1, foreign exchange reserve: refers to the current assets held by a country's monetary authorities in international currency, mainly in the form of foreign bank deposits and foreign government bonds.

2. Gold reserve: refers to the monetary gold held by the monetary authorities of a country. Under the international gold standard, gold reserve is a typical form of international reserve.

3. Special Drawing Rights (SDR): A book asset created by the International Monetary Fund in 1969, which is distributed to member countries in a certain proportion for international settlement among member governments and allows member countries to convert it into convertible currencies for international payment.

4. Reserve position of the International Monetary Fund.