China handicraft industry has a long history, numerous industries and wide distribution, and occupies an important position in the national economy. After 1949, craftsmen embarked on the road of socialist cooperation and gradually stepped into the track of modernization. The handicraft industry has been revitalized, the level of mechanization has been continuously improved, and the excellent national traditions have been inherited and innovated. Developing handicraft industry plays an important role in producing daily consumer goods, creating artistic treasures, meeting people's material and cultural needs, increasing employment opportunities and promoting national economic development. After the reform and opening up, China's handicraft industry has developed greatly. Handicraft products can not only sell well in the domestic market, but also be welcomed in the international market, which has played a certain role in creating foreign exchange and increasing accumulation for the country.
Industry
Viewpoint 1: It belongs to the primary industry (agriculture).
Reason: Handicraft industry still belongs to manual labor and is the product of agricultural civilization.
Viewpoint 2: It belongs to the secondary industry (industry).
Reason: First of all, look at the literal: handicraft industry, handicraft industry. It is a branch of industry and belongs to the secondary industry.
The primary industry agriculture includes agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery.
The secondary industry, industry, including heavy industry, light industry, and of course handicraft industry! (Perhaps the National Development and Reform Commission omitted the definition of industry. )
The tertiary industry and service industry include food, clothing, housing and transportation.
Don't think that industry is a big manufacturer of machinery and equipment. In fact, many small factories belong to the industrial category. No matter arranging flowers, weaving straw hats, collecting shoes and frying tea, they are all small factories, commonly known as workshops.
Industry is different from other industries in manufacturing, that is, making raw materials into finished products that can be directly used in life and production, that is, producing goods with use value. Handicraft industry has this!
Most craftsmen are farmers, and most of the sites are in the countryside. We should not decide that handicraft industry is agriculture according to this phenomenon, but should distinguish it in essence.
Related industry
A, metallurgical industry:
1. Copper smelting: From Erlitou culture period to the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, it was the bronze age in China, and the bronze casting skills in Shang and Zhou Dynasties were quite mature.
2. Iron smelting industry: People invented the technology of smelting pig iron and steel in the Spring and Autumn Period.
3. Fuel: Before the Han Dynasty, people used charcoal as fuel. From the Han Dynasty, coal was used as fuel, and it became popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, it was changed to cola, which became popular in the Ming Dynasty.
Two. Textile industry:
Silk industry: In ancient times, people learned the techniques of sericulture and silk reeling. From the Western Zhou Dynasty, the silk industry made rapid progress, and became a silk country in the Han Dynasty, until the silk reeling technology appeared in the Tang Dynasty.
For example: Gao Qiao hand embroidery.
Gao Qiao's hand embroidery is simple and vigorous. At the same time, with the strong contrast of red, green and purple, it is bright but not vulgar.
Gao Qiao's hand embroidery originated in Nanling, Shushui, with a history of more than 260 years. It is different from Suzhou embroidery and Jiangnan silk reeling, but it perfectly combines the plane decoration of embroidery with the three-dimensional sense of sculpture, and its shape is simple, simple and generous, slightly exaggerated; At the same time, with the strong contrast of red, green and purple, it is gorgeous but not vulgar, with lively shape and strong festive color. Hand embroidery is very common in Gao Qiao. From girls to old women, people can take out embroidery needles and fly around.
2. Cotton textile industry: cotton planting was extended to the mainland in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty, and "bullet-resistant textile" was popularized in Huang Daopo in the Yuan Dynasty. She invented the pedal three-spindle spinning wheel instead of manual one-spindle spinning wheel, and advanced technology made Songjiang the national cotton textile industry center in Yuan and Ming Dynasties. In the late Ming Dynasty, cotton cloth became the main source of clothing.