The 19 members of the euro are Germany, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Ireland, Spain, Portugal, Austria, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Greece, Malta and Cyprus? .
1999 65438+ 10 1 EU countries that implement the euro implement the single currency bill. In July 2002, the euro became the legal tender of the euro zone.
The euro is managed by the European Central Bank (ECB) and the european system of central banks (ESCB), which is composed of the central banks of the euro zone countries.
In addition, the euro is the currency of six non-EU countries (regions), namely Monaco, San Marino, Vatican, Andorra, Montenegro and Kosovo. Among them, the first four pocket countries use the euro according to the agreement with the EU, and the last two countries (regions) use the euro unilaterally.
Linked currency
At present, the currencies linked to the euro are Cape Verde, escudo, convertible mark of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgarian lev, French overseas franc, Central African franc, West African franc, Comoros franc and Lithuanian Lit.
Euro is the official currency of 16 countries and regions outside the EU world. Moreover, the currencies of 22 countries and regions are directly linked to the euro, including 14 West African countries, 3 French Pacific regions, 2 African island countries and 3 Borgen Peninsula countries.
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The front of all euro coins is the same, marked with the face value of the coin, which is called "the same face", while the pattern on the back of the coin is designed by the issuing country itself.
Constitutional monarchy countries usually use the head of their monarch, while other countries usually use their national symbols. All different coins can be used in all areas. For example, coins with the head of the King of Spain are legal tender in other countries that use the euro except Spain.
There are eight kinds of euro coins: 2 euro, 1 euro, 50 euro cents, 20 euro cents, 10 euro cents, 5 euro cents, 2 euro cents and 1 euro cents. Although Finland and the Netherlands generally do not use coins of 1 euro and 2 euro cents, they are still legal tender.
The design of each denomination of euro notes is the same in all countries. There are seven kinds of euro banknotes: 500 euros, 200 euros, 100 euros, 50 euros, 20 euros, 10 euros and 5 euros. Although some countries do not issue large denomination notes, they are still legal tender.
The adoption of 500 yuan face value for euro was decided after careful argumentation, because the maximum face value of Belgian, German, Italian, Luxemburg and dutch gulden was between 200 and 500 euros at that time. But other European countries doubt the necessity of 200 euro and 500 euro notes.
For most European residents, 200 euros and 500 euros will not be used in daily life. The British Currency Exchange 20 10 found that 90% of the 500 euro notes were related to criminal activities.
Because euro 500 yuan paper money is easy to be used for money laundering, the European Central Bank announced on May 4th, 20 16 that it would not print 500 denominations of euro at the end of 20 18, so as to reduce the criminal groups' illegal activities by using large-value paper money.
Refer to the above? Baidu Encyclopedia-Europe