1 Pursuing a comprehensive investment and wealth management portfolio.
Xiao Chen is a white-collar worker in a foreign company in Nanjing. After working for two years, I don't have much savings, but I have a great desire to invest. The only savings are 60,000, stock trading is 20,000, coin collection is 1 10,000, foreign exchange treasure10.5 million, open-end fund10.5 million, and dividend insurance is 5,000. It is said that the bank will promote the personal paper gold business "Huang Jinbao", and Xiao Chen's heart is stirring again. Why not keep the gold?
Xiao Chen's investment philosophy: eggs can't be put in one basket. Try various financial products to diversify investment risks. As the saying goes, "The East is not bright and the West is bright", there is always a place to make money-this is also the financial management method pursued by many people at present. However, one year later, Xiao Chen's investment performance is not satisfactory. The stock market lost money, the dollar fell, and the coins did not move. Only open-end funds make money, but unfortunately they buy less. Xiao Chen believes that risks have been dispersed. How to invest or fail, the income is not as good as deposit in the bank?
Analysis of Misunderstanding: Xiao Chen's financial management methods mentioned above really help to diversify investment risks. Its defects are also obvious: in practice, eggs are put in too many baskets, and there is not enough energy to pay attention to the trend of each market, resulting in poor investment analysis. As a result, you may not make money anywhere, and even have the danger of asset impairment. Pursuing a comprehensive portfolio of investment and financial management is not suitable for ordinary people with less funds. In fact, some investment behaviors themselves represent different market judgments. For example, in the case of Xiao Chen's investment in the US dollar, it should be said that he expects the US dollar to appreciate, and at the same time he wants to invest in Huang Jinbao. The international gold price and the dollar tend to fluctuate in the opposite direction. If investors choose such a financial portfolio, it is contradictory.
Financial experts suggest that it is necessary for clients with large capital to diversify their investments to avoid risks, but for investors with small capital such as Xiao Chen, it is necessary not to diversify their funds when they first enter the investment field. If they are interested in foreign exchange speculation, Xiao Chen can spend $65,438+000 to intervene and master the skills before further investment. There is also money for stock trading. Only by relatively concentrating the superior forces can the limited funds exert the greatest benefits.
2 the general trend of waiting for the rabbit is not accurate, waiting for the rabbit.
Miss Zhang is very busy at work. She wanted to invest in the stock market, but she didn't have time, so she accepted the advice of financial experts: buy open-end funds. Last year, she bought almost all open-end funds (bonds, stocks and indexes) issued by banks, and each fund bought 5,000 yuan, making a total of 10 funds * * * 50,000 yuan.
Miss Zhang's investment philosophy: every fund is not bought, and every fund is not missed. Different types of funds can spread different degrees of risk. As a result, after one year, her average rate of return was 10%. 10% is a good result for investors. However, considering the overall performance of open-end funds last year, Miss Zhang's investment was not successful.
Misunderstanding analysis: Miss Zhang's mistake lies in not screening the fund varieties. In Miss Zhang's portfolio, many funds have achieved 35% return, but her return was eventually dragged down by the other four funds. These four funds include two bond funds and two underperforming stock funds. So far, the net value of a bond fund is only 0.95 yuan, and the yields of both stock funds are around 5%. Now, affected by the rising inflation rate and the expectation of the central bank to raise interest rates, the bond market has fallen a lot, and bond funds are not ideal investment varieties. The proportion of partial stock funds investing in stocks is relatively large, and the risks and benefits are relatively large; Balanced funds will make a reasonable proportion of stocks and bonds according to market conditions, and the benefits and risks are smaller than the former.
Financial experts suggest that different varieties are suitable for different people. Miss Zhang, who is unwilling to take higher risks, still focuses on balanced funds and properly matches partial stock funds. There should be no more than four types of funds. In addition, in order to avoid the risks brought by a single investment, it is recommended to buy a fixed amount of funds to invest in open-end funds every month, so that no matter how the net value of the fund fluctuates, you are buying, thus sharing the risks of the fund.
3 short-term speculation short-term speculation, not paying attention to long-term trends
Both Mr. Liao and his wife in their early forties have stable jobs. After years of savings, their family has become quite rich. In the past two years, Mr. Liao watched his friends go in and out of the stock market and made a fortune; The funds in the futures market double every day, and my heart itches. The couple thought about it and decided to spend tens of thousands of dollars to fry with friends. In this way, from the beginning of 2002, the stock market, foreign exchange market and even futures market all left the shadow of Mr. Liao. However, unlike what Mr. Liao thought before, Mr. Liao and his wife, who are eager to get rich returns from these high-risk investments, pay too much attention to short-term speculation. When they heard the rumor that a stock had changed, they invested in it, but soon they quit without any movement, and the return of the stock market was not ideal for more than a year. In 2003, the foreign exchange market and futures market were very prosperous, and they switched to foreign exchange market and futures market. The same eager investment mentality did not make the Liao couple make any achievements in the foreign exchange market and futures market. Mr. Liao wants to know why such an investment doesn't make money.
Misunderstanding analysis: In fact, there are many investors like Mr. Liao in China who are willing to operate frequently in the short term to obtain the speculative price difference. No matter what is popular this year or this period, they will rush to invest. Such people have the concept of investment, but such speculators often hope to get rich overnight. If the time is good, they may make a lot of money, but when the time is bad, there are many examples of losing everything.
Financial experts suggest that investors should correctly evaluate their personality characteristics and risk preferences, and on this basis decide their investment orientation and financial management methods. For example, Mr. Wang, who is 30 years old, works in a bank and has access to the latest financial information every day. He can give full play to his well-informed advantages, choose radical investment methods and engage in stock and foreign exchange trading. Mr. Li, who is over 55 years old, works as a teacher, knows little about the economy and has a steady personality. His situation is different from that of Mr Wang. He should avoid aggressive investment and choose less risky government bonds and investment funds. Like Mr. and Mrs. Liao, who have stable jobs, they can make some long-term plans and choose some products with stable investment, because only by reasonably diverting deposits according to their age, income status and expectations, and risk tolerance, so that they can form different forms of personal or family assets, is the best way to manage money.
4 blindly follow the trend of financial management, blindly follow the trend
Uncle Liu, 65, saw the crazy selling of bank funds this year, and many funds played the slogan of high income in propaganda, and his heart began to play a small abacus. At present, his family's main assets are: 40,000 yuan of bank deposits due soon, and 6,543,800 yuan of five-year certificate-based national debt. Now, Uncle Liu receives 1000 yuan of old-age insurance every month, and his children are married and start businesses without any burden. Therefore, his greatest wish is to realize the appreciation of family assets, provide living security for him and his unemployed wife, and improve the quality of life of the old couple in their later years. So they thought of mortgaging their house and buying stock funds with higher risk and return.
Uncle Liu's idea is simple: the annual income of the fund can reach 20%, while the interest rate of bank loans for houses mortgaged for 2-3 years is only 5.49%. Based on this calculation, if you buy a fund of 400,000 yuan, the annual income can reach 14.5 1%, and it is not easy to earn more than100,000 in two or three years.
Misunderstanding analysis: Uncle Liu's method of mortgaging a house to buy a fund is all wet. Don't say old people, even young people, can't be so impulsive. Although the annual returns of several equity funds exceeded 20% last year, high returns were accompanied by high risks. Who can guarantee the future return of funds? What's more, taking a house as collateral to buy a fund is a short-term holding. Once the financial situation is not good, it will definitely affect the old age of the two old people.
Financial experts suggest that old age is also an important stage of family financial management. Good arrangements will add luster to the old age, and bad arrangements will directly affect the happiness of the old age. Uncle Liu Can used the 40,000 yuan deposit after maturity to buy some money funds or two-year electronic bookkeeping voucher-type government bonds according to the principles of profitability and security, with an annual income of 2.4%. While holding 654.38+00,000 yuan of voucher-type treasury bonds, we used our newly-added "Bank-Securities Link" business to buy book-entry treasury bonds. At present, the annual income of book-entry treasury bonds is mostly above 3%, and the investment value is generally higher than that of savings and voucher treasury bonds.
5 excessive conservative family wealth for stability, regardless of income
Mr. Lu, who has been doing small business, accidentally made a sum of money two years ago and was really happy for a long time. Mr. Lu, who has always been very cautious about money, is very careful about this considerable sum of money. Even if his wife urged him to take the money to buy fixed-term treasury bonds and other investments, he was reluctant to put it in the bank and prepare to give it to his daughter, who is now 14 years old and will go to college many years later.
There is a reason why Mr. Lu is so stubborn: now both husband and wife are engaged in small businesses. Apart from the cost of their daughter's schooling, there is no shortage of other things in the family, so that they can save a little money every month for the couple's future pension. He has a clear understanding of his husband and wife's abilities and thinks that they are unlikely to have more opportunities to make big money. And he can foresee that the biggest expense in the future is the cost of his daughter's going to college. Therefore, "that money" can't be wrong! The long-term inherent conservative character determines that Mr. Lu's attitude towards this large sum of money is: bank insurance is good anywhere.
Misunderstanding analysis: among many investment and financial management methods, saving is the one with the least risk and the most stable income. However, the continuous interest rate reduction and interest tax by the central bank have brought the current interest rate to the lowest level in history. In this case, it is almost impossible to realize the appreciation of personal assets by relying on deposits; In the event of inflation, personal assets in the bank will shrink invisibly. The money in the bank is always just an empty number in the passbook, which does not have the investment function of stocks or the protection function of insurance.
Financial experts suggest that ordinary people should change the traditional concept of financial management, which only seeks stability without looking at income, and seek diversified investment channels with both security and high income to maximize the income of family financial management. Have a little understanding of basic investment tools, "do what you can", choose several interesting investment methods, and combine "small and wide". The allocation ratio of portfolio should be converted according to individual ability. People who are conservative or have little spare money should not have too diverse and complicated portfolios, and the proportion of short-term profitable investments should be less; If you are aggressive and not afraid of adventurers, you can increase the proportion of high-yield investment according to your own ability. It is absolutely unwise to put all your eggs in one basket! Financial management is not equal to investment. The core of financial management is the rational distribution of assets and income, which should consider not only the accumulation of wealth, but also the protection of wealth. If you lack sufficient financial knowledge, you can ask financial experts for help.