1. is one of the ways for a country to develop its economy, accumulate funds and seek foreign exchange.
Most dried and fresh fruits can provide raw materials for industry and be made into various processed products, such as preserved fruit, jam, fruit juice, canned fruit wine, fruit tea and so on. Essence can also be made from some fruits; Tannin is extracted from branches, leaves, skins, pomegranate skins and leaves of chestnut. Persimmons can be made into persimmon paint as preservatives for umbrellas and fishing nets. The wood of walnut, pear, litchi and other fruit trees is tough, dense and beautiful, and can be used as furniture, military industry, building materials and so on. Therefore, many countries in the world, including some developed countries, regard the development of fruit tree production as a way to accumulate funds and increase foreign exchange income in economic construction. The same is true in China, which has always regarded exporting fruits as one of the main agricultural and sideline products in exchange for foreign exchange. In recent years, the export of dried and fresh fruits and processed products in China accounts for 1/3 of the total export of grain, oil and vegetables.
2. It is an important way to increase rural economic income and make farmers rich.
Since ancient times, fruit tree production has been an important source of farmers' economic income. According to historical records, "Anyi Thousand Trees Jujube", "Yanqin Thousand Trees Chestnut", "Hanshu Jiangling Thousand Trees Orange" and "Everyone and Thousands of Households". This shows the status and economic income of ancient fruit farmers. Since modern times, especially since the reform and opening up, China rural areas and farmers have also regarded fruit tree production as an important way to increase and accumulate economic income. In recent years, even in general fruit producing areas, the proportion of fruit industry in total agricultural income is around 10%; In the main producing areas, the proportion can reach 50%-70%. Therefore, a new proverb "If you want to be rich, plant fruit trees" came into being.
3. It is a necessary non-staple food for people's life.
Fruit has always played an important role in people's diet. As early as more than 2,000 years ago, the first medical monograph in China, Neijing Suwen, put forward that the reasonable dietary structure of human beings is "five grains for nourishment, five fruits for help, five animals for benefit, and five vegetables for filling". At present, the proportion of nutrients absorbed by Japanese per capita from food every year is 30% calcium, 7.6% phosphorus, 73% iron and 85% vitamin C. Nutrition experts believe that in order to maintain the healthy development of human body, Table 1- 1- 1 shows the per capita fruit quantity. It can be seen that in economically developed countries, the consumption level of fruits is relatively high; Fruit plays an important role in their food composition. Fortunately, with the development of China's economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the proportion of fruits in the food structure of China people is also increasing. Although China has a large population base, the annual per capita fruit possession has increased to 18kg( 1989). Moreover, the consumption structure of products has gradually changed from the original single state of "citrus bananas in the south and apples and pears in the north" to the situation of reasonable collocation of various fruits (Figure 1- 1- 1).
Table 1- 1- 1 per capita annual fruit output
Figure 1- 1- 1 China fruit consumption structure
4. It has certain medical and health care value.
The health care function of dried and fresh fruits is well known. China's medical heritage has long affirmed that walnut kernel, longan, litchi and jujube are good tonics, almond, orange peel and autumn pear paste have the effect of resolving phlegm and relieving cough, hawthorn pill helps digestion, and Ziziphus jujuba seed can soothe the nerves. Su Wen in Neijing pointed out that "the kidney should be peach, the heart should be plum, the lung should be apricot and the spleen should be chestnut". However, there are more than 60 kinds of fruits in the fruit section of Compendium of Materia Medica in Ming Dynasty. With the deepening of research and the development of medicine, more and more attention has been paid to the medicinal functions of Rosa roxburghii, Hippophae rhamnoides, Crataegus pinnatifida and Kiwifruit. Even their role in cancer prevention has attracted more and more attention.
5. Transform nature, beautify the environment and benefit mankind.
Fruit trees are highly adaptable cash crops. Therefore, in addition to planting in farmland, it can also be planted in wasteland, hills, beaches, light saline-alkali areas and sandy wasteland, which can play the role of wind and sand fixation, water storage and moisture conservation, and improve the regional ecological environment. According to research, one hectare of forest and fruit trees can absorb 1000L of carbon dioxide gas and release 730L of oxygen every day, thus keeping the air fresh and purifying it. The graceful posture of fruit trees, colorful flowers, fruits with good color, fragrance and taste, the characteristics of being suitable for various shapes, and the free planting in front of and behind houses and urban parks all indicate that they are suitable materials for beautifying the environment. In addition, fruit trees can effectively eliminate noise and play an important role in protecting human health.