20 15 ~ 202 1 100 average price and month-on-month change of new residential buildings in March Source: Zhong Zhiyuan.
According to the reporter's rough statistics, since 20021,the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development has sent a supervision team to Shenzhen, Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou, Wuxi, Chengdu, xi 'an and other cities to investigate and supervise the local real estate regulation and control work. In addition to the above cities, Ningbo, Jiaxing, Shenzhen, Wuhan and other cities have regulated various property markets more than 140 times.
Li Xiaoxiao, senior analyst of Tongce Research Institute, told reporters: "Compared with previous years, the toolbox for regulating the property market has been greatly enriched and more accurate. From the early national unified RRR cut and interest rate cut, to the restrictions on purchases and loans in core cities, to the' price limit, sales restriction, land-end fuse and lottery' policy in the last round of market cycle, and to the hot cities of second-hand housing transactions recently, the extension of the VAT exemption period has become one of the normalized property market regulation tools. "
The Source of Regulatory Policy Change: Central Finger Hospital
The talent purchase policy has been tightened step by step.
On April 2 1 day, Guangzhou issued a document overnight to regulate and control, and the notice clearly increased the period of exemption from value-added tax for individual sales houses in Yuexiu District, Tianhe District and Baiyun District from 2 years to 5 years, and stipulated that talents must provide social security certificates for continuous 12 months, and they could not pay back.
In fact, Guangzhou has issued a policy on April 2, stipulating that newly purchased houses (including newly-built commercial houses and second-hand houses) that enjoy the talent policy must be transferred after obtaining the property right certificate for three years. Two consecutive policies in half a month show that Guangzhou strictly controls the phenomenon of "real estate speculation by talents".
From the perspective of policy details, the promotion of restrictions on purchases and sales at the same time shows the optimization and upgrading of management in policy formulation. Yan Yuejin, research director of the think tank center of Yiju Research Institute, told reporters, "Recently, a number of regulations have been introduced continuously, indicating that the awareness of local governments has increased and the initiative of regulation has increased, which will help to find policy loopholes in time and have positive reference significance for other cities."
For cities with unbalanced regional markets, the policy of continuous adjustment and accurate patching shows the wisdom of balancing "regulation" and "inventory".
Take Nanjing as an example. On April 18, two months ago, the Office of the Leading Group for Promoting the Stable and Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market issued a notice to restrict newly settled people in Pukou, Liuhe, Lishui and Gaochun from buying commercial housing. It is required that commercial housing and second-hand housing can only be purchased in Pukou, Liuhe, Lishui and Gaochun District (excluding Jiangbei New District) within two years from the date of the last settlement.
According to the same policy data, the inventories of Pukou, Liuhe, Lishui and Gaochun by the end of March were 2.08 million square meters, 10 1 10,000 square meters, 830,000 square meters and 600,000 square meters, respectively. The total regional inventory ranks among the top in the city, especially in Pukou District, with the inventory exceeding 2 million square meters. A large amount of land will be released in the future of the Fifth Bridge and the south.
Fang Yufeng, an analyst with Tongce Research Institute, pointed out, "Under this background, newly settled people can only buy houses in the place where they settle down, which guarantees the housing rights of settled people and combats some real estate speculation in Nanjing. At the same time, the talent policy is superimposed on this purchase restriction policy to attract foreign customers to buy houses in four districts, aiming at reducing the inventory pressure in the peripheral areas. "
Another hot city, Hangzhou, has also restricted the purchase of houses by high-level talents in Hangzhou since April 9, and both singles and families must follow the current purchase restriction policy. This means that single talents are no longer eligible to buy a second suite, and talented families must meet the requirements of five years of settlement.
Regulatory policies have penetrated into prefecture-level cities and county-level cities.
Since the beginning of this year, the enthusiasm of the property market in the eastern coastal hot cities such as the Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao has obviously warmed up, and the heat has continuously spread to third-and fourth-tier cities and even county towns. According to the latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics, in March, the price index of second-hand houses in 70 cities and second-and third-tier cities rose by 0.4% and 0.3% respectively, and the second-hand houses in third-tier cities showed an expanding trend.
Zhejiang in the Yangtze River Delta is the province with the most regulation in counties and cities. Quzhou City has jurisdiction over Jiangshan City and Kaihua County. In April, a new property market regulation policy was introduced, and the land price limit, commercial housing sales restriction and pre-sale system were strictly limited.
Jiangshan City's New Deal stipulates that before land transfer, it should be clear that the house shall not be transferred within 5 years from the date of online signing and filing, which is in sync with Quzhou City's sales restriction policy. In this regard, Yan Yuejin pointed out that in the past, the restrictions on sales in many cities were aimed at housing transactions, but now Jiangshan City is at the forefront in land acquisition, which makes the restrictions on sales not only have a deterrent effect on buyers, but also have a deterrent effect on land acquisition by housing enterprises, which helps to reduce land speculation.
From 2020 to now, the source of price changes of second-hand houses in major urban agglomerations of Baicheng; Zhongzhiyuan
Previously, the regulation in Jinhua, Yiwu, Lishui, Yongkang and other places was mostly due to the recovery after the epidemic, and house prices and land prices rebounded strongly, causing overheating risks and triggering regulation.
However, the Yangtze River Delta is as hot as ever, with high premium plots and regional land kings appearing frequently. On April 4th, 14, plot B-2# on the south side of Jinjiao road in Lanxi, around Jinhua, after 477 rounds of fierce fighting, the land transaction for many years was broken at a premium rate of 88.9%, with a total transaction price of10100000 yuan and a floor price of 9633 yuan/square meter.
Chengdu's new real estate policy has taken comprehensive measures in finance, land and real estate market. While ensuring the reasonable housing demand of residents, it accurately corrected and stopped the behavior that disturbed the market order, and clearly conveyed the stable land price, housing price and expected control objectives to developers and buyers.
Number of high-priced land transactions in China since 2020 Source: Zhongzhiyuan
Many auction houses are included in the scope of purchase restriction.
The policy patch is getting finer and finer. Following the implementation of the auction house purchase restriction in Beijing on 20 17, Shanghai also quietly included the auction house in the purchase restriction at the beginning of 20021. This is the first time that Shanghai auction house has been included in the scope of purchase restriction. A few months later, Hangzhou, Hefei, Chengdu and other places followed the purchase restriction law.
The latest news is that on April 2 1 day, Changsha, a model of property market regulation, also announced that judicial auction houses would be included in the scope of purchase restriction. Yan Yuejin said, "This means that Changsha has begun to control housing speculation."
"Although there is no clear document in Changsha this time, it is actually similar to Shanghai before. In the specific judicial auction of housing, the relevant provisions of the purchase restriction will be clarified, so it can be understood as the direction of policy tightening. Judging from the actual situation, the real estate regulation in Changsha has been put in place in the past two years, but some judicial auction houses have also experienced price speculation because of unlimited purchases. The policy further shows that it is still strictly oriented, and it is expected that other cities across the country will also tighten their actions in judicial auction houses. " Yan Yuejin said.
Strictly check the illegal credit flowing into the real estate market
At the end of 2020, the Central Bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly issued the Notice on Establishing the Management System for the Concentration of Real Estate Loans in Banking Financial Institutions, which clearly set the upper limit of the ratio of real estate loans to individual housing loans for seven large Chinese banks, 17 medium Chinese banks, small Chinese banks and non-county agricultural cooperative institutions, county agricultural cooperative institutions and village banks, and ***5 institutions.
In February, several cities raised the upper limit of real estate loans and personal housing loans of small and medium-sized banks by 1 ~ 2.5 percentage points, and the types of indicators adjusted in different places were also different.
The report of the Central Reference Hospital pointed out that, on the one hand, under the fixed tone of "housing and not speculating", the current policy fully reflects the flexibility of policy-making due to the city, and all localities reasonably adjust the upper limit according to the actual situation; On the other hand, the increase in the proportion of real estate loans of small and medium-sized banks and the upper limit of individual housing loans is also conducive to ensuring the issuance of reasonable housing loans and ensuring the home demand of just-needed groups. It is expected that more provinces and cities will introduce relevant policies in the short term to guide the market to expect stability.
Subsequently, first-tier cities and several hot cities carried out strict investigation of illegal credit. In March alone, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and Hangzhou carried out intensive special inspections. According to the incomplete statistics of China Central Index Research Institute, at present, there are 135 commercial banks in Shanghai that have completed the special self-inspection of personal housing credit management, and found that there are four main problems, including illegal use of loan funds, some personal consumption loans and business loans flowing into the real estate market, lax verification of the source of down payment funds, and a small amount of down payment funds from non-owned funds. At present, the bank is making a rectification plan.
Guangdong banking institutions carried out self-inspection, and found that the amount of problem loans suspected of illegally flowing into the real estate market was 65.438+0.47 billion yuan, and 305 households were punished. In view of the above-mentioned violations, the banking institution will terminate the quota, settle the loan in full at one time and repay it in advance by installments.
Since the second half of 2020, banks under the jurisdiction of Beijing Banking Insurance Regulatory Bureau have started to conduct self-inspection on the compliance of personal business loans. Self-inspection found that the amount of personal business loans suspected of illegally flowing into the Beijing real estate market was about 340 million yuan, accounting for about 0.35% of the total business of self-inspection of business loans, some of which involved the imprudence of banks in handling business, and some involved borrowers deliberately evading review.
On March 26th, the China Banking Regulatory Commission, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the People's Bank of China jointly issued the Notice on Preventing Operating Loans from Illegal Flowing into the Real Estate Sector, which urged banking financial institutions to further strengthen prudent and compliant operation and prevent operating loans from illegally flowing into the real estate sector from the aspects of strengthening borrower qualification verification, strengthening credit demand review, strengthening loan term management, strengthening loan collateral management, strengthening post-loan management and strengthening bank internal management. At the same time, it is required to further strengthen the management of intermediary institutions, establish a "blacklist" of violations, increase the accountability of punishment and make it public on a regular basis.
Wang Xiaoyu, an analyst at Zhuge Housing Search Data Research Center, said: "There are many hidden dangers in the inflow of operating loans into the real estate market, which increases the leverage of the real estate market and is not conducive to the stable and healthy development of the real estate market."