1. Intra-company loan refers to a way that multinational companies consciously use the differences of foreign exchange control and tax laws and regulations in the countries where their subsidiaries are located to provide funds to each other to realize internal suburban transfer, and it is also an important part of the internal fund transfer mechanism of multinational companies.
2. If there are no restrictions on the transfer of funds in the country where the subsidiary is located, the parent company can lend it directly to the subsidiary in the currency of any party or a third party. The interest rate of direct loans within the company is actually the internal transfer price of funds. If there are restrictions on the transfer of funds in the country where the subsidiary is located, the parent company will use circuitous loans to bypass the foreign exchange control in the country and realize the internal transfer of funds.
1. Loan is a form of credit activity in which banks or other financial institutions lend monetary funds at a certain interest rate and must return them. Loans in a broad sense refer to loans, discounts, overdrafts and other borrowing funds. Banks put concentrated money and monetary funds out through loans, which can meet the needs of social expansion and reproduction and promote economic development. At the same time, banks can also obtain loan interest income and increase their own accumulation.
2. The "three principles" refer to safety, liquidity and efficiency, and are the fundamental principles of commercial banks' loan operation. Article 4 of People's Republic of China (PRC) Commercial Bank Law stipulates: "Commercial banks should operate independently, bear their own risks, be responsible for their own profits and losses, and be self-disciplined, and take safety, liquidity and efficiency as their operating principles."
3. Loan security is the primary problem faced by commercial banks; Liquidity refers to the ability to recover the loan according to the predetermined time limit or realize it quickly without loss to meet the needs of customers to withdraw deposits at any time; Efficiency is the basis of sustainable operation of banks. For example, if a long-term loan is issued, the interest rate will be higher than that of a short-term loan, and the benefit will be good. However, if the loan term is long, the risk will increase, the security will decrease and the liquidity will weaken. Therefore, the "three natures" should be harmonious, so that there can be no problem with the loan.