After a period of intensive preparations, the head office of the pseudo-Central Reserve Bank (hereinafter referred to as the pseudo-Central Reserve Bank) was established in Nanjing on June 6, 1930. Vice-principals are Zhou Fohai and Qian University. Two weeks after the head office was established, that is, in the 30th year of the Republic of China1October 20th, 65438, Shanghai Branch also opened in the original site of the Bund 15 Kuomintang Central Bank. The manager is Qian Daxie, and the deputy managers are Wang and Shao Shuhua. The bureau and director of the head office often work in Shanghai, and the so-called Nanjing head office is just a name. 1July, 1933, the bank moved from No.5 Bund/kloc-0 to the newly-built16th floor China Bank Building on No.23 Bund for business.
The pseudo-China Bank has set up a huge Japanese consulting room with as many as 30 to 40 people. The chief consultant of the consulting office is Dr. Kimura, who was born in Nanman Railway Society and engaged in economic work. The deputy consultants are Ji Chuan and Kubo Taisaburo, both of whom are senior staff of the Bank of Japan. In fact, the consulting office holds the power of fake banks. Not only the issuance of banknotes and large loans must be approved by the Advisory Office, but also the conclusion of important rules and regulations, the issuance of important external documents, and the appointment and dismissal of personnel above the section chief. , it must be approved by the consultant office before it can be handled.
After the establishment of the pseudo-China Bank, the first thing to do was to issue "Central Reserve Bank Bonds", referred to as "China Bank Bonds". He also claimed: "The banknotes issued are legal tender, and all taxes, remittances and all public-private exchanges will be exercised. As for the various legal tender currently in circulation, it is temporarily allowed to circulate with the same value as the China Storage Certificate. " When China's national debt was first issued, it met with resistance from all sides. The puppet government of Wang had to promulgate the Provisional Regulations on the Crime of Attacking the New Legal Currency, mandatorily stipulating that all "central" taxes, such as customs duties, salt taxes and unified taxes, can only be collected by China bonds, and all military expenditures of the Japanese army and funds purchased by Japanese businessmen should be paid by China bonds. After the Pacific War, the Japanese army entered the concession, and Shanghai was completely occupied, making it difficult for legal tender to stand on its feet. A large number of certificates have been issued. The month of the incident was 65438+ February in the 30th year of the Republic of China, and 80 million yuan was issued in one month, accounting for 1/3 of the annual issuance. On May 3 1 the following year, the Ministry of Finance of the puppet government of Wang officially announced that the circulation of legal tender was prohibited, and the holders of legal tender were converted into national debt at the ratio of 2∶ 1. Since then, the circulation of certificates has increased dramatically. When the coupons were issued, they were 1 yuan, 5 yuan, 10 yuan, and there were various token coupons. In the same year, another coupon of 100 yuan was issued. Later, with the aggravation of inflation, 500 yuan coupons, 1000 yuan coupons, 5,000 yuan coupons and 1000 yuan coupons came out one after another, and finally 1000 yuan coupons appeared. By the time the Japanese puppet government collapsed, the amount of fake government bonds issued had reached 4.6 trillion yuan (including 2. 1 trillion yuan issued within one month after Japan surrendered to support the reception needs of the national government after its arrival in Shanghai), which was 10300 times the initial amount.
The second thing after the establishment of the pseudo-central bank was to provide the Japanese aggressor troops with military expenses for invading China. Before the establishment of the pseudo-China Bank, the Japanese invaders mainly used military tickets in Central China. After the establishment of the pseudo-Central Reserve Bank, the Japanese aggressor troops passed on this huge war expense to China Stock Exchange. 3 10 August 10, Japan's Yokohama Zhengjinyin Bank, located in Shanghai, signed a contract with the pseudo-Central Reserve Bank for "mutual deposit of military tickets and storage of certificates". According to the provisions of this contract, when the Bank of Zheng Jin needs to use the "middle-saving certificate", it only needs to collect a Zhang Jun ticket from its account book as the deposit of the reserve bank, and the reserve bank will convert it into "middle-saving certificate" according to the ratio of 18 and 100 as the deposit of the positive gold and silver bank. However, Zheng Jinyin Bank can continuously withdraw these "CSI deposits" from the reserve bank, but the reserve bank cannot withdraw these "military ticket deposits" from the Bank of Zheng Jin, and can only use them as the issuance reserve of "CSI deposits". In this way, under the guise of "mutual deposit", how many China certificates of deposit are needed by the Japanese side will be supplied indefinitely by the pseudo-China deposit bank. According to the report of the pseudo-China Bank, about 4.5 billion yuan was issued in the first half of 32 years of the Republic of China, of which 80% was about 3.6 billion yuan, which was put on the market by Japanese military and political organs and enterprises.
The third thing after the establishment of the pseudo-central bank was to issue huge loans to support the Japanese army's forced acquisition of materials in the occupied areas. In March 32 of the Republic of China, the Japanese occupation authorities instructed the Wang puppet government to set up the National Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai (hereinafter referred to as the "Chamber of Commerce"). After the establishment of the association, the Japanese army was able to use its affiliated institutions to further plunder materials in Shanghai and Central China. The affiliated institutions of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry are very large, including cotton industry, cotton products industry, silk industry, wool textile industry, chemical industry, alcohol industry, soap and candle industry, tobacco industry, glass industry, matches industry, leather industry, rubber industry, metal industry, electrical appliance industry, coal industry, department store industry and so on 16 industry associations. , as well as the miscellaneous grains industry and flour industry all over the country. In order to supply a huge amount of money to such a huge material search organization, the Pseudo-China Bank tried its best to organize dozens of banks in Shanghai, including the Shanghai branch of Japanese Zheng Jin and Sumitomo Bank, to supply a large amount of money to various loan consortia by means of lending, overdraft and rediscount. For example, in 32 years of the Republic of China, the bank organized a loan consortium to buy wheat and a loan consortium to buy rice, with total loans of 654.38 billion yuan each. Through the close cooperation between the branches of various banks and the local miscellaneous grains industry association, the plan of supplying Japanese grain was completed on time and in quantity. In the thirty-fourth year of the Republic of China, the defeat was finalized, and the Japanese invaders still wanted to struggle to make the final plunder. Only through the four special committees for rice, flour, cotton and oil of Shang Tong Association, the funds needed for searching for materials reached 654.38+0367 billion yuan, and the bank still organized various syndicated agents. The above-mentioned four professional committees circularly discount the funds to the syndicated borrowing banks by accepting bills of exchange, and each borrowing bank can rediscount all the borrowed funds to the banks at face value without having to advance the positions themselves.
In order to control and monopolize Shanghai's financial industry and financial market, the pseudo-Central Reserve Bank actively rectified Shanghai's public and private financial industry at the instigation of the Japanese army or with the consent and support of the Japanese army.
In June165438+1October, the Central Trust Company was established to engage in material procurement and commercial activities.
In September, 365,438+0, Bank of China and Bank of Communications were forced to reorganize and resume business, leaving the system of Chongqing Head Office.
On June+10 of the same year, according to the Interim Measures for the Administration of Financial Institutions and the Outline of Strengthening the Business of Financial Institutions in Shanghai Special City, strict controls were imposed on ordinary banks, money houses and trust companies, such as setting minimum capital, depositing deposit reserve, limiting loan amount, and stipulating that managers should not hold other positions. Offenders shall be given a lighter punishment and ordered to close down. A financial supervision office was set up in the fake bank, with Senior Colonel Zhou Fohai and Qian as the director and deputy director, responsible for this work.
In April, 1932, the former Central Savings Association was forcibly reorganized and restored. In June, he took over the clearing house of Shanghai Banking Joint Preparatory Committee. Since then, the bank has not only mastered the liquidation affairs of the exchange banks in the city, but also taken over the huge interbank deposits of the exchange, and strengthened the control of private banks through the exchange. In July, four banks, China Shang Tong, Siming, China Industry and China Domestic Products, which were jointly organized by the former officials and businessmen, were reorganized into peripheral banks of the bank.