1. Trade foreign exchange, also known as physical trade foreign exchange, refers to foreign exchange derived or used in import and export trade, that is, international payment means formed by international commodity circulation.

2. Non-trade foreign exchange refers to all foreign exchange except trade foreign exchange, that is, all foreign exchange that is not derived from or used for import and export trade, such as labor service foreign exchange, remittance and donation foreign exchange.

3. Financial foreign exchange is different from trade foreign exchange and non-trade foreign exchange, and belongs to a kind of financial asset foreign exchange, such as inter-bank trading foreign exchange, which is neither derived from tangible trade or intangible trade, nor used for tangible trade, but used for the management and manipulation of various currency positions.

Foreign exchange is the creditor's rights held by the monetary management authorities (central bank, monetary management institutions, foreign exchange stabilization fund and Ministry of Finance) in the form of bank deposits, treasury bonds and long-term and short-term government securities. , which can be used when the balance of payments is in deficit. Including foreign currency, foreign currency deposits, foreign currency securities (treasury bonds, treasury bonds, corporate bonds, stocks, etc.). ) and foreign currency payment vouchers (bills, bank deposit vouchers, postal savings vouchers, etc.). ). By 20 15, China ranked first in the foreign exchange reserves of governments all over the world. The United States, Japan, Germany and other countries have a large number of private foreign exchange reserves, and the overall foreign exchange reserves of the country are much higher than that of China.