Foreign exchange quotation adopts two-way quotation, that is, the bidder quotes both the buying exchange rate of the benchmark currency (in this case, US dollars) and the selling exchange rate of the benchmark currency. The former (1.4985) is the exchange rate at which the offeror buys the benchmark currency (USD) (1.4985 Deutsche Mark is the reward for buying the benchmark currency), while the latter is the exchange rate at which the offeror sells the benchmark currency (1.4993 Deutsche Mark is the reward for selling the benchmark currency), and the bid-ask spread is the middleman of the offeror. Because the bid-ask spread is generally small, it is simply expressed as: 1.4985/93.