Military science and technology: successful nuclear bomb explosion, rocket satellite launch, Shenzhou VI launch, Godson development and so on.
The rest of science and technology: Many people in China have won the Nobel Prize, and the research level of China scientists in some high-tech fields is ahead of the world, but the level of basic science and technology still lags behind that of developed countries in Europe and America.
Political status: As one of the five permanent members of the United Nations, with the growth of national strength, China's status in the world is getting higher and higher.
Economically: with the reform and opening up, the economy has developed rapidly, and the people of the whole country have gradually become rich (not finished).
Social culture: although the education system is wrong, it is many times higher than before the founding of the People's Republic of China, and the level of various arts and literature is getting higher and higher, gradually gaining a firm foothold in the international arena. The educational level of the people has generally improved. The World Expo was also held in China.
Film and television culture: I don't need to say more about this. The level of domestic film and television production has improved significantly. /kloc-where were there so many rich TV programs to watch 0/0 years ago? The artistic level is also improving. Folk art is also protected.
Sports: China's achievements are so brilliant that it has been ranked in the top three in successive human Olympic Games, and China's dominant events dominate all mankind. The recent events in Liu Xiang, Yao Ming and ice are even worse, and they have great influence all over the world. Gradually hold world-class major sports events: Olympic Games, F 1, Asian Games, etc.
Territorial: Recover Hong Kong and Macao.
National self-confidence: With the growth of national strength, people are getting richer, more confident and more particular. Recently, however, ultra-exclusive nationalism has risen, and irrational cynics have also had a certain impact on society. This is not conducive to the stability and development of China society. We can't have strong nationalism yet. Not yet.
On the political system: generally speaking, it is also improving.
Generally speaking, in these aspects, the political system is still far from perfect and corruption is serious. The ruling party is also fighting for democracy. I believe that with the strengthening of national strength, China will have a better future.
I. Biotechnology
Bioscience (1) 1965, China scientists successfully synthesized bovine insulin gene after decoding for the first time in the world. Tisliyus, chairman of the Nobel Prize Committee, commented: "What is more convincing than nuclear capability is insulin. Because people can learn how to make an atomic bomb from books, but they can't learn how to make insulin from books ... "(2) In April 1998, 15, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences successfully recombined human pancreatin by gene method. (3)1On March 9th, 984, China young scholar B. Shorgan cooperated with Japanese scholars to cultivate the world's first "test-tube goat". 1989, the "test-tube goat" was successfully cultivated. (4) Yuan Longping, known as the "father of hybrid rice" in the world, was the first indica hybrid rice bred in the world in 1973. Until the 1990s, the influence of hybrid rice continued.
Since Genetic Engineering (5) 1980, Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics and Fudan University Institute of Genetics have made great breakthroughs in the research of transgenic sheep containing human coagulation factor IX in milk, which has made China's transgenic sheep technology at the international leading level. China Education Network Literature Channel Text (6) The Animal Husbandry Institute of Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences has successfully bred a transgenic pig with low feed consumption, good meat quality and strong disease resistance. The total efficiency of gene introduction is 2. 1%, which is more than double that of foreign countries and exceeds the international advanced level. (7) As for genetic drugs, 1988, China has successfully developed a genetic engineering vaccine for hepatitis B; 1992, a number of genetic engineering drugs, such as synthetic artificial interferon, have been successfully developed to treat hepatitis A and hepatitis C, and some of them have entered the market.
Second, agricultural technology.
(8) As early as 1956, farmers' breeding experts in Guangdong Province cultivated the first short indica rice variety widely popularized in China. Since then, with the breeding and popularization of a series of dwarf varieties, 1965, dwarf indica rice was basically realized in southern China, and the yield per mu increased from 200-250 kg to 300-350 kg. (9) In 1990s, China agricultural scientists and technicians isolated and cloned the photosensitive genic male sterile gene by using modern biotechnology, and further developed a two-line hybrid rice technology using only male sterile lines and maintainer lines. It shows the characteristics of high yield, high quality and multi-resistance in large-scale trial planting in China, and the average yield per hectare can reach 1 1250 kg. (10)1995165438+10. In October, the State Key Laboratory of Institute of Plant Protection of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Biology Department of Shandong University jointly cultivated the world's first transgenic wheat variety with barley dwarf virus resistance. (1 1) 1997. In July this year, Huang Danian, a researcher at China Rice Research Institute, and his research collaborators successfully transferred herbicide-resistant genes into rice and applied them to hybrid rice after years of research. (12) 1997 10 in June, Guo Sandui, the biotechnology center of China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, successfully developed the first bivalent insect-resistant cotton in China. (13) 1998.9 In September, Professor Gao from the Institute of Nuclear Agronomy of Zhejiang Agricultural University and others led the research team to successfully cultivate transgenic rice with stem borer resistance for the first time in the world by Agrobacterium-mediated method. In addition, China has also made great achievements in advanced technology fields such as laser breeding, radiation mutation breeding and space breeding.
Third, industrial technology.
(14)1956 In July, Shenyang Aircraft Factory successfully trial-produced the first jet plane in China. (15)1957 In July, Kunming Machine Tool Factory successfully trial-produced the first high-precision electric coordinate boring machine in China. (16) 1957 10 China's first 1 150 mm blooming mill was successfully trial-produced by Angang No.2 blooming mill. (17)1958 In June, Changchun No.1 Automobile Factory successfully trial-produced the first domestic limousine in China. (18)1961April, Shanghai Jiangnan Shipyard successfully manufactured the first 10,000-ton hydraulic press in China.
Fourth, communication technology.
Large Computer (19)19831February, the Computer Research Institute of National University of Defense Technology developed a large computer system named "Yinhe". Since then, China has stepped into the ranks of the world's development giants. (20)19931010. In October, Shuguang-1 large parallel computer was successfully developed.
Microelectronics Technology (2 1) Since 1965 successfully developed the first monolithic integrated circuit, several key research and production bases of integrated circuits have been established successively. Now it can produce 250 million circuits every year, an increase of 45%. At the end of the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the mass production level of integrated circuits was 1- 1.5 micron, and the research level was 0.8 micron. The results were obtained in the pre-research of 0.5-0.6 micron process.
Intelligent robots (22) At present, the intelligent robots that have been successfully developed in China mainly include: mobile robots for nuclear industry; Wall climbing robot; Mobile robots working in harsh outdoor environment: underwater1000m and 6000m cableless robots. ...
Laser technology (23) After 10 years of research, China's research on X-ray, oxygen-iodine chemical laser, free electron laser, high-power solid titanium glass laser and excimer laser has reached or approached the international advanced level.
Three high-energy physics research devices (24) In the 1980s, China built three high-energy physics research devices, namely the Beijing Electron Positron Collider, the Lanzhou Heavy Ion Accelerator and the Hefei Synchrotron Radiation Facility.
New Material Technology (25) After the United States, German and a few other countries, scientists in China have developed microalloyed steel. Text of Document Channel of China Education Network (26) China has been able to draw large-diameter silicon single crystals with a diameter of 300mm and a weight of 8 1kg. The actual information compilation is at the international leading level.
Two bombs and one satellite (28)/KOOC-0/964/KOOC-0/KOOC-0/October/KOOC-0/6, China's first atomic bomb exploded successfully, which shocked the whole world. 1967, China's first hydrogen bomb exploded successfully. This is China's famous "two bombs". 1On April 24th, 970, China's first artificial satellite flew out of the earth and sang "Dongfanghong" into space. Since then, "two bombs and one satellite" has been written into the history of science and technology in new China. (29) 1960, China successfully developed the first short-range surface-to-surface missile.
Long March Series Rockets (30) China began to develop large-scale launch vehicle technology in the early 1960s. 1980 In May, the launch of a large launch vehicle into the Pacific Ocean was a complete success, which marked that China's launch vehicle technology reached a new level. (31)1981September 20th, China used a large rocket to launch three satellites with different purposes into Earth orbit for the first time, and successfully achieved the feat of multiple satellites with one arrow. (32) According to the needs of space transportation, China has successfully developed four kinds of Long March rockets: Long March 1, Long March 2, Long March 3 and Long March 4. At present, China's Long March rocket family has developed into nine types of rocket series, which makes foreign countries realize the carrying capacity and level of China's space flight, and indicates that China's space technology has a solid foundation.
Man-made Earth Satellite (33)1970 On April 24th, China launched its first man-made earth satellite and successfully put it into the scheduled orbit. 1on March 3, 972, China launched its second scientific and technological experimental satellite. 1975 165438+1October16 China's first recoverable remote sensing satellite was successfully launched.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) energy engineering
Peaceful use of nuclear energy (34)19661KLOC-0/0 In October, China successfully conducted its first missile nuclear weapon experiment. (35)1971August, the first nuclear submarine made in China was launched. (36) June 1958 With the help of the former Soviet Union, China built its first experimental atomic reactor. Qinshan Nuclear Power Station in Zhejiang Province is the first nuclear power station designed and built by China. The world's mature, safe and reliable PWR type is adopted, and the safety design standards that have been tested in practice are adopted. 1984 was started,19912 was completed, and it was connected to the grid for the first time. So far, China has two nuclear power plants, Qinshan and Guangdong Daya Bay, and the country plans to build four more nuclear power projects in the near future. (37) In addition, China is still developing several other nuclear reactors: 1, and Tsinghua University Nuclear Energy Design and Research Institute has successfully developed a 5 MW nuclear heating reactor; 26,000 kW advanced PWR nuclear power plant AC600, currently developed by China Nuclear Power Research and Design Institute; 3. The development of 10 MW high temperature gas-cooled reactor experimental reactor is currently under way in Tsinghua University Nuclear Energy Design and Research Institute; 4. The fast breeder reactor nuclear power plant is expected to be put into commercial operation around 2020; 5. Since 1958, fusion reactor nuclear power plant manufacturers have been included in the "863 Plan".