Financial planning
Financial planning refers to the use of scientific methods and specific procedures to develop practical and operational financial planning for customers, mainly including cash planning, consumption expenditure planning, education planning, risk management and insurance planning, tax planning, investment planning, retirement planning, property distribution and inheritance planning. The purpose of financial planning is to enable customers to continuously improve their quality of life, even if they are old and weak or their income drops sharply, they can maintain the established standard of living. The goal of financial planning has two levels: financial security and financial freedom. Financial planning is a comprehensive process of evaluating the financial needs of individuals or families in all aspects. It is a comprehensive financial service that professional financial personnel analyze customers' life and financial situation by defining their financial objectives, so as to help customers make feasible financial plans.
Career introduction
Financial planner is a professional who provides comprehensive financial planning for customers. According to the National Professional Standard for Financial Planners formulated by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, a financial planner refers to a person who provides comprehensive financial consulting services for individuals, families, small and medium-sized enterprises and institutions by using the principles, techniques and methods of financial planning. Financial planning requires providing all-round services, so financial planners are required to master all kinds of financial tools and relevant laws and regulations, provide tailor-made and feasible financial plans for customers, and meet customers' long-term and ever-changing financial needs in the process of constantly revising the plans.
Career development and prospects
With the rapid development of China's economy in the past 30 years, the middle class and wealthy class are rapidly forming, and a considerable number of them are gradually developing from the stage of radical investment and rapid accumulation of wealth to the direction of steady and conservative investment, capital security and comprehensive financial management, so the demand for financial planners who can provide objective and comprehensive financial management services is growing rapidly. According to McKinsey's survey, China's personal financial market will grow to $57 billion in 2006, and professional financial management will become one of the most potential financial businesses in China. In contrast to the rising demand for financial services, the number of financial planners in China is obviously insufficient. The scale of China's domestic wealth management market far exceeds 654.38 billion yuan. A mature financial market requires at least one professional financial planner in every three families. Therefore, there is a gap of 200,000 financial planners in China and more than 30,000 in Beijing alone. In China, less than 65,438+00% of consumers' wealth has been professionally managed, compared with 58% in the United States. Financial planners can not only serve financial institutions, such as commercial banks and insurance companies, but also practice independently and provide financial services to customers as a third party. 1997 The average annual salary of financial planners in the United States was $65,438 +0 1 10,000, which was equivalent to the middle managers of large companies. The difference is that many of them only work 600 hours a year. In 200 1 America's "Job Evaluation" ranking, financial planners ranked first, including the presidency. So what's the salary of this new job? It is understood that the average annual income of financial planners in the United States is 65,438+065,438+000,000 US dollars, and the highest income of financial planners in Hong Kong last year reached more than 2 million Hong Kong dollars. Liu Yanbin, secretary general of the National Expert Committee of Financial Planners, believes that the annual salary of domestic financial planners "should be between100000 yuan and100000 yuan". With reference to the macroeconomic situation in China, it is not difficult to predict that financial planner will become another golden collar career with broad development prospects in China after lawyers and certified public accountants.
Ability requirements: you must have four basic qualities.
● Have professional qualification certification.
In 2005, financial planners began to be certified nationwide, stipulating that in order to obtain the qualification of financial planners or practice in the name of financial planners, they must pass the entrance examination for financial planners. As a professional financial manager, you must have relevant qualification certificates to prove that you have the level of a professional financial manager.
● Rich working experience.
Financial consultant is a very practical profession, and it must have practical operation ability to create value for customers in the process of financial management, that is, it must have the ability to help customers "make money". Therefore, employees must have profound professional knowledge, skilled investment and financial management skills and rich financial management experience, and be familiar with financial business fields such as stocks, funds, bonds and foreign exchange.
● Be able to formulate professional financial management plans.
Only when an excellent financial adviser has considerable professional knowledge and keen insight can he make various financial plans such as savings plan, insurance plan, investment plan, retirement plan, tax countermeasures, etc. according to the income and expenditure changes of individuals or institutions in different periods of career development, and according to investors' different investment preferences, capital scale and personal wishes.
● Professional attitude of honest service.
In the financial industry, due to the particularity of jobs, honesty is the foundation and one of the most important qualities that financial practitioners must possess. It is most basic not to cheat investors. What is more important is to actively inform investors of various investment costs, hidden risks and ways to avoid risks, so as to establish a good credit.
Guidance for further studies: Choose the study direction according to different people.
● Systematically learn the contents of investment and financial management.
Financial management is a comprehensive project, which involves stocks, bonds, funds, insurance, foreign exchange, gold, various collectibles, real estate and other fields, and understands the financial characteristics of these different products, such as profitability, liquidity, risk and so on.
Choose the direction that suits you.
In the financial industry, financial practitioners include bank presidents, bank personal business managers, securities managers, fund managers, insurance financial managers, professional financial planners, commissioners and so on. Different positions determine different learning contents, and also form differences in course selection. Therefore, we should fully understand the teaching content that each certificate focuses on, and then choose the certification certificate that suits us according to our own development needs.
● Pay attention to actual combat drills.
Because professional financial managers must have knowledge in the field of financial investment and the ability to make financial plans by using various financial products, which are not available in classroom learning, they must do practical operations, find practical opportunities from relatives and friends, and try their best to apply what they have learned to practice. Only in this way, training is not a "class" and certificates will not become "pocket certificates"
operating duty
In the practical work of financial planning, the goals of financial security and financial freedom are embodied in eight specific plans, such as cash planning, consumption expenditure planning, education planning, risk management and insurance planning, tax planning, investment planning, retirement planning, property distribution and inheritance planning, which are concentrated in the following eight aspects:
Necessary liquidity of assets. Individuals hold cash mainly to meet daily expenses, emergency prevention and speculative needs. Individuals should ensure that they have enough funds to pay planned and unplanned expenses, so financial planners should not only ensure the liquidity of customers' funds, but also consider the holding cost of cash, make cash on hand meet short-term needs through cash planning, and meet expected cash expenditures through various short-term investment tools.
Reasonable consumption expenditure. The primary goal of personal financial management is not to maximize personal value, but to make personal financial situation stable and reasonable. In real life, reducing personal expenses is sometimes easier to achieve financial goals than seeking high return on investment. Through consumption expenditure planning, personal consumption expenditure is reasonable, and the household income and expenditure structure is generally balanced.
Realize educational expectations. Education is the foundation of life. With the changes of the times, people's requirements for education are getting higher and higher. Coupled with the increasing education expenditure, the proportion of education expenditure is increasing. Customers need to plan their education expenses as early as possible, make a reasonable financial plan, and ensure that they have the ability to pay their own and their children's education expenses reasonably in the future, so as to fully meet the educational expectations of individuals (families).
Complete risk protection. In one's life, risks are everywhere. Financial planners make appropriate financial arrangements through risk management and insurance planning to minimize the losses caused by accidents, so that customers can better avoid risks and protect their lives.
Reasonable tax payment arrangements. Paying taxes is everyone's legal obligation, but taxpayers often want to minimize their tax burden. In order to achieve this goal, financial planners make full use of the preferential and differential treatment stipulated in the tax law, and appropriately reduce or delay the tax expenditure by pre-planning and arranging the taxpayer's economic activities such as operation, investment and financial management.
Accumulate wealth. The increase of personal wealth can be achieved by reducing expenditure, but the absolute increase of personal wealth will ultimately be achieved by increasing income. Wage income is limited, and investment is completely characterized by actively striving for higher returns. The rapid accumulation of personal wealth is mainly achieved through investment. Financial planners can determine effective investment schemes according to financial objectives, personal investable amount and risk tolerance, so that investment will bring more and more income to individuals or families, gradually become the main source of income for individuals or families, and finally reach the level of financial freedom.
Enjoy your old age. When people reach old age, their income ability will inevitably decline. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out financial planning in the middle-aged and young people in order to achieve the dignified and independent life goal of "providing for the elderly, having a proper end and enjoying the old age".
Ideal property distribution and inheritance. Property distribution and inheritance is an inevitable part of personal financial planning. Financial planners should try their best to reduce the expenses incurred in the process of property distribution and inheritance, assist customers to distribute property reasonably and meet the needs of family members at different stages of family development. It is necessary to choose estate management tools and make estate distribution plans to ensure that family property can be passed down from generation to generation when customers die or lose their capacity.
About the Oriental Wall
Since the establishment of 1994, Oriental Wall is the earliest financial professional research institution in China, and also the designer and maker of national professional standards for financial planners. In 2003, entrusted by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China (formerly the Ministry of Labor and Social Security), Beijing Oriental Wall Financial Consulting Co., Ltd. presided over the research and development of ChFP (CHFP system, and assumed the secretariat function of the financial planner professional committee of the National Vocational Skills Appraisal Committee. In the same year, entrusted by the Vocational Skills Appraisal Bureau of the former Ministry of Labor and Social Security, it organized the compilation of the first national professional standard for financial planners in China, and has been responsible for the compilation and continuous revision of the chfp unified teaching material (version 1-4). It is the professional training institution of national financial planner (ChFP) with the most leadership and brand appeal in China, and has been deeply involved in the development of China's financial industry in recent years.