Special economic zones are specific areas in China that have a certain scope and adopt special policies that are more open and flexible than those in other parts of China. In China, the China government allows foreign enterprises or individuals, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao to invest, and implements special policies. In special economic zones, preferential conditions are provided to foreign businessmen in the import and export of enterprise equipment, raw materials and spare parts, enterprise income tax rate and reduction, foreign exchange settlement and profit remittance, land use and residence, and entry and exit procedures for foreign businessmen and their families.

From the characteristics, special economic zones are special economic zones that China adopts special policies and flexible measures to attract external funds, especially foreign funds for development and construction; Functionally, special economic zones are the window, vanguard and testing ground for China's reform, opening up and modernization. This is not only a summary of the special policies, special systems and special development paths of special economic zones, but also a summary of the historical mission and practical role undertaken by special economic zones.

main feature

1. The funds for the economic development of the special zone are mainly foreign capital;

2. The economic activities of special economic zones are dominated by market regulation;

3. Give special preferential treatment and convenience to merchants who come to invest;

4. The state gives the SAR more economic autonomy.

put forward

The term "special economic zone" was first put forward by China in 1979 and was implemented in Shenzhen. In essence, special economic zones are also one of the main forms of free port areas in the world. Through preferential measures such as tariff reduction and exemption, we will create a good investment environment, encourage foreign investment, introduce advanced technology and scientific management methods, and promote the economic and technological development of the countries where the special zones are located. Special economic zones implement special economic policies, flexible economic measures and special economic management systems, and adhere to the development goal of export-oriented economy.

Basic economic characteristics of special zones

The construction funds are mainly foreign capital.

The economic structure is dominated by foreign-funded enterprises (foreign capital, overseas Chinese capital, Hong Kong and Macao capital).

Products are mainly exported.

Its economic operation mechanism is dominated by market regulation under the guidance of national plans.

The economy of the special zone is mainly based on the development of industry, combining industry and trade, and correspondingly developing the tertiary industries such as tourism, real estate, finance and catering services.

Main economic components of China Special Economic Zone

Socialist state-owned economy

Socialist collective economy

Wholly foreign-owned economy

Sino-foreign joint ventures and cooperative economy

individual economy

In addition, there are "three to one supplement" (that is, processing with supplied materials, processing with supplied samples, assembling with supplied parts and compensation trade) enterprises. Among them, "foreign-funded enterprises" and "three contributions and one supplement" are the main ways for the special zone to utilize foreign capital.