation performance of -35dB will be suspected of exceeding the standard. Moreover, due to different manufacturers, the prices of doors with -30dB and -35dB are quite different.
Price cost is a very sensitive topic. Can you take some remedial measures yourself? If you improve the air tightness of the door yourself, you can also stick some rubber strips or sponges under the door, because the interval between the door frames is relatively reduced and the sound insulation characteristics are improved.
As for how much the sound insulation characteristics can be improved, the empirical data generally does not exceed -3dB~-5dB. It's not completely useless. It's better to stick something on it than to leave a gap like before.
Second, enhance the sound insulation characteristics of the wall.
As mentioned earlier, doors and windows are the weakest moving parts. The next work is to enhance the sound insulation characteristics of various walls. The load-bearing wall of ordinary residence adopts steel plate concrete or solid brick structure, which has good sound insulation effect. Most of the problems are caused by the lightweight hollow brick or chip board used in the partition wall, and the sound insulation characteristics are only -25dB~-30dB. Most home theater rooms have one or two walls of this structure. There is no doubt that this is the most serious place for sound leakage except doors and windows. If no measures are taken, the air vibration in the middle of the hollow brick will cause the wall vibration, which is very unfavorable to the sound quality. There are two concrete solutions. First, tear down the original wall and rebuild a soundproof wall; The second is to keep the original wall and add a soundproof wall.
Both methods have advantages and disadvantages. The first method is to remove the original wallboard, add gray cardboard on both sides and fill glass fiber in the middle. This plan will have a good effect. The second method is to keep the original partition wall and add several new columns to form a sound insulation wall, which is filled with glass fiber. This scheme adds a new wall, and its sound insulation characteristics are better than the previous scheme. However, it has the disadvantage of reducing the room width by several centimeters. In the case of limited space in apartments and other rooms, it may be more appropriate to rebuild the sound insulation wall.
If you are very concerned about the space in the room, it is also a way to choose the sound insulation board (lead board) sold in the market. However, to achieve the same sound insulation effect, this method costs more than twice as much as the first scheme mentioned above.
Third, create a "room in a room"
The following are the real sound insulation countermeasures. To achieve real sound insulation, it is natural to implement sound insulation measures on six sides of the room. If only the walls (partitions) of adjacent rooms have certain sound insulation performance, then the influence of floors and ceilings on sound will be more prominent. In order to prevent this from happening, corresponding measures must be taken for all six sides of the room to completely cut the bottom for sound insulation. In order to better improve the sound insulation characteristics of a room, it is to rebuild a room in the room, which is the so-called "room in the room" structure.
As the name implies, "a room in a room" means taking strict sound insulation measures for walls, floors and ceilings, and the final result is to construct another room inside the room. All recording studios adopt this structure. Therefore, the real sound insulation performance is higher than -50dB. Even a recording studio with ideal sound insulation characteristics of -60dB~65dB. In order to completely isolate the internal and external walls and not transmit any sound and vibration, it is necessary to use isolation devices in the structure of "room in room", which is complicated in construction. This level of sound insulation wall simply does not allow power, audio equipment, telephones, air conditioners and other sockets. There should be installation clearance. Therefore, when planning, we should consult a large-scale decoration company with corresponding qualifications. The manufacturing cost of "house in a room" will be much higher than any previous transformation method, reaching more than RMB 1 10,000 per square meter. Obviously, this is not what the average working class can expect. Finally, we should pay attention to the level of sound insulation, and know what standards our home theater should meet. Therefore, it is most important to take corresponding measures, spend the least money, and get the sound insulation effect equivalent to our economic ability and appreciation level.