In people's daily life, of course, those private ordinary commercial banks occupy a dominant position. Among them, there are 12 large city banks in China: dai-ichi kangyo bank, Sakura Bank, Fuji Bank, Daiwa Bank, Mitsubishi Bank, Sanhe Bank, Donghai Bank, Concord Bank, Daiwa Bank and Bank of Tokyo. Jade Bank, hokkaido takushoku bank and so on. The total capital of these twelve banks accounts for a quarter of the total capital of all financial institutions in Japan.
Opening an account in a bank is a very common thing for Japanese. Because using a bank account, people can not only save money, but also transfer money, which is very convenient. Such as rent, utilities, telephone charges, etc. It can be directly removed from the customer's account by the bank. Personal salary or other income can also be directly transferred from the other party to the passbook account.
The general deposit business of Japanese banks includes demand deposit, time deposit, lump-sum deposit and withdrawal deposit, and high-interest deposit.
When opening an account in a bank, fill in the deposit slip first. The name, address, telephone number, deposit amount and other items to be filled in on the deposit slip. Give the deposit slip, cash and seal to the bank staff, and then he will make the passbook and return it to you after sealing it. After each deposit, you only need to take the passbook and cash, fill out the deposit slip, and you must also bring your stamp to go through the withdrawal procedures.
Now in Japan, people are more accustomed to using deposit and withdrawal credit cards. To handle the deposit and withdrawal credit card, you must set a four-digit password. With the deposit and withdrawal credit card, you can freely deposit and withdraw money and check the existing deposit amount directly with the card machine set up by the bank without passbook and seal, and without filling in the deposit and withdrawal forms one by one. In addition, the opening hours of Japanese bank windows are relatively short. They usually close at 3 pm, Saturday and Sunday, while the card machine can continue to open until 6 pm. This expands the time range of deposit and withdrawal, and also brings convenience to people.
The currency of Japan is called yen. Word representation. There are two kinds of money: paper money and coins. At present, the face value of paper money issued in Japan is 10000? ,5000? 1000? Three kinds (original 500? Paper money is not common now, but it can still be used. What is the face value of the coin? ,50? , 10? ,5? , 1? , six kinds. The Japanese yen is now one of the 18 freely circulating currencies in the world. It is also convenient to exchange Japanese yen for other world foreign exchange. In addition to the Bank of Tokyo, a specialized foreign exchange bank, nearly 65,438+090 other banks have been approved by the Japanese Ministry of Finance to conduct foreign exchange business. These banks that can conduct foreign exchange business are often called.
In addition to these Japanese banks, more than 70 foreign banks have opened more than 90 branches in Japan. Among them, Bank of America accounts for one third. There are also banks in Britain, France, Germany and Switzerland. 70% of the branches of these banks are concentrated in the capital Tokyo, and the rest are scattered in large and medium-sized cities such as Osaka, Yokohama and Kobe. The main businesses of foreign banks are also deposits, loans and foreign exchange. But their savings are not high, accounting for only 1% of the total savings of Japanese banks. The loan ratio exceeds 3% of the total bank loans in Japan. In addition to the branches of these foreign banks, more than 100 banks have offices in Japan. The Bank of China also has a permanent office in Tokyo.
At present, many Japanese banks have established business relations with China Construction, among which Sanhe Bank has taken the lead. Sanhe Bank established agency business with Bank of China on 1963. Then I participated in the Canton Fair as a Japanese bank for the first time in 197 1. 1972 reached a preliminary agreement with the head office of the Bank of China on direct settlement of Japanese yen and RMB. After 1980, Sanhe Bank actively devoted itself to the development of banking business in China. Up to now, it has set up five permanent representative offices in Beijing, Dalian, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangzhou, and opened branches in Shenzhen and Pudong, Shanghai. Now it has established banking business with China, with banks with permanent representative offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Dalian, Guangzhou, Tianjin and Shenzhen, as well as dai-ichi kangyo bank, Sakura Bank, Fuji Bank, Sumitomo Bank and Mitsubishi Bank.
However, from a few years ago, the growth of bank deposits in Japan began to slow down. Of course, this dizziness has something to do with Japan's overall economic growth rate and prosperity. But there are other reasons. One of the reasons is the increase in postal savings of one of the government financial institutions. According to some data, by 1975 (50 years of Showa), the total savings of Japan's postal service finally exceeded the 50 trillion yen mark. Especially from 40 trillion yen to 50 trillion yen, it only took a short year and five months. The increment is equivalent to the total savings of a large city bank. Postal savings have grown so fast because the interest on low savings (less than 3 million yen at first, and then less than 6 million yen) is not taxed. Faced with this competition, banks have also implemented similar policies. That is, the so-called time deposit with compound interest on a specified date, interest tax exemption for low-amount savings (below 3 million yen) (commonly known as the system) and so on. However, shortly after the implementation, it was found that many people took advantage of this and opened low-amount savings accounts under pseudonyms to evade taxes. As a last resort, 1988 (Showa 63) abolished the system. Another reason is that because of the low interest rate of bank savings, more Japanese people are keen on stock trading now. Especially with the use of home computers, many people can sit at home and get relevant stock information without going to the exchange, or simply buy and sell stocks through computers. Some people even regard this kind of stock trading as a money game. Although buying stocks involves certain risks, once you look at the market and buy bull stocks, the income you get is far greater than the interest on bank savings. As a result, the stock exchange market has robbed more and more customers from banks. Faced with this phenomenon that people are increasingly divorced from banks, Japanese bankers will have to rack their brains and work hard in the future to maintain their position in the financial sector.