The company is preparing a balance sheet for the first time, how to fill it in 5 points
The company is preparing a balance sheet for the first time and fill in the debit and credit balances in the account summary table respectively.
The first entry is the increase in bank deposits and paid-in capital. The question you asked may be that the paid-in capital, that is, the registered capital is not actually in place. Gong Ru has a bank deposit of 50,000, but the registered capital is 100,000. The main reason is that there is no capital verification when applying for a business license, and the registered capital can be in place within the specified period (i.e., post-positioned). Therefore, registered capital is greater than bank deposits (that is, paid-in capital). In terms of accounting processing, you can:
Debit: bank deposit 50,000
Other receivables 50,000 (can be a legal person or shareholder)
Loan: paid-in capital 100000
For others, prepare an account summary table based on the actual amount incurred, and prepare a balance sheet based on the debit balance and credit balance in the account summary table.
How to prepare material procurement on the balance sheet
Yes, it is listed as inventory on the balance sheet.
The "inventory" item reflects the net realizable value of the company's inventory in storage, in transit and in processing at the end of the period, including various materials, commodities, products in progress, semi-finished products, packaging, low-value transactions Consumables, consignment products, etc. This project should be based on the total closing balance of "materials in transit", "materials", "low-value consumables", "inventory goods", "entrusted processing materials", "entrusted sales of goods", "production costs" and other accounts, minus Enter the amount after the closing balance of the "Provision for inventory decline" account. Enterprises that use planned cost accounting for materials and planned cost or selling price accounting for inventory goods should fill in the amount after adding or subtracting the material cost difference and the price difference between purchase and sale of goods.
"Material procurement" is an account used to account for materials that have not been inspected and are in the warehouse and are in transit according to the planned cost method. "Materials in transit" is an account that is used to account for materials that are not inspected and are in the database and are in transit based on the actual cost method.
Steps for preparing the balance sheet 10 points
The preparation of the balance sheet adopts the direct filling method and the analytical and sorting filling method according to the filling requirements of the items.
1. The so-called direct filling method is a method of filling directly according to the closing balance of the general ledger account. Most items on the balance sheet use this method.
2. The so-called analysis, sorting and filling method is a method that is based on the closing balance of the general ledger or subsidiary ledger, and then performs calculations such as consolidation or deduction, or analyzes and sorting based on the nature of the balance before filling it in. A small number of items on the balance sheet require this method.
How to prepare last year's balance sheet and income statement
This year's balance sheet and income statement should not be prepared based on last year's balance sheet and income statement, but should be based on this year's relevant account books and related information to prepare this year's balance sheet and profits. Just fill in the previous period's numbers for the previous year
What is the method for preparing the balance sheet?
Preparation method of the balance sheet: The sources of various data on the balance sheet are mainly obtained through the following methods
1. Fill in directly according to the balance of the general ledger account;
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2. Calculate and fill in columns based on the balance of general ledger accounts;
3. Calculate and fill in columns based on balances of detailed accounts;
4. Calculate and fill in columns based on balances of general ledger accounts and detailed accounts Analyze, calculate and fill in the columns;
5. Fill in the columns based on the net amount after subtracting the allowance items from the account balance;
The balance sheet is filled in based on the closing balance of the general ledger
p>The opening balance sheet balance sheet is the closing balance of the previous year, which remains unchanged for one year. This year's closing balance is the opening balance of next year.
Fill in whatever subjects are on the form. Fill in according to the requirements, special reminder
Monetary funds are cash balance plus bank deposit balance. Inventory is the balance of raw materials plus the balance of finished goods
The balance of accumulated depreciation is placed under fixed assets.
Current assets + fixed assets = total assets
The right side is the balance of the liability account. If the tax payable is a debit balance, it will be expressed with a negative sign. There are loans reflected in long-term and short-term borrowings.
Profit and loss undistributed profits (undistributed profit balance + current year profit balance), if the loss is expressed with a negative sign
Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity
How to prepare a balance sheet
1 Instructions for preparing a balance sheet
1. This table reflects all assets, liabilities and owners' equity of the enterprise at the end of the month and year.
2. The figures in the "Beginning Amount" column of this table should be filled in based on the figures listed in the "Ending Amount" column of the balance sheet at the end of the previous year. If the names and contents of each item specified in the current year's balance sheet are inconsistent with those of the previous year, the names and figures of each item in the balance sheet at the end of the previous year should be adjusted according to the current year's regulations and filled in the "Beginning Number" column of this table.
3. Contents and filling methods of each item in this form:
1. The "monetary funds" item reflects the total of corporate cash on hand, bank settlement account deposits, out-of-town deposits, bank draft deposits, bank cashier's check deposits, international letter of credit deposits and funds in transit.
This item should be filled in based on the total closing balance of the "Cash", "Bank Deposits" and "Other Monetary Funds" accounts.
2. The "short-term investment" project reflects the company's purchase of various securities that can be cashed at any time and are held for no more than one year, as well as other investments that are no more than one year. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the "short-term investment" account.
3. The "notes receivable" item reflects the notes receivable received by the enterprise that have not been due for collection and have not been discounted to the bank, including commercial acceptance bills and bank acceptance bills. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the "Notes Receivable" account. Notes receivable that have been discounted to banks are not included in this item, and commercial acceptance bills that have been discounted should be separately reflected in the supplementary information at the bottom of this table.
4. The "accounts receivable" item reflects the various amounts that an enterprise should collect from purchasing units for selling goods and providing services. This item should be filled in based on the total ending debit balance of each detailed account to which the "Accounts Receivable" account belongs.
5. The "Bad Debt Provision" item reflects the enterprise's provision for bad debts that have not yet been written off. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the "Bad Debt Provision" account, in which the debit balance should be filled in with a "-" sign.
6. The "prepaid accounts" item reflects the amount paid in advance by the enterprise to the supply unit. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the "Prepaid Accounts" account. If there is a credit balance in the relevant detail account of the "Prepaid Accounts" account, it should be filled in the "Accounts Payable" item of this table. If the detailed account of the "Accounts Payable" account has a debit balance, it should also be included in this item.
7. The "other receivables" item reflects the company's receivables and temporary payments to other units and individuals. This item should be filled in based on the closing balance of the "other receivables" account.
8. The "inventory" item reflects the purchase price and actual cost of materials and supplies of various goods that the enterprise has in storage, in transit, rented, and in processing at the end of the period, including goods in transit, inventory, processing goods, rental goods, and goods issued for payment in installments. As well as materials, packaging, low-value consumables, etc., excluding goods entrusted by enterprises to sell on consignments and specially approved reserve materials. This project should be based on "commodity procurement", "inventory goods", "commodity purchase and sale price difference", "commodity price reduction preparation", "processing goods", "rental goods", "issue goods for installment collection", "materials and supplies", "packaging materials", "low value transactions". The difference between the debit and credit balances at the end of the period for accounts such as "consumables" is filled in.
9. The "expenditures to be transferred to other operations" item reflects the actual costs of the company's unfinished processing, assembly, repair, transportation and other businesses. This item should be filled in based on the closing balance of the "other business expenses" account.
10. The "prepaid expenses" item reflects the expenses that the enterprise has already incurred but should be amortized in subsequent periods. The enterprise's start-up expenses, rented fixed asset improvement and repair expenses, and other deferred expenses with an amortization period of more than one year should be reflected in the "deferred assets" item in this table and are not included in the figures of this item. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the "prepaid expenses" account. If there is a debit balance in the "Accrued Expenses" account at the end of the period, it will also be reflected in this item. For enterprises that add a "foreign exchange spread" account, if there is a debit balance in this account, it will also be included in this project.
11. The "net loss of current assets to be processed" item reflects the net loss after deducting the profit from the loss and damage of current assets found in the inventory of the company's assets that have yet to be approved for write-off or other processing. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the detailed account of "Pending Current Assets Gains and Excesses" to which the "Pending Property Loss and Loss" account belongs.
The enterprise's pending net losses on fixed assets should be separately reflected in the "Pending net losses on fixed assets" item in this table.
12. The "long-term bond investment due within one year" item reflects the company's long-term investment that will mature within one year... >>
What is the format of the balance sheet?
There are three types of balance sheet preparation formats: account type, report type and financial position type. Among them, the account balance sheet is divided into left and right sides. The left side lists asset items, and the right side lists liabilities and owner's equity items. The totals of the left and right sides are balanced. This format of balance sheet is the most widely used. According to my country's corporate accounting system, this format of balance sheet is required. "Financial Statement Reading and Analysis" goldenfinance/course-67 View more answers>>
How are production costs included in the balance sheet?
The debit balance of production costs is reflected in the inventory column of the balance sheet. The inventory calculation formula of the balance sheet is:
Inventory = materials + low-value consumables + inventory goods + Entrusted processing materials + Entrusted consignment of goods + Production costs, etc. - Provision for inventory decline
Inventory refers to the raw materials or products held by enterprises or merchants for sale in daily activities, and those in the production process. Products, materials used in the production process or the provision of services, materials, sales warehouses, etc. The most basic feature that distinguishes inventories from non-current assets such as fixed assets is that the ultimate purpose of holding inventories by an enterprise is to sell them, including those that are available for direct sale and those that require further processing before they can be sold.
Production cost account:
1. Account nature: cost account.
2. Account purpose: Calculate various expenses incurred by the enterprise for industrial production, including the production of various products, self-made materials, self-made tools, self-made equipment, etc., and determine the actual cost of the product. Production costs mainly include direct material costs, direct labor costs, manufacturing costs, etc.
3. Account structure: Debit increases to register all costs incurred in producing finished products; credit increases to register the actual cost of completed and warehoused products; the ending balance is on the debit side, indicating unfinished work in progress actual production costs.
4. Detailed accounts: Set up secondary accounts according to basic production and auxiliary production, and then set up detailed accounts according to cost accounting objects.
How to fill in the balance sheet and what account data is required?
Balance sheet items and calculation formulas:
1. Assets:
Monetary funds = cash + bank deposits + other monetary funds
Short-term investment = short-term investment - provision for short-term investment price decline
Notes receivable = notes receivable
Accounts receivable = accounts receivable (debit) + accounts receivable (debit) ) - the "bad debt provision" for "accounts receivable" should be accrued
Other receivables = other receivables - the "bad debt provision" for "other receivables" should be accrued
>Inventory = various materials + commodities + products in progress + semi-finished products + packaging + low-value consumables + consigned goods for sale, etc.”
Inventory = materials + low-value consumables + inventory Commodities + entrusted processing materials + entrusted sales consignment goods + production costs, etc. - Inventory price decline provision
Enterprises that use planned cost accounting for materials, and companies that use planned cost or selling price accounting for inventory goods should add or subtract material costs. Fill in the amount after the difference and the difference between the purchase and sale of goods.
Prepaid expenses = Prepaid expenses [other prepaid expenses except for amortization period of more than 1 year (excluding 1 year)]
Other current assets = other current assets of small businesses other than the above current asset items
Long-term equity investment = long-term equity investment [various types of small businesses that are not prepared to be liquidated within one year (including one year) Full book balance of investments of an investment nature]
Long-term debt investment = long-term debt investment [book balance of various debt investments that small businesses are not prepared to realize within 1 year (including 1 year); long-term debt investment , long-term debt investment due within 1 year should be reflected separately in the "long-term debt investment due within 1 year" item under the current asset category.]
Original price of fixed assets = fixed assets [financing lease The original price of fixed assets is also included]
Accumulated depreciation = Accumulated depreciation [The depreciation of fixed assets leased by financing is also included]
Engineering materials = Engineering materials
Fixed assets liquidation = Fixed assets liquidation (debit) [The end of the "Fixed assets liquidation" account is the credit balance, filled in with "-"]
Intangible assets = Intangible Assets
Long-term prepaid expenses = "Long-term prepaid expenses" ending balance - "Amount to be amortized within 1 year (including 1 year)"
Other long-term assets = "Small "Other long-term assets of the enterprise other than the above assets"
2. Liabilities:
Prepaid accounts = accounts payable (borrowed) + prepaid accounts (borrowed)
< p> Short-term borrowing = short-term borrowingNotes payable = notes payable
Accounts payable = accounts payable (loan) + prepaid accounts (loan)
Wages payable = Wages payable (credit) [The ending balance of the "Wages Payable" account is the debit balance, filled in with a "-" sign]
Welfare fees payable = Welfare fees payable
Profit payable = Profit payable
Taxes payable = Taxes payable (credit) [The "taxes payable" account at the end of the period is the debit balance, filled in with "-"]
Other payables Accounts = other accounts payable (loan) [The end of the period of "Other accounts payable" is the debit balance, filled in with a "-"]
Other accounts payable = other accounts payable
Accrued expenses = Accrued expenses (credit) [The end of the "Accrued expenses" account is the debit balance, which should be reflected in the "Prepaid expenses" item]
Other current liabilities = "Excluding small businesses "Other current liabilities other than the above current liabilities"
Long-term borrowings = long-term borrowings
Long-term payables = long-term payables
Accounts received in advance = accounts receivable (Loan) + Advance receipts (Loan)
Other long-term liabilities = reflect other long-term liabilities of small businesses other than the above long-term liability items, including donations received by small businesses that have not been recorded in the "value of assets to be transferred" account. The balance transferred to capital reserve. This item should be filled in based on the closing balance of the relevant account. Among the various items of long-term liabilities mentioned above, long-term liabilities due within one year (including one year) shall be reflected separately in the item "long-term liabilities due within one year".
Each item of the above long-term liabilities should be filled in based on the closing balance of the relevant account minus the amount of long-term liabilities due within one year (including one year)
3. Owner's Equity:
Capital reserve = Capital reserve
Surplus reserve = Surplus reserve
Statutory public welfare fund = Ending balance of the "statutory public welfare fund" to which "surplus reserve" belongs
p>Undistributed profit = profit for the year + profit distribution [Uncovered losses, filled in with "-" in this item]
Paid-in capital = paid-in capital
Employee salaries payable, wages payable + other payables (employee wage surcharges, etc. paid to individuals) + other payables (employee education funds)
The balance sheet reflects the company’s The accounting statement of all assets, liabilities and owners' equity on a specific date (such as the end of the month, the end of the quarter, the end of the year) is a static reflection of the company's operating activities. According to the balance formula of "Assets = Liabilities + Owners' Equity", according to Certain classification standards and a certain order are used to appropriately arrange the specific items of assets, liabilities, and owners' equity on a specific date... >>
Assets and liabilities of construction in progress accounts How to compile the table
The "Construction in Progress" item in the balance sheet reflects the actual expenditures of various unfinished projects of the enterprise at the end of the period, including the value of the equipment delivered and installed, materials and wages that have been consumed in the unfinished construction and installation projects. And expenses, the price of advance contracted projects, the recoverable amount of projects that have been constructed and installed but have not yet been delivered for use, etc. This item should be filled in based on the ending balance of the "Construction in Progress" account minus the ending balance of the "Provision for Impairment of Construction in Progress" account.