Mexico is the third largest country in Latin America, located in the south of North America and the northwest of Latin America. It is the only place for land transportation in South America and North America, and is known as the "land bridge". It borders the United States to the north, Guatemala and Belize to the south, the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean to the east, and the Pacific Ocean and the Gulf of California to the west. Coastline length11122km. Among them, the Pacific coast is 7828 kilometers, and the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean coast are 3294 kilometers. It has an exclusive economic zone of 3 million square kilometers and a continental shelf of 358,000 square kilometers. The famous Tevantepec isthmus connects North America and Central America.
About five-sixth of the country's area is plateau and mountain. The Mexican Plateau is located in the middle, flanked by East and West Madre Mountains, to the south by Neovolcanic Mountains and South Madre Mountains, and to the southeast by the flat Yucatan Peninsula, with many long and narrow coastal plains. Mount Orisaba, the highest peak in China, is 5700 meters above sea level. The main rivers are bravo river, Balthas River and Yaki River. Lakes are mostly distributed in the intermountain basins of the central plateau, and the largest is Chapala Lake, with an area of 1 109 square kilometers. The climate in Mexico is complex and diverse. The coastal and southeast plains have a tropical climate with an average annual temperature of 25-27.7℃. The climate of the Mexican plateau is mild all year round, with 24℃ in the intermountain basin and high terrain 17℃. Northwest China has a continental climate. Most areas are divided into dry season and rainy season, and the rainy season concentrates 75% of the annual precipitation. The average annual precipitation in northwest China is less than 250 mm, in mainland China it is 750- 1000 mm, and in the central part of the Gulf Coast and the southern part of the Pacific Coast it is 1000-2000 mm.. Mexico enjoys the reputation of "Pearl of the Plateau" because of its plateau topography, no severe cold in winter, no intense heat in summer and evergreen seasons.
Gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc and other 15 mineral reserves rank among the top in the world, mainly including oil, natural gas, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, arsenic, bismuth, mercury, cadmium, antimony, apatite, celestite, graphite, sulfur, fluorite, barite and fluorite. Among them, the output of silver ranks first in the world for many years, and it is known as the "Silver Kingdom". The output of bismuth, cadmium and mercury is the second in the world, barite and antimony are the third, and iodine and mercury are the fourth. The proven oil reserves are 20.5 billion barrels (according to Xinhua News Agency on March 7, 2004). With a natural gas reserve of 70 billion cubic meters, it is the largest oil producer and exporter in Latin America, ranking 13 in the world and occupying an important position in Mexico's national economy. The forest area is 45 million hectares, accounting for about 1/4 of the total land area. Hydraulic resources are about 6.5438+million kilowatts. Seafood mainly includes prawns, tuna, sardines and abalone, among which prawns and abalone are traditional export products. Mexico's industrial and mining industries are relatively complete, but their development is uneven. Manufacturing occupies an important position. Previously depressed industries such as construction, textile and clothing began to recover, and industries such as transportation equipment, cement, chemical products and electric power continued to grow. Oil production continues to rank fourth in the world, and Mexico is the main honey producer in the world, with an annual output of 60 million kilograms, ranking fourth in the world. 90% of the honey produced is exported, and the annual foreign exchange income of this part is about 70 million US dollars.
China has 35.6 million hectares of arable land, of which 23 million hectares have been cultivated. The main crops are corn, wheat, sorghum, soybeans, rice, cotton, coffee, cocoa and so on. Mexico's ancient Indians planted corn, so the country enjoys the reputation of "the hometown of corn". Sisal, also known as "green gold", is also a coquettish agricultural product in Mexico, and its output ranks among the top in the world. The national pasture covers an area of 79 million hectares, mainly raising cattle, pigs, sheep, horses and chickens, and some livestock products are exported. Mexico's main export commodities are crude oil, automobiles, auto parts, coffee beans, vegetables, steel products and chemical and mechanical products. Imported goods are automobile materials, electrical appliances, chemical products, food, beverages, paper pulp, textiles and petrochemical products. The long history and culture, unique plateau customs, cultural landscape and long coastline provide unique advantages for Mexico to develop tourism, and tourism, which ranks first in Latin America, has become one of Mexico's main sources of foreign exchange. In 200 1 year, the tourism revenue reached $8.4 billion. Mexico City, Acapulco, Tijuana and Cancun are all famous tourist attractions.