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1. Commercial bank (CB for short) is a kind of bank, which is a financial institution that undertakes credit intermediary through deposit, loan, remittance and savings. The main business scope is to absorb public deposits, issue loans and discount bills. General commercial banks do not have the right to issue money, and the traditional business of commercial banks is mainly deposits and loans. The concept of "commercial banks" was originally used because such banks only engaged in "commercial" short-term lending business in the early stage of development. Generally speaking, the loan period does not exceed one year, and the loan target is generally businessmen and import and export traders.
2. The supervision rating system of banking financial institutions refers to the method and process by which banking supervision institutions objectively and quantitatively analyze and qualitatively judge the capital adequacy level, asset quality, operation and management status, profitability, liquidity and market risk sensitivity of banking financial institutions according to the information of banking financial institutions obtained through on-site inspection and off-site supervision, and then comprehensively evaluate the operation, management and risk status of the institutions.
3. The comprehensive rating results of commercial banks' regulatory rating are divided into six grades, and the results will serve as the basic basis for regulatory agencies to implement classified supervision and take regulatory measures according to law. For high-risk commercial banks with rating results of Grade 5 and Grade 6, the CBRC will continue to pay attention to supervision, limit their high-risk business behavior and require them to improve their operating conditions. When necessary, the CBRC may take regulatory measures such as replacing senior management personnel, arranging reorganization, taking over or even closing down.