1, according to the accounting school, importers and exporters. In trade, if transactions are denominated in currencies other than US dollars, there is exchange rate risk. In order to avoid this risk, importers and exporters can sign forward foreign exchange agreements.

2. Transnational corporations. Multinational companies need to consider exchange rate risk when making international investment or financing. Through the forward foreign exchange agreement, multinational companies can transfer the exchange rate risk of their future monetary income or expenditure to other counterparties.

3. Investment banks. Investment banks need to provide risk management services to customers. Through forward foreign exchange agreements, investment banks can provide customers with a way to avoid exchange rate risks.