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What measures has the People's Bank of China taken to deal with foreign exchange?
1, the amount of new foreign exchange in May may be between-80 billion and 50 billion yuan. Expectation of RMB appreciation, Hong Kong interest margin and China Merchants' foreign exchange supply and demand intensity index based on the middle price and spot exchange rate continued to decline. Combined with the continuous outflow of funds from emerging countries' capital markets, it shows that it is more likely that foreign exchange holdings will continue to weaken in May. At present, the European debt problem is in a stalemate, and we believe that it is unlikely that Greece will withdraw from the euro zone in a short period of time. However, the risks in Spain's financial system undoubtedly increase investors' worries, reduce their risk appetite, and allow funds to flow back to save themselves or seek assets with higher safety margins. There are still many uncertainties about the future trend of foreign exchange holdings. If the new foreign exchange holdings continue to be lower than the normal level, the central bank is likely to lower the statutory deposit reserve ratio again from the end of July to August.

We have reservations about the expectation of interest rate reduction in the near future. Undoubtedly, steady growth has become the main consideration of current policy orientation. It is expected that the policy will be further relaxed, and the pre-adjustment and fine-tuning will be more biased towards the real economy and stabilize economic growth. But that doesn't just mean cutting interest rates. There are two reasons why we have reservations about the current interest rate cut: first, the benchmark interest rate focuses on the medium-term inflation level of more than one year, and the interest rate increase is slow and low during the period of rising inflation; Similarly, in the absence of external shocks, inflation has steadily declined and interest rates have been lowered slowly. Second, good steel is used in the cutting edge, and interest rate reduction is the "nuclear weapon" of monetary policy. We should make a good plan for the further deterioration of the European debt problem. In view of this, we believe that interest rate cuts are most likely to occur in two scenarios. First, the recent disorderly exit of Greece from the euro zone or the collapse of Spanish banks has triggered turmoil in the European banking system; Second, from the end of July to the beginning of August, the domestic economic data for the first half of the year was released, and the economic situation did not improve, so the interest rate cut was once to stimulate the economy.

Considering both steady growth and managing inflation expectations, asymmetric interest rate hikes are possible.