First, introduce the formula:
The direct method is to calculate foreign exchange risk exposure according to the import and export data of enterprises, and the specific formula is foreign exchange risk exposure = export foreign currency income-import foreign currency expenditure.
Among them, export foreign currency income refers to the foreign currency income obtained by enterprises in exporting products in overseas markets, and import foreign currency expenditure refers to the foreign currency expenditure paid by enterprises in importing products in overseas markets. This method is suitable for enterprises that already have import and export data, and can directly calculate foreign exchange risk exposure according to actual data.
The indirect method is to calculate the foreign exchange risk exposure according to the export contract amount and the income ratio of imported foreign currency. The specific formula is foreign exchange risk exposure = export contract amount ×( 1- income ratio of imported foreign currency). Among them, the export contract amount refers to the export contract amount signed by the enterprise and overseas customers, and the foreign currency income ratio refers to the ratio of the foreign currency income obtained by the enterprise from importing products from overseas markets to the export contract amount.
This method is suitable for enterprises that do not have specific import and export data, but can estimate the proportion of imported foreign currency income according to industry average data or forecast data to calculate foreign exchange risk exposure.
Second, expand the scope of knowledge:
Foreign exchange risk exposure refers to the risks brought by exchange rate fluctuations faced by enterprises in international trade activities. Enterprises need to carry out currency exchange when conducting transnational trade. The fluctuation of exchange rate will affect the cost and income of enterprises, thus affecting the profitability of enterprises. The calculation of foreign exchange risk exposure can help enterprises to evaluate and manage exchange rate risk and take corresponding hedging measures.
Currency exchange risk refers to the risk brought by currency fluctuation caused by exchange rate fluctuation when an enterprise conducts transnational trade. The fluctuation of exchange rate may lead to the change of foreign currency income or expenditure obtained by enterprises in the process of currency exchange, thus affecting the costs and benefits of enterprises. Enterprises need to predict and manage currency exchange risks to reduce the adverse effects of exchange rate fluctuations on enterprises.
Hedging refers to taking corresponding measures to offset or reduce the risks caused by exchange rate fluctuations. Enterprises can hedge foreign exchange risks in many ways, including using financial instruments such as forward contracts, options and currency swaps to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on enterprises.