1, different concepts.
A commercial bank is a kind of bank, and its duty is to act as a credit intermediary for financial institutions through deposits, loans, remittances and savings. The main business scope is to absorb public deposits, issue loans and discount bills. General commercial banks do not have the right to issue money, and the traditional business of commercial banks is mainly deposits and loans.
The People's Bank of China is the central bank of People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council. Under the leadership of the State Council, formulate and implement monetary policies, prevent and resolve financial risks, and maintain financial stability.
2. Substantive differences
The essence of the People's Bank of China is the central bank of People's Republic of China (PRC), which is composed of various departments in People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council. A commercial bank is a kind of bank, and its duty is to act as a credit intermediary for financial institutions through deposits, loans, remittances and savings.
3. Different functions
The function of the People's Bank of China is to formulate the reform, opening-up and development plan of the financial industry, comprehensively study and coordinate and solve major problems in financial operation, and promote the coordinated and healthy development of the financial industry. Take the lead in coordinating national financial security work and safeguarding national financial security. Formulate the basic system of prudential supervision and establish and improve the basic system of financial consumer protection. Formulate and implement monetary and credit policies, improve the monetary policy control system, and be responsible for macro-prudential management.
Assume the role of lender of last resort, and be responsible for inspecting and supervising the use of financial institutions of the central bank to resolve financial risks. Supervise and manage the inter-bank bond market, money market, foreign exchange market, bill market, gold market and related OTC derivatives in the above markets.
Responsible for formulating and implementing RMB exchange rate policy, promoting cross-border and international use of RMB, maintaining international balance of payments, implementing foreign exchange management, tracking and monitoring international and domestic financial markets and risk warning, monitoring and managing cross-border capital flows, and holding, managing and operating national foreign exchange reserves and gold reserves.
The function of commercial banks in regulating economy means that commercial banks can regulate the shortage of funds in all aspects of society through their credit intermediary activities. A commercial bank is a bank that can absorb all kinds of deposits and issue loans with all kinds of deposits absorbed.
Through the bank's debt business, all kinds of idle money in the society will be concentrated in the bank, and then invested in all sectors of the economy through the asset business. Realize the financing of funds, and obtain interest income from the difference between the cost of absorbing funds and the interest income of loans and investment income, thus forming bank profits.