Exchange rate changes will cause changes in the prices of import and export commodities, thus affecting a country's import and export trade. The devaluation of a country's currency is conducive to increasing its exports and curbing its imports. On the other hand, the appreciation of a country's currency is conducive to imports and is not conducive to exports; The impact of exchange rate changes on non-trade balance of payments is just like its impact on trade balance of payments.

The influence of exchange rate changes on a country's domestic employment, national income and resource allocation. When a country's local currency exchange rate drops and the foreign exchange rate rises, it is conducive to promoting its exports, curbing imports, and making its export industries and import substitution industries flourish, thus accelerating the development of the entire national economy, increasing domestic employment opportunities and increasing national income. On the other hand, if a country's currency exchange rate rises, its exports will be blocked; Imports have greatly increased due to the exchange rate stimulus, which has caused the country's export industry and import substitution industry to shrink, so resources will be transferred from export industry and import substitution industry to other departments.