After the founding of New China, the basic task of Guangzhou Customs is to supervise and manage inbound and outbound goods, means of transport, passengers' luggage and postal articles, collect customs duties and other taxes and fees collected by the customs according to law, ban smuggling and make statistics. The management of port facilities, berths, lighthouses and other navigational AIDS that are not directly related to the customs has been abolished, and the work of supervising legal entry and exit, investigating smuggling and tax collection has been juxtaposed, showing the role of the customs in guarding the country. In the first five years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Guangzhou Customs implemented the national foreign trade control policy, and at the same time levied tariffs according to the established people's tariffs to protect and promote the recovery and development of the national economy. Strengthen the supervision of the import and export goods of private traders, facilitate legal entry and exit, and crack down on the economic damage and illegal acts of lawless elements. For the goods of state-owned foreign trade companies, under the premise of adhering to the necessary system, the procedures should be simplified as much as possible to promote their rapid operation. Especially in the "anti-embargo" struggle of 195 1, Guangzhou Customs actively took various flexible measures to speed up the inspection and release of a large number of materials imported from Huangpu, Dachan and other places, and played a close role in cooperation with the people's customs.
From 1955 to 1956, the foreign trade of Guangzhou Port has gradually changed from a variety of economic components to a single economy owned by the whole people, and the professional import and export companies under the Ministry of Foreign Trade of Guangzhou have been able to control all import and export goods. Guangzhou Customs adapts to the development of the situation, further simplifies the supervision procedures, facilitates freight transportation, and shifts the supervision focus from import and export goods to non-trade goods. At this time, the superior instructed that it is a basic task of the customs to supervise the correct handling, storage, transportation, inspection and exposure of all accidents that may cause national losses. During the more than 20 years from now to 1979, Guangzhou Customs has done a lot of work in freight supervision, which has avoided the abnormal phenomena such as wrong delivery of import and export goods, damaged packaging, chaotic marking and coding, and reduced the country's foreign exchange losses.
In the mid-1950s, the number of inbound and outbound postal articles at Guangzhou Port increased year by year, especially the number of imported small parcels mailed by Southeast Asian countries ranked first in the national customs supervision. Guangzhou Customs has improved the efficiency of package inspection from all aspects, and grasped the standards of exemption, inspection and release of different objects legally and reasonably according to the principle of "reasonable quantity for personal use".
During the difficult economic period in the third year of 1960s, the grain, oil and non-staple food imported by mail from abroad, Hong Kong and Macao increased greatly. 196 1 year imports more than 9 million postal parcels from Guangzhou. According to the characteristics of small parcels imported at that time, Guangzhou Customs concentrated manpower, optimized combination, improved inspection technology, simplified inspection procedures and accelerated inspection and release.
10 During the Cultural Revolution, all the work of Guangzhou Customs was seriously disturbed and suffered setbacks since the founding of the People's Republic of China. 1967 in the second half of the year, the import and export tariffs of state-owned foreign trade professional companies were stopped, and the compilation of customs statistics was interrupted; At the end of 1968, a large number of cadres delegated labor. From 1969 to 1970, Guangzhou Customs only had more than 200 people to maintain their work, and once stopped the actual supervision of import and export goods; 197 1 Implementing the decision of the National Conference of Customs Directors, the work policy was changed from "economic and political security" to "political and economic security", which led to stricter supervision of non-trade goods at work.
1979 After the reform and opening up, Huangpu Customs was changed into an independent customs directly under the General Administration of Customs, and Guangzhou Customs and Huangpu Customs were established in Guangzhou Port. Due to the rapid development of Guangzhou's export-oriented economy, the foreign trade volume of multi-head operation has increased rapidly. In accordance with the working principle of "supervising and collecting taxes according to law, facilitating legal entry and exit, stopping illegal smuggling, and ensuring and promoting the four modernizations", we will gradually restore the normal supervision function, relieve the responsibility of inspecting and exposing freight accidents, restore the unified import and export declaration form in history as the basis for customs supervision, and strengthen the legal entry and exit of goods. After 1986, Guangzhou Port Customs implemented the policy of "promoting first", continuously deepened the reform of customs declaration and inspection system, actively supported and promoted the development of "agent customs declaration" in the professional direction, and exerted the power of enterprise self-management and social management, and gradually formed a customs management system that matched early management, on-site management and follow-up management. There are quite a variety of customs transport tools in Guangzhou Port, and the import and export goods under supervision involve a variety of trade modes, and the number is increasing year by year, ranking among the best in the national customs. At the same time, in the inspection of passengers' luggage and articles, Guangzhou Port Customs reformed its supervision mode and simplified customs clearance procedures, from manual operation to technical inspection, from the establishment of "duty-free channel" to the internationally accepted "red tariff and green channel system", which further accelerated the speed of passengers' entry and exit.
Since Guangzhou Port Customs fully resumed its taxation function, it has not only implemented the tariff revised by the state according to the needs of national economic development, but also strengthened the inspection, valuation and taxation work in all aspects, and also approved the tax reduction and exemption of goods imported and exported by new trade methods in accordance with the policy. The collection of tax and the approval of tax reduction and exemption are in the forefront of the national customs. And organize audit, finance, taxation and other relevant departments, adhere to the regular tax inspection system, to prevent leakage and wrong collection.
After the reform and opening up, since the founding of the People's Republic of China, serious smuggling activities have taken place in Guangzhou Port. Guangzhou and Huangpu have strengthened their anti-smuggling efforts, won the support of relevant departments, cracked down on smuggling activities in various channels, and played a positive role in maintaining the economic construction of Guangdong Province.
At the same time, Guangzhou Port Customs resumed compiling statistical data. In order to make customs statistics better serve the national economy, Guangzhou Customs actively introduces advanced scientific and technological equipment. In 1983, data was submitted by tape for the first time instead of mailing the original statistical data. In 1990, it was changed to computer network, which greatly improved the timeliness and accuracy of customs statistics. At the same time, actively carry out statistical analysis, compile statistical publications, provide information for national economic departments and local governments, and give play to the supervisory role of customs statistics.
The 300-year history of the rise and fall of Guangzhou Port Customs is the epitome of the economic and social development of Guangzhou Port and the witness of the history of modern imperialist aggression against China. With the return of customs sovereignty, the customs history of Guangzhou Port has turned a new page, especially in the period of national reform and opening up, which played a role of "gatekeeper" and "service" with promotion as the main role. With the arrival of the 2 1 century, the customs will make new contributions to promoting the country's foreign economic and trade, scientific and cultural exchanges and ensuring socialist modernization.