First, a serious economic crisis. Since the late 1950s, the United States and the Soviet Union have been fighting for hegemony. The heavy burden of arms and various drawbacks in the economic system have seriously affected the healthy development of the Soviet economy. Since Khrushchev came to power in the 1950s, although several Soviet leaders reformed the old economic system, little was achieved.

Second, social unrest, all kinds of thoughts that deny history and oppose Marxism are rampant. The trend of the Soviet Union's denial of history can be traced back to Khrushchev's reign in the 1950s. 1956, Khrushchev made a secret report on "Personality Worship and Its Consequences" at the 20th Congress of the Soviet Union, which criticized Stalin's mistakes, caused a shock in the society, and then triggered a political "undercurrent" that totally denied Stalin, history and socialism.

1985 after Gorbachev came to power, a second wave of reappraisal of Stalin was set off, which made the "undercurrent" develop into a trend of thinking that denied Marxism and spread further. Gorbachev's new thinking with "pluralism", "openness" and "democratization" as the core and the spread of democratic socialism in the Soviet Union further confused people's thoughts and led to a serious shake of Marxism-Leninism.

At the same time, right-wing forces and ethnic separatism have risen, and social contradictions and ethnic contradictions have intensified sharply. Third, the influence of western forces. Western countries have always taken the Soviet Union as their main rival and pursued a peaceful evolution strategy of softening and dismembering.

For example, in order to encourage the implementation of the internal evolution policy of "new thinking", the west gave the Soviet Union some benefits to achieve the goal of stabilizing the Soviet Union; On the other hand, the West continues to encourage Soviet nationalists to engage in independence and division, so as to eventually dismember the Soviet Union.