Quotas can be broadly defined and narrowly defined. Broadly speaking, quota is a kind of management and distribution of limited resources, and it is a kind of balance between unequal supply and demand or different interests of all parties. For example, when the demand for tourism or immigration in a certain place is too strong, adopting a quota system can alleviate this pressure; When a product is in short supply, the implementation of quota system can adjust the imbalance; Wait a minute.

Narrow quota refers to the definition in the field of international trade, that is, a country (region) actively or passively controls the import and export quantity or value of products in order to protect its industry from excessive import or prevent its products from excessive export. There are many ways of quota. According to statistics, there are more than 2,500 kinds of quotas implemented worldwide. According to different standards, quotas are divided into absolute quotas and relative quotas, tariff quotas and non-tariff quotas, active quotas and passive quotas.

The quota system protects domestic industries at the expense of restricting international trade, so it has long been resolutely opposed by trade liberalism advocates. Since GATT 1947, the contracting parties/members of GATT/WTO have made great efforts to reduce and cancel the quota system. In each round of negotiations or when a new country (region) concludes or joins, almost all countries (regions) concerned are required to substantially reduce or cancel quotas.

According to the negotiation results of China's accession to the WTO, China has the right to maintain the tariff quota management system for some products within 3-5 years after its accession to the WTO, mainly including: some agricultural products (wheat, corn, rice, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, cotton, sugar, etc. ); Wool and tops; Some textiles (passive distribution); Other chemical or mechanical and electrical products (refined oil, sodium cyanide, chemical fertilizer, natural rubber, automobiles and motorcycles and their parts, etc.). Generally speaking, these products subject to quota management should be cancelled before 2005 or 2006, during which the quota will increase at a certain rate every year.

Write-off: China is a country with foreign exchange control. If you export goods, you must receive money (foreign exchange) If you import goods, you must pay (foreign exchange). Therefore, after export, when you receive the money, you go to SAFE with the memo, indicating that the business is completed. This is the so-called cancellation. Tax refund can only be processed after verification.